Idea Poc Docs

IDEA POC
16/11/2015 TO 25/11/2015
© 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

Our Solutions …
GPS Glonass Beidou Galileo
Generate PTP/IEEE 1588 Wireless sync Frequency Other
Distribute IEEE-‐1588/PTP SyncE Wireless Sync
Refine
Harness
Precise time synchronization … we are the pulse in your

application
PAGE 2 © 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

The Company
◀ HQ: San Jose + R&D office in Stockholm (Sweden)

◀ Worldwide sales team in major countries [US, Europe, China,
India, S. Korea & Japan]
◀ Established world wide experts in precision timing solutions
• Precision timing technologies
• Time synchronization systems and subsystems
• Testing in real-‐world carrier networks
◀ Field-‐proven technology and solutions
• Large deployment in China Mobile
• Small cell deployment in Japan
• Integration with SOCs: TI and Cavium
• In Carrier Ethernet platforms for mobile backhaul

Team Strengths & Differentiation
◀ Member & contributor to emerging standards

• Represented in ITU-‐T (G.826x & G.827x evolution)
• Packet timing & networking IEEE groups
◀ Extensive expertise in testing & validation
• Actual performance testing (pre & post turn up)
• Trial support & trouble shooting
◀ Intellectual property & 7+ patents
◀ Performance optimization + system design
experience & expertise
Standard Requirements
ITU / 3GPP sync requirements:
Today 2016+
Standard GSM CDMA LTE-‐FDD LTE-‐TDD

5G
Precision 50 X 10-‐9 freq 3-‐10 µs 50 X 10-‐9 freq 1.5 µs
Backhaul 16 X 10-‐9 freq N/A (GPS) 16 X 10-‐9 freq 1.1 µs
Future upgrades Overlay LTE-‐Adv services

demand MBMS / eICIC / COMP-‐A 5 µs -‐0.5 µs
MBMS  Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services

eICIC 
 enhanced Inter-‐Cell Interference Coordination
CoMP-‐A Coordinated Multi-‐Point, Advanced

ITU-‐T Recommendations
G.826X –Frequency G.827X –Time & Phase
Agreed Consented Ongoing
Definitions G.8260
Definition & Metrics
G.8261 G.8271
Basics Sync in packet Networks - Time & Phase in packet Networks
Frequency
incl. in G.8261 G.8271.1

Jitter/Wander – SyncE Network PDV – Time/Phase
Network
Requirements
G.8261.1 G.8271.2 (Future)
Network PDV – Frequency Network limits partial support
G.8273.2 T-BC/TSC
G.8262 G.8272
SyncE (EEC) PRTC G.8273.3 T-TC
Clock
G.8273 G.8273.4 APTSC
G.8263
Slave Clock (PEC) Network Clocks
G.8264
SyncE (ESMC)
Methods G.8275
Architecture Time/Phase
G.8265
Architecture Frequency
G.8275.1
PTP Profile 1 – Time/Phase
G.8265.1 Eth Multicast
PTP Profile 1 – Frequency Full on timing support
IP unicast
Profiles No on timing support
G.8275.2
PTP Profile 2 – Time/Phase IP
unicast -Partial timing support

Network Topology of IDEA POC
8 NE GGOOKKUULLAAMM 10 NE MMEETA
TAGGUULILI
BANGALORE EoSDH REOGUMTER EoSDH IDU-‐E1G0M
00
PTP GM ECI (ALU) ECI (NEC)
ONE MW
APOLO HOSP. VIJAYA_CLE
5 NE NEC 400
IDU-‐400 (NEC IDU-‐400 EoSDH
1MW) (NEC) ECI
METAGULI_TVS
IDU-‐400 (NEC)
MARUTINAGAR ONE MW BRINDAVAN_EXT ONE MW

IDU-‐200 (NEC) NEC 200 IDU-‐400(NEC) NEC 400

Explained Terms
Term Explanation Causes & Effects

Asymmetry Difference between forward and reverse Uncorrectable without an
independent sync source
paths (usually NOT same)
Sync PTD One-‐way delay (latency) for PTP stream Greater delay  greater
asymmetry  greater time
sync error
Sync PDV Packet delay variation Larger PDV  larger packet

sync error; algorithms used to
improve performance in the face
of PDV

Test Results Summary
S/No. CATEGORY TEST ID No. OF NE/HOPES FREQ.OFFSET SYNC PDV SYNC PTD (LATENCY) ASYMMETRY
(SHORT
DURATION)
1 BANGALORE GOKULAM 1a 8 EoSDH 2ppb 9.905 us 12.214 ms 5.623 us

