Tabulation

Method
 Tabulation Method
• STEP 1:
– Convert Minterm List (specifying f on) to Prime Implicant List
• STEP 2:
– Choose All Essential Prime Implicants
– If all minterms are covered
HALT
Else
GO To STEP 3
• STEP 3:
– Formulate the Reduced Cover Table Omitting the rows/cols of EPI
– If Cover Table can be Reduced using Dominance Properties, Go To Step 2
– Else Must Solve the “Cyclic Cover” Problem
1) Use Exact Method (exponentially complex)
2) Use Heuristic Method (possibly non-optimal result)

NOTE: “Quine-McCluskey” Refers to Using a “Branch and Bound” Heuristic

NOTE: “Petrick’s Method” is Exact Technique – Generates all Solutions
Allowing the Best to be Used
 Tabulation Method – STEP 1
1. Partition Prime Implicants (or minterms) According to Number of 1’s

2. Check Adjacent Classes for Cube Merging Building a New List

3. If Entry in New List Covers Entry in Current List – Disregard Current

List Entry

4. If Current List = New List

HALT
Else
Current List  New List
New List  NULL
Go To Step 1
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

m A B C Groups based on m AB C
0 0 0 0 no. of 1’s present
2 0 1 0 G0 0 000
3 0 1 1 G1 2 010
5 1 0 1 3 011
G2
7 1 1 1 5 101
G3 7 111
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

m ABC
G0 0 000
G1 2 010
3 011
G2
5 101
G3 7 111
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

m ABC
G0 0 000 * 0,2 0-0
G1 2 010 *
3 011
G2
5 101
G3 7 111
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

m ABC
G0 0 000 * 0,2 0-0
G1 2 010 * 2,3 01-
3 011 *
G2
5 101
G3 7 111
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

m ABC
G0 0 000 * 0,2 0-0
G1 2 010 * 2,3 01-
3 011 * 3,7 -11
G2
5 101
G3 7 111 *
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

m ABC
G0 0 000 * 0,2 0-0
G1 2 010 * 2,3 01-
3 011 * 3,7 -11
G2
5 101 * 5,7 1-1
G3 7 111 *
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

Give name to all P.I.

m ABC
G0 0 000 * 0,2 0-0 P1
G1 2 010 * 2,3 01- P2
3 011 * 3,7 -11 P3
G2
5 101 * 5,7 1-1 P4
G3 7 111 *
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

Construct Cover Table

m ABC 0 2 3 5 7
G0 0 000 * 0,2 0-0 P1 P1
G1 2 010 * 2,3 01- P2 P2
3 011 * 3,7 -11 P3 P3
G2
5 101 * 5,7 1-1 P4 P4
G3 7 111 *
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

Marks minterms which is covered by particular P.I

m ABC 0 2 3 5 7
G0 0 000 * 0,2 0-0 P1 P1 x x
G1 2 010 * 2,3 01- P2 P2 x x
3 011 * 3,7 -11 P3 P3 x x
G2
5 101 * 5,7 1-1 P4 P4 x x
G3 7 111 *
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

Extract All Essential Prime Implicants, EPI

EPIs are the PI for which a Single x Appears in a Column

0 2 3 5 7 P1 and P4 are EPIs

P1 x x
P2 x x
Reduced cover table
P3 x x
P4 x x
3 Choose any one P2 or P3
P2 x
P3 x

Ans: f = P1+P2+P4 =A’C’+A’B+AC

 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 6, 7)

m A B C Groups based on m AB C
0 0 0 0 no. of 1’s present
2 0 1 0 G0 0 000
3 0 1 1 G1 2 010
6 1 1 0 3 011
G2
7 1 1 1 6 110
G3 7 111
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

m ABC
G0 0 000
G1 2 010
3 011
G2
6 110
G3 7 111
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

m ABC
G0 0 000 * 0,2 0-0
G1 2 010 *
3 011
G2
6 110
G3 7 111
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

m ABC
G0 0 000 * 0,2 0-0
G1 2 010 * 2,3 01-
3 011 *
G2
6 110
G3 7 111
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

m ABC
G0 0 000 * 0,2 0-0
G1 2 010 * 2,3 01-
3 011 * 2,6 -10
G2
6 110 *
G3 7 111
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

m ABC
G0 0 000 * 0,2 0-0
G1 2 010 * 2,3 01-
3 011 * 2,6 -10
G2
6 110 * 3,7 -11
G3 7 111 *
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

m ABC
G0 0 000 * 0,2 0-0
G1 2 010 * 2,3 01-
3 011 * 2,6 -10
G2
6 110 * 3,7 -11
G3 7 111 * 6,7 11-
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

m ABC
G0 0 000 * 0,2 0-0 2,3,6,7 -1-
G1 2 010 * 2,3 01- *
3 011 * 2,6 -10
G2
6 110 * 3,7 -11
G3 7 111 * 6,7 11- *
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)

m ABC
G0 0 000 * 0,2 0-0 2,3,6,7 -1-
G1 2 010 * 2,3 01- * 2,6,3,7 -1-
3 011 * 2,6 -10 *
G2
6 110 * 3,7 -11 *
G3 7 111 * 6,7 11- *
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)
Duplicate PIs.
Consider one only
m ABC
G0 0 000 * 0,2 0-0 2,3,6,7 -1-
G1 2 010 * 2,3 01- * 2,6,3,7 -1-
3 011 * 2,6 -10 *
G2
6 110 * 3,7 -11 *
G3 7 111 * 6,7 11- *
 Example
f on = {m0 , m2 , m3, m5, m7} =  (0, 2, 3, 5, 7)
Name all PIs

m ABC
G0 0 000 * 0,2 0-0 2,3,6,7 -1-
G1 2 010 * 2,3 01- * Construct Cover Table
3 011 * 2,6 -10 * 0 2 3 6 7
G2
6 110 * 3,7 -11 * P1 X X X X
G3 7 111 * 6,7 11- * P2 X X

P1 and P2 are EPIs ANS: F1=B+A’C’