CHAPTER XXIII:

RIZAL AS SCIENTIST
Report By: Razel C. Casulla
BS Pharmacy
• A person who is researching or has expert-level knowledge in a field of
science.
• A scientist is someone who conducts scientific research to advance
knowledge in an area of interest
• A scientist is a person who studies or has expertise in science.
• A scientist tries to understand how our world, or other things, work.
• Scientists make observations, ask questions and do
extensive research work in finding the answers to many questions others
may not know about.
The intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study
of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through
observation and experiment. the world of science and technology.
1. Passionate learners about science and nature.
2. Self-motivated solution seekers.
3. Good Communicators.
4. Curious about nature.
5. Creative Problem solvers who think “out of the box”.
6. Risk takers who willing to fail publicly.
7. Persistent & Resilient bounce back from failure.
8. Focused- stick to-it-tive ness.
9. Open minded & honest about data and result.
10. Analytical, logical, systematic and methodical.
 Rizal as SCIENTIST
• Rizal plunged into Sociology and Ethnology.
• Sketching animals and observing life as it happened in the
nature habitats of Mount Makiling and Laguna Lake when he
was a child, Jose Rizal started on a path that led to his
multi-faceted adult life that was spent on scientific pursuits in
medicine, biology, and human evolution.
• The young Jose, also wondered if the Rizal also showed interest in the
people around the area.
Rizal as SCIENTIST
 Rizal as
SCIENTIST
• Rizal tried hashish as an
“experiment" in 1879.
• “I did it for experimental
purposes and I
obtained the substance
from a drugstore,"
• Rizal wrote a letter to
scientist Adolf Bernard
Meyer (A.B. Mayer in
Rizal’s letters) dated
1890. Hashish
• a hallucinogenic drug created from the
resin of cannabis plants.
 Rizal as
SCIENTIST
• Rizal’s scientific aptitudes were
set free when he was
deported to Dapitan.
• The exile let himself loose in the
wilderness there. He went on
to sketch, describe and collect
samples of the creatures he
found in the area. Pinctada Maxima Shells.
• Rizal identified shells in • A species of pearl oyster
Mindanao without having a a marine bivalve mollus
Concho logical library or k in the family Pteriidae,
museum at hand. The feat, the pearl oysters.
noted a member of the • There are two different
Association of Philippine Shell color varieties: the
Collectors in 1960, is the White-lipped oyster and
hardest part in shell collecting. the Gold-lipped oyster.
 Rizal as
SCIENTIST
• While in Dapitan, Rizal
collected specimens which
he sent to A. B. Meyer of
the Dresden Museum in
Germany. From these,
three new species were
named after him. • Adolf Bernhard Meyer

• (11 October 1840, Hamburg –

22 August 1911, Dresden)
• A German anthropologist, orn
ithologist, entomologist,
and herpetologist.
 Rizal’s
Discoveries
• Rhacophorus rizali
• This species is kind of a
rare frog.
• It is an inhabitant of
primary and secondary
rainforest.
 Rizal’s
Discoveries
Draco rizali
• One of the famous
discovered animal of Rizal.
• This is a small lizard with
famous kind of flying
dragon.
• This lizard only see in
tropical island like
southeast Asia which
Philippines is a part of
southeast.
 Rizal’s
Discoveries
Apogonia rizali
• This species is kind of
beetles.
• This beetles also kind of
peculiar beetle found
also in the Philippines
• Spathomeles rizali – Fungus beetle.
• Cyrestis Maenalis Rizali –butterfly.
• Dolochopeza Rizalensis – mosquito.
• Leptocorisa Acuta – paddy bug.
• Hydropsyche Rizali- moth
• Cervus – deer
• Glenochrysa Rizali – kind of dragonfly.
 Rizal’s
Invention
Sulpakan/Sulpukan

• “Sulpakan” is a cigarette
lighter that used air
mechanism.
• In 1887, Rizal gave this
invention to his friend Dr.
Ferdinand Bluementritt as
a gift.
 Rizal’s Invention
Wooden Brick Machine

• This invention of Rizal is capable of making 6,000 bricks per day.

• Rizal was the first to build this machine in the Philippines.
• “a project anticipating perhaps what was to be the first National
Housing Authority’s objective. With such a production output the
machine must been a sophisticated one,” Said by Mendoza on a
newspaper article.
 Rizal’s Contribution
After five years in Europe, he went home to the
Philippines in 1887. He operated on his mother’s eyes
to remove her cataracts; the surgery was successful
and was the first of its kind ever done in the Philippines.
His fame as an eye doctor spread quickly and people
began coming to him for treatment from all over the
Philippines and even from as far away as China. He
opened a clinic, sent away for equipment, charged
moderate fees and treated the poor free.
Rizal’s Contribution
House built by Rizal
• In Talisay, he built three distinct bamboo
and nipa houses. square, hexagon, and
octagonal shapes, which served as family
residence, chicken coop, and his pupils’
dormitory, respectively.
• In a letter to Ferdinand Bluementritt, Rizal
described his typical day in new home:
“I am going to tell you how we live here. I
have a square house, another hexagonal,
and another octagonal ----- all made of
bamboo, wood and nipa. In the square one
my mother, my sister Trinidad, a nephew,
and I live. In the octagonal my boys live ---
some boys whom I teach arithmetic,
Spanish, and English ----- and now then a
patient who has been operated on. In the
hexagonal are my chickens.”
 Rizal’s
Contribution
Water System Made by Rizal
• Rizal held the title of expert
surveyor (perito agrimensor),
which he obtained from the
Ateneo.
• In Dapitan, he applied his
knowledge of engineering
by constructing a system of
waterworks in order to furnish
clean water to the
townspeople.
 Rizal’s
Contribution
Relief Map
• Through the help of his
Jesuit teacher, Fr. Francisco
de Paula Sanchez, Rizal set
up a public plaza and
street lightning, and
constructed a huge relief
map of Mindanao in front
of parish church.
• It is now declared National
Historical Landmark by the
NHI and an important
cultural property by the
National Museum.
 Rizal’s Contribution
He obtained from Kalamba an improved type of fishing net that helped the
Dapitan fishermen improve their catch.

He imported farm machinery from the US for himself and local farmers.

He subscribed to the magazine Scientific American and ordered medicines

and pharmaceuticals from the US.

He collaborated with foremost scientists from Europe at that time. With his
students, he collected specimens of plants, animals and ethnographic
materials from Mindanao and sent them to his colleagues in Europe.
 Rizal’s Contribution
Rizal shared with us his philosophy and thinking about education
and science. Within the limits of the circumstances in Dapitan,
Rizal gave his students the key elements of his educational
goals: academic knowledge, industrial training, ethical
instruction, and physical development. He believed that moral
values were as important as knowledge itself; indeed, they were
the only assurance that knowledge will be used to help and
enlighten, rather than oppress men.
 REFERENCES:
• https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientist
• https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=what+is+a+scientist&oq=what+is+a+
scientist&aqs=chrome..69i57j0l5.5760j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
• https://www.google.com.ph/search?ei=CkHDW5r8D4T38QWe04mACA&q=
what+is+science&oq=what+is+science&gs_l=psy-
ab.3..0i67k1l2j0l8.525184.526182.0.526357.7.6.0.1.1.0.192.532.0j4.4.0....0...1c.1.6
4.psy-ab..2.5.535...0i20i263k1.0.dkXv6xGzgtU
• https://www.dataquest.io/blog/data-scientist-traits/
• https://www.scribd.com/presentation/359517287/Rizal-as-Scientist