UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA ESTATAL DE QUEVEDO

FACULTAD DE CIENCIA DE LA INGENIERÍA

INGENIERÍA AGROINDUSTRIAL

Members :
Going green Coello Elias
Coello ginger
Rodriguez Jorge
Environmental impact Lojan Milton
Muñoz Violeta
Zambrano Lourdes
Zapata Kevin

Course: 7mo

Date: July 06, 2018

Proceso:

• Wood harvesting: Cutting of trees and removing all branches, leaving only the
main trunk
• Debarking:
Removal of tree barks.
• Obtaining fiber:
The logs are cut into small pieces to make it easier to obtain the maximum of
the vegetable fibers.
• Obtaining pasta:
This can be done in various ways and using various products, but one of the
most economical is water, although it is also common to use sodium
magnesium sulfate.
• Paste laundering:
The pasta thus formed passes through various additional processes such as
washing, filtering, drying and some others to the bleaching process to obtain
the desired tone.
• Introduction in Table of entry:
The pasta is placed thicker on metal meshes that move, where the paper will
gradually form as the pasta dries and releases water,
• Smoothing of pressed paper
The paper gets the desired thickness as it passes between rotating rollers
which in addition to the can print some marks, depending on the
manufacturer. The paper is then pressed between two felt-coated rollers to
extract even more water and then goes through another series of rollers
that are responsible for giving it the proper texture.
• Drying:
Hot rollers are responsible for the last stage of drying.
• Surface Treatment:
subsequently pass through other cold rollers that give it a final finish, in
addition to providing the brightness according to the type of paper.
Normally a stucco is made prior to its passage through the calender.
• Winding and cutting of paper
• Packaging
• Transportation
 Paper production and its impact on the environment
Paper's environmental impact is important, leading to changes in industry and
behavior, both in the personal and industry levels and in business.

Goodbye to Trees for paper consumption

In particular, every year 15 billion trees are lost, and if they keep things in 300 years
we will erase them from the planet. Also, let's take into account that paper
consumption is an indicator of development, so the future looks black.
Air pollution
Paper mills are great sources of air pollutants since they emit in the process of
production carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide.

The impact of paper on the environment continues even after it has been discarded
since once it is in landfills the paper has the potential to decompose and produce
methane, a greenhouse gas.
Water pollution

Wastewater from a pulp and paper plant contains solids, nutrients and organic matter
dissolved as lignin. It also contains alcohols, chelating agents, and inorganic materials
such as chlorates and transition metal compounds that are transported by residual
water to rivers and lakes, leading to contamination.

In the worst case it could lead to the extinction of different species that inhabit the
water, as could also generate diseases in societies that use that contaminated
resource.

Main problems of the environment

• Greenhouse effect/climate change/drought

• Deforestation/fire/erosion
• Extinction of animal and plant species/destruction of habitats
• Pollution of land, water and air/waste
Inglés

Solution to avoid contamination

Recycled Paper
Recycled paper is one that was made of items and paper products that have
already been used and recovered. The waste paper is subjected to a production
process to create new products of the same material without requiring freshly
extracted materials from nature. In order for the recycled paper to be called so it
has to include the materials that have been recovered after the initial
manufacturing process.

Replacement for sugar cane residues

Replace the eucalyptus or pine trees for the waste of sugar cane since only a
small amount of 'Moore's salt' is required, which is neutral and non-toxic, so that
the waste generated can be used in fertilizer for plantings “

water reuse with bleaching chemicals

Reuse the water with water purification treatments to separate the chemical
from the water to avoid contaminating rivers.