2 METAGULI 2a 18 EoSDH 14 ppb 21.250 us 7.260 ms 39.001 us
3 METAGULI_TVS 6a 19 (18EoSDH+1MW) 32 ppb 22.192 us 5.782 ms 39.595 us
4 APOLO HOSPITAL 13a 14 (13EoSDH+1MW) 122 ppb 19.565 us 12.804 ms 34.468 us
5 GOKULAM IP RAN ROUTER METAGULI 3a 10 EoSDH 14ppb 9.257 us 0.150 ms 25.943 us
6 MARUTINAGAR 4a 13 (10 EoSDH+3MW) 60ppb 17.373 us 6.149 ms 18.388 us
7 METAGULI_TVS 7a 11 (10 EoSDH+1MW) 14ppb 12.178 us 0.428 ms 28.531 us
8 BRINDAVAN_EXT 9a 12 (10 EoSDH+2MW) 21ppb 12.973 us .576 ms 18.23 us
9 VIJAYA CIRCLE 11a 5 EoSDH 65ppb 15.853 us NA NA
10 APOLO HOSPITAL 14a 6 (5EoSDH+1MW) 102ppb 17.682 us 0.617 ms 25.947 us
11 METAGULI FBER POP MARUTINAGAR 5a 3MW 53ppb 15.259 us 0.802 ms 16.386 us
12 METAGULI_TVS 8a 1MW 1ppb 7.683 us 0.285 ms -‐0.384 us
13 BRINDAVAN_EXT 10a 2MW 5ppb 8.556 us 0.432 ms -‐10.442 us
14 TILAKNAGAR FIBER POP NR_MOHALLA 12a 4MW 12ppb 40.632 us 0.756 ms 29.871 us

Results [with GM @ Bangalore]
FREQ.OFFSET in ppb SYNC PDV in μs
40 25
32 20 21.25 22.192
30
20 15
14 10 9.905
10 5
0 2
0
GOKULAM METAGULI METAGULI_TVS GOKULAM METAGULI METAGULI_TVS
BANGALORE BANGALORE
8 hops 8 hops 18 hops 18 hops + 1mw

18 hops 18 hops + 1mw
ASYMMETRY in μs SYNC PTD in ms

60 15
12.214
40 39.001 39.595 10
7.26 5.782
20 5
5.623 0
0
GOKULAM METAGULI METAGULI_TVS GOKULAM METAGULI METAGULI_TVS
BANGALORE BANGALORE

Test Topology: Gokulam EGM
8 NE GOKULAM 10 NE METAGULI
BANGALORE EoSDH GOKULAM
ROUTER EoSDH IDU-‐1000
PTP GM ECI EGM
(ALU) ECI (NEC)
ONE MW
5 NE NEC 400
1MW) (NEC) ECI
METAGULI_TVS
IDU-‐400 (NEC)


Results [with EGM @ Gokulam]
FRE. OFFSET in ppb SYNC PDV in us
80
20
60 60 17.373
15
40 12.178 12.973
10 9.257
20
14 14 21
5
0
METAGULI 0
METAGULI_TVS BRINDAVAN_EXT MARUTINAGAR METAGULI METAGULI_TVS BRINDAVAN_EXT MARUTINAGAR
GOKULAM RAN ROUTER GOKULAM IP RAN ROUTER
10 hops 10 hops + 10 hops + 10 hops + 10 hops + 10 hops + 10 hops +

10 hops
1mw 2 mw 3 mw 1mw 2 mw 3 mw
ASYMMETRY in us SYNC PTD in ms

7
30
28.531 6 6.149
25 25.943
5
20
18.23 18.388 4
15 3
10 2
5 1
0.15 0.428 0.576
0 0
METAGULI MARUTINAGAR METAGULI METAGULI_TVS BRINDAVAN_EXT MARUTINAGAR
METAGULI_TVS BRINDAVAN_EXT
GOKULAM IP RAN ROUTER GOKULAM IP RAN ROUTER

Test Topology: Metaguli EGM
8 NE GOKULAM 10 NE METAGULI
BANGALORE EoSDH GOKULAM METAGULI
ROUTER EoSDH IDU-‐1000
PTP GM ECI EGM EGM
(ALU) ECI (NEC)
ONE MW
5 NE NEC 400
1MW) (NEC) ECI
METAGULI_TVS
IDU-‐400 (NEC)


Results [with EGM @ Metaguli]
FREQ.OFFSET in ppb SYNC PDV in us
60 20
53
15 15.259
40
10 8.556
20 7.683
5
0 1 5 0
METAGULI_TVS BRINDAVAN_EXT MARUTINAGAR METAGULI_TVS BRINDAVAN_EXT MARUTINAGAR
METAGULI FBER POP METAGULI FBER POP
1mw link 2mw links 3mw links 1mw link 2mw links 3mw links

20 1
15 16.386 0.8 0.802
0.6
10 10.442
0.4 0.432
5 0.2 0.285
0 0.384 0
METAGULI_TVS BRINDAVAN_EXT MARUTINAGAR METAGULI_TVS BRINDAVAN_EXT MARUTINAGAR
METAGULI FBER POP METAGULI FBER POP
TEST RESULTS ANALYSIS
Different sites with GM & EGM

METAGULI_TVS
FRE. OFFSET in ppb SYNC PDV in us

40 25
22.192
32 20
30 15
20 10
12.178
14 7.683
10 5
0 1 0
BANGALORE GOKULAM METAGULI BANGALORE GOKULAM METAGULI EGM
GM 19NE EGM 11NE EGM 1NE GM 19NE EGM 11NE 1NE
METAGULI_TVS METAGULI_TVS

