PHYSICS PROJECT

ON Full Wave Rectifier

2018-2019

Name – Raj Ranjan

Class – XII, Sec – B
Board Roll No –
School – Manan Vidya School, Ranchi
 INDEX

1. AIM
2.ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
3. CERTIFICATE
4. INTRODUCTION
5. MATERIALS REQUIRED
6. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
7. WORKING
8. BIBLOGRAPHY
 AIM

“To construct a full wave rectifier and show

that Alternating Current is rectified into a
Direct Current”
 Acknowledgement

The project could have never been

possible without the support of various
sources. It is extremely impossible to
thank every individual who has helped
me in completing this project. Some
people have helped in the basic
formularization and there were sources
that helped me in giving the ideas a
physical form/shape. I am extremely
grateful to my mentor,
‘Mr. Nilanshu Kumar’ for his invaluable
guidance in the project right from the
beginning. His vital support helped the
project to take a logical and suitable
shape. I take this opportunity to thank
the School authorities, for extending
their full support and cooperation in the
project. Last but not the least; I would
like to thank everyone who has offered a
helping hand when required
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that RAJ RANJAN

(Roll_No:…..……) student of Class
XII,
Manan Vidya, School, Ranchi has
completed the project titled. “Full
Wave Rectifier” during the
academic
year 2018-19 towards partial
fulfillment
of credit for the Physics Project
evaluation of AISSCE 2019, and
submitted working model and
satisfactory report, as compiled in
the
following pages, under my
supervision.

_________________________
Teacher’s Signature
Introduction

A full wave rectifier is a device which is used to

rectify all the alternating current components in
an alternating supply and make it purely a
direct current. The two alternating halves of an
alternation current are rectified in a full wave
rectifier which is an advantage over a half wave
rectifier. Most electronic devices cannot
withstand very high voltage or alternating
current due to its intense high power. The use
of batteries in all devices is not practical as
their replacement and durability is a huge
problem as the device has to be dismantled
each time for such a replacement. So these
rectifiers are used in most of the electronic
devices like TV’s, Radios, Chargers, and
Lightings etc.
Materials required

1. Connecting wires
2. A plug
3. Single lead wire - 2m
4. 3 nuts & Bolts 2 to 3cm length
5. Circuit board
6. A Transformer
7. A capacitor
8. A Resistor (1 K Ω )
9. P-N junction diodes
10. A LED
11.Insulation tape, Blades, soldering wax,
soldering lead, soldering iron
&sand paper
Circuit Diagram

Connection details:
Connections are done as in the circuit.
The A.C. supply is given to both the
input wires of the transformer and the
two ends of the secondary coil is given
to the P side of the two diodes and the
N side of the diodes are twined and
then connected to one end of the
capacitor and the other end to the
center tap lead and to the resistor.
Further, the other end of capacitor with
the diode connect ion is connected to
the other end of the resistor. Connect 2
leads on both the ends of the resistor to
measure the output and this is
connected to the +ve & -ve terminals of
the bulb.
 Working

1st when the A.C. is supplied to the transformer, it steps down the
230V main supply to 6 volts. It has a capability of delivering a
current of 500mA. The 6 volts A.C. appearing across the
secondary is the RMS value and the peak value is 8.4 volts. During
the 1st half cycle of the A.C. input Diode D1 is forward biased
and a current ‘I’ flows in the circuit in the direction S 1D1 ABEOS1.
During this time diode D2 is reverse biased. So it does not
conduct any electric current. During the next half cycle, the
diodeD2 is forward and D1 is reversed. Hence D2 conducts
current in the direction S2D2 ABEOS2and D1 does not conduct
any current. In subsequent half cycles of the A.C current the
above processes are repeated.
In both the half cycles it is clear that current flows
through the resistor in only one direction ABE. Even though
the voltage across RL is unidirectional it will still contain a few
A.C components.This is filtered and made smooth using a
capacitor, which filters 99% of the A.C current. A resistor is
then used to adjust the output voltage. Capacitor also nearly
filters all A.C components from the supply and resistance is
adjusted for the required output. As this is a simple circuit,
only one capacitor and a resistance are being used. But there
will be slight factor of A.C. current still left in the output but it
is negligible. The output Direct Current and voltage lightup
the LED.
Bibliography
·

Physics – Textbook for XII (NCERT)

· Modern’s ABC of Physics
· Laboratory Manual (Rachna Sagar Pub.)
Encyclopedia