Prepared by:

Safaa Adel Hanfy.

Mohammed Reda Bker.
Mohamed Adel Hassan.
Mostafa Ahmed Hany.
Mostafa Mahmoud Nagi.
Amr Mahmoud.
Rana Gamal.
Ahmed Abdellatef.

DR/ Om kalthoum.
 :
Sub division Deutermycotina
• Geneeral characters of deuteromycotina:
• Fungi with known a sexual state but their perfect states are either unknown
or may be possibly lacking.
• Some fungi imperfect may produce several distinct types of conidial
apparatus and this poses proplems of which stage to use in giving the fungus
a name.
• Unrelated fungi may produce conidia state which are morphologically very
similar and such similarity similarity seems reasonable to classify them
together " this stage is termed (form genus).
• Although attempts have been made to produce a "natural " classification of
fungi imperfect , the formation on which to base such a system is
fragmentary and incomplete.
• Classification of beuteromycotina:
1. Blastomycetes: budding (yeast or yeast like) cells with
or without pseudomycellium characteristics, true
mycelium lacking or not well developed.
2. Hypomycetes: mycelium well developed ,assimilative
budding cells absent.
• Mycelium sterile or bearing spores directly or on special
branches "sporophores" which may be variously
aggregated but not in pycnidia or acervuli spores in
pycnidia or cervuli(coelomycete).
Types of conidial
development
1-thallic
Describe conidial development
where :
There is no enlargement of
conidium intial or it take place
after the initial has been
delimited by a septum or septa

2-blastic
Describe conidial development
where :
There is enlargement of
conidium intial befor it is
delimited by a
There are two types of
blastic development

1-holoblastic
Both of the outer and inner walls
of ablastic conidioganous cell
contribute toward the formation
of the conidia
Ex:cladosporium
When holoblastic conidiogenous
cell blowout at single point
it is called “monoblastic “
When holoblastic conidiogenous
cell blowout at several point it is
called “polyblastic”
ex:aureobasidium pullulans
2-Enteroblastic
Only inner walls of ablastic
conidioganous cell
contribute toward the
formation of the conidia
There are two types of
Enteroblastic
A-phialidic (more
common type of
enteroblastic development)
In which the conidia
develop in basipetal
succession from
specialized conidiogenous
cell called “phialide”
ex:penicillium & Asergillus
B-tretic type
The conidium develops by
the protrusion of the inner
wall through a chennal in
outere wall
There are narrow channals
in the wall through which
the cytoplasm passes to
developing conidium
Ex:Helminthosporiam
velutinum
*The wall of phialide deos not contribute to the wag in surrounding
The phialoconidium
*Most conidiophores grow in length only at their tips , but often at the
formation of the first conidium
*In other cases, after the first conidium is formed and has been detached,
the conidiophore continuous growth through the point of attachment &this
development described as “percurrent”
*holloblastic condigeneus cell with closely arranged ,perrcurrent annelation
are termed “annelids”(superficially they resemble phialide)
The condigenous cells bearing a succession of annelations is sometimes
termed “annellphore”
Conidial fraCtification (conidiometa)
micronematous: conidiophores little
differentiated from vegetative hyphae
macronematous: conidiophores well
differentiated from vegetative
hyphae
mononematous :conidiophore occur
singly.

Synnemata conidiophores aggregate to

form parallel bundles of closely hyphae
#conidia may be:
*unicellular.
*bicellular.
*multicellular. (may be divided by a septa in one to three planes)
#shape of the conidia may be:
*globose.
*elliptical.
*ovoid.
*cylindrical.
*branched.
*spirally coiled.
#The colour of the conidia (and the mycelium and the conidiophore):
#May be:
*hyaline. (colourless)
*brightly-coloured. (pink. , green.)
*dark. (due to Melanins)
the colour of the conidiophores and conidia are important features used in
classification.
Types of conidial fructification:
*conidial fructification(conidiomata)vary in complexity.
*due to the conidiophores are little differentiated from vegetative
hyphae.
*conidiophores may be:
-micronematous = when they are inconspicuous from vegetative hyphae.
-macronematous = when conidiophores are well-differantiated.
-mononematous = conidiophores occur singly.
-synnematous = where the conidiophores are aggregated to form parallel fascicles of closely
appressed hyphae.
*Fructification may be:
-acervulus :is a pseudoparenchymatous aggregation of hyphae which develops beneath the surface of a plant
host, and forms a superficial layer of conidiophores.
-pycnidium = pycnidia are flask-shape or globose fructification lined by conidiogenous cells and opening to the
exterior usually by a circular ostiole , pycnidia may be immersed in the tissues of the plant host, or may be
superficial. The pycnidia may be compound (several pycnidial cavities may be enclosed in a single fructification ,
the pycnidial stroma.
-synnema = bearing compact conidiophores which fuse together to form a strand , where conidia at the end or on
the edges.
-sporodochium = sporodochia is shorter aggregation of synnematous conidiophores.
The type of conidial fructification is used in classification of imperfecti
fungi(deuteromycetes)