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  • Theory of International Economy: Classical Theory (L) : Wahyu Mulyana, S. Ip, M. Si

    Transféré par

    Ayrton Senna
    16 vues7 pages
    This document discusses the origins and definitions of socialism and communism. [1] Socialism emerged in the 19th century as a critique of liberal individualism and capitalism, with the goal of achieving equality and limiting private property. [2] Communism was first defined by Victor d'Hupay in 1777 as a system where people share economic and material resources for mutual benefit. It later grew as a political doctrine advocating for a classless society with state control over production and the elimination of private property, as outlined by Marx and Engels in The Communist Manifesto. [3] The key differences are that socialism allows for some private property and government decisions over basic resources, while communism eliminates private property and often involves totalitarian

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    This document discusses the origins and definitions of socialism and communism. [1] Socialism emerged in the 19th century as a critique of liberal individualism and capitalism, with the goal of achieving equality and limiting private property. [2] Communism was first defined by Victor d'Hupay in 1777 as a system where people share economic and material resources for mutual benefit. It later grew as a political doctrine advocating for a classless society with state control over production and the elimination of private property, as outlined by Marx and Engels in The Communist Manifesto. [3] The key differences are that socialism allows for some private property and government decisions over basic resources, while communism eliminates private property and often involves totalitarian

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    16 vues7 pages

    Theory of International Economy: Classical Theory (L) : Wahyu Mulyana, S. Ip, M. Si

    Transféré par

    Ayrton Senna
    This document discusses the origins and definitions of socialism and communism. [1] Socialism emerged in the 19th century as a critique of liberal individualism and capitalism, with the goal of achieving equality and limiting private property. [2] Communism was first defined by Victor d'Hupay in 1777 as a system where people share economic and material resources for mutual benefit. It later grew as a political doctrine advocating for a classless society with state control over production and the elimination of private property, as outlined by Marx and Engels in The Communist Manifesto. [3] The key differences are that socialism allows for some private property and government decisions over basic resources, while communism eliminates private property and often involves totalitarian

    Droits d'auteur :

    © All Rights Reserved
    Téléchargez comme PPTX, PDF, TXT ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
    Signaler comme contenu inapproprié
    sur 7

    Theory of International

    Economy: Classical Theory (L)


    Wahyu Mulyana, S. Ip, M. Si
    Introduction
    • In the period right after the French Revolution, activists and theorists
    like Francois Babeuf, Gabriel Morelly, Phillipe Buonarottu and Auguste
    Blanqui influenced the early French labour and socialist movements.
    • The original "utopian" socialists condemned liberal individualism for
    failing to address social concerns during the industrial revolution,
    including poverty, social oppression and gross inequalities in wealth,
    thus viewing liberal individualism as degenerating society into
    supporting selfish egoism that harmed community life through
    promoting a society based on competition.
    1. Socialism

    The word ‘socialism’ finds its root in:


    Sociare (latin): to combine or to
    share.
    Societas (Roman): companionship
    and fellowship.

    The term "socialism" was created by Henri de Saint-


    Simon, one of the founders of what would later be
    labelled “utopian socialism". Simon coined "socialism"
    as a contrast to the liberal doctrine of "individualism."
    • The term "socialism" is also attributed to Pierre
    Leroux and to Marie Roch Louis Reybaud in
    France. In Britain, to Robert Owen in 1837,
    father of the cooperative movement.

    • The modern definition and usage of "socialism"


    settled by the 1860s, becoming the
    predominant term among the group of words
    "co-operative", "mutualist" and "associationist.”

    So, the premise of Socialism is: government makes many economic decisions
    to achieve equality, government owns and control basic resources, limited
    private property
    2. Communism
    • The term "communism" was first coined and defined in its
    modern definition by the French philosopher and
    writer Victor d’Hupay. In his 1777 book Projet de
    Communaute Philosophe.
    Commune: Share all economic and material, so that alI may
    benefit.

    • Later, following the upheaval of the French


    Revolution, communism emerged as a political doctrine, with
    basic premises:
    1. Classless Society
    2. State Own Policy and Resources
    3. State (worker) control of means production
    4. no private property
    Communism grew out of the
    socialist movement in 19th-
    century Europe. As the Industrial
    Revolution advanced, socialist
    critics blamed capitalism.
    Foremost among these critics
    were Karl Marx and his
    associate Friedrich Engels. In
    1848, they offered a new
    definition of communism and
    popularized the term in their
    famous pamphlet The
    Communist Manifesto and Das
    Kapital
    Socialism VS Communism
    SOCIALISM COMMUNISM
    Sociare/societas commune
    1837 1848
    - Government own decisions and basic resources - Government own decisions and basic resources
    - Limited private property - Eliminating private property
    - Often support by totalitarian government

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