50 8
40 39.595 6 5.782
30 28.531 4
20
10 2
0 0.384 0 0.428 0.285
BANGALORE GOKULAM METAGULI EGM BANGALORE GOKULAM METAGULI EGM
GM 19NE EGM 11NE 1NE GM 19NE EGM 11NE 1NE
METAGULI_TVS METAGULI_TVS

BRINDVAN_EXT
FRE.OFFSET in ppb SYNC PDV in us
30 15
12.973
20 21 10 8.556
10 5
5
0 0
GOKULAM EGM METAGULI EGM GOKULAM EGM METAGULI EGM
BRINDAVAN_EXT BRINDAVAN_EXT
ASSYMETRY in us SYNC PTD in ms

20 18.23
15
1
10 10.442 0.576
5
0.5 0.432
0
0
BRINDAVAN_EXT BRINDAVAN_EXT

MARUTINAGAR
FREQ. OFFSET in ppb SYNC. PDV in us
65 18
17 17.373
60 60 16
55 53 15 15.259
50 14
45 GOKULAM EGM METAGULI EGM
GOKULAM EGM METAGULI EGM
MARUTINAGAR
MARUTINAGAR

19 8
18 18.388 6 6.149
17 4
16 16.386
2
15 0.802
0
MARUTINAGAR MARUTINAGAR

Results Analysis : Sites Vs. GM/EGM
MEASUEREMENT LOCATION GM/EGM LOCATION No. OF FREQ.OFFSET (SHORT SYNC PDV SYNC PTD ASYMMETRY
NE/HOPS DURATION) (LATENCY)
METAGULI_TVS BANGALOREGM 19 32 ppb 22.192 us 5.782 ms 39.595 us
GOKULAM EGM 11 14ppb 12.178 us 0.428 ms 28.531 us
METAGULI EGM 1 1ppb 7.683 us 0.285 ms 0.384 us
BRINDAVAN_EXT GOKULAM EGM 12 21ppb 12.973 us 0.576 ms 18.23 us
METAGULI EGM 2 5ppb 8.556us 0.432 ms 10.442 us
MARUTINAGAR GOKULAM EGM 13 60ppb 17.373 us 6.149 ms 18.388 us
METAGULI EGM 3 53ppb 15.259 us 0.802 ms 16.386 us

IMPACTS:
SITE BANGALORE GM GOKULAM EGM IMPROVEMENT METAGULI EGM IMPROVEMENT
FREQUENCY OFFSET:
METAGULI_TVS 32ppb 14ppb 18ppb 13ppb

1ppb
SYNC PDV:
10.01us 4.5us
METAGULI_TVS 22.19us 12.18us 7.68us
SYNC PTD:
METAGULI_TVS 5.78ms 0.43ms 5.35ms 0.15ms

0.28ms
ASYMMETRY:
METAGULI_TVS 39.59us 28.53us 11.06us 0.38us 28.15us

IMPACTS:
SITE GOKULAM EGM METAGULI EGM IMPROVEMENT
FREQUENCY OFFSET:
BRINDAVAN_EXT 21ppb 5ppb 16ppb

MARUTINAGAR 60ppb 53ppb 7ppb
SYNC PDV:
BRINDAVAN_EXT 12.97us 8.56us 4.41us

MARUTINAGAR 17.37us 15.26us 2.11us
SYNC PTD:
BRINDAVAN_EXT 0.58ms 0.43ms 0.15ms

MARUTINAGAR 6.15ms 0.80ms 5.35ms
ASYMMETRY:
BRINDAVAN_EXT 18.23us 10.44us 7.79us
MARUTINAGAR 18.39us 16.38us 2.01us

Result Analysis
Backbone ring performance

 acceptable
Large degradations observed
Freq sync delivery is acceptable in aggregation & access ring
Large number of hops +

eNode B Grand Master variable network & traffic +
GM deep in the n/w leads to resiliency & mw links  critical impact
performance issues:
GPS failure = severe sync impact [ex: failure
during Apollo site PoC]
PDV & asymmetry with too many hops – cannot
be handled even by improved algorithms
Micro-wave links contributes significantly to
degradation
Network not yet ready for phase delivery

(needed for LTE-A services)
Result Analysis [contd.]
eNode B Place edge GM

Edge Master Grand Master
Slave with PDV & asymmetry impacts
sophisticated improved significantly after
algorithm  can
placing Edge GM
further improve
performance

General Recommendations
◀ Microwave links have variable behavior based on environmental
effects such as weather
◀ Particularly problematic when there is no “wayside” channel which is low-
speed but fixed
◀ Microwave links should have BC / TC enabled (if supported)
◀ Careful with G.8263 suggestion of 150us floor variation – suitable
ONLY for frequency and requires ST3E+ oscillator
◀ Rule of thumb: Using a TCXO, the floor variation (i.e. PDV) can usually
be attenuated by a factor of 10
◀ PTP cannot correct for asymmetry…