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Network Design in
the Supply Chain
1-1
5-1
Learning Objectives
1. Understand the role of network design in a
supply chain.
2. Identify factors influencing supply chain
network design decisions.
3. Develop a framework for making network
design decisions.
4. Use optimization for facility location and
capacity allocation decisions.
• Strategic factors
• Technological factors
• Macroeconomic factors
– Tariffs and tax incentives
– Exchange-rate and demand risk
– Freight and fuel costs
• Political
• Infrastructure factors
• Competitive factors
– Positive externalities between firms
– Locating to split the market
• Customer response time and local
presence
• Logistics and facility costs
1– b– a 1+ b– a
d1 = a+ and d2 =
2 2
Figure 5-3
åx ij
= Dj for j = 1,...,m
i=1
m
åx ij
= K i yi for i = 1,...,n
j=1
Figure 5-4
Figure 5-5
Figure 5-5
Figure 5-6
( x– x ) + ( y– y )
2 2
dn = n n
Figure 5-7
Figure 5-8
Figure 5-8
DnFn DnFn
å d å d
n=1 n n=1 n
Demand City
Production and Transportation Cost
per Thousand Units (Thousand $)
Monthly Monthly
Capacity Fixed Cost
Supply Chicag (Thousand (Thousand
City Atlanta Boston o Denver Omaha Portland Units) K $) f
Baltimore 1,675 400 985 1,630 1,160 2,800 18 7,650
Cheyenne 1,460 1,940 970 100 495 1,200 24 3,500
Salt Lake 1,925 2,400 1,450 500 950 800 27 5,000
City
Memphis 380 1,355 543 1,045 665 2,321 22 4,100
Wichita 922 1,646 700 508 311 1,797 31 2,200
Monthly 10 8 14 6 7 11
demand
(thousand
units) Dj Table 5-2
n m subject to
Minå å cij xij n
i=1 j=1 åx ij
= Dj for j = 1,...,m
i=1
m
åx ij
= K i for i = 1,...,n
j=1
TelecomOne Baltimore 0 8 2
Memphis 10 0 12
Wichita 0 0 0
Cheyenne 6 7 0
Table 5-3
Figure 5-9
Figure 5-10
Copyright ©2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall. 5-30
Capacitated Plant Location Model
Figure 5-10
Figure 5-11
åx ij
= 1 for j = 1,...,m
i=1
m
åDx i ij
£ K i yi for i = 1,...,n
j=1
xij , yi Î { 0,1}
Copyright ©2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall. 5-33
Capacitated Model With
Single Sourcing
Figure 5-12
Table 5-4
Figure 5-13
å å åå åå
warehouse e
+ fe y
Minxhi F=i yi quantity + fromchisupplier
shipped
e
xie + h to factory
cej xej at
i=1 i
site e=1 h=1 i=1 e=1 j=1
n m
åx hi
£ Sh for h = 1,...,l åx ej
£ We ye for e= 1,...,t
i=1 j=1
l t t
åx – åx hi ie
³ 0 for i = 1,...,n åx ej
= Dj for j = 1,...,m
h=1 e=1 e=1
t
åx ie
£ K i yi for i = 1,...,n yi , ye Î { 0,1} , xej , xie, xhi ³ 0
e=1
n m
åx – åx ie ej
³ 0 for e= 1,...,t
i=1 j=1
åx ij
£ Dj for j = 1,...,m
i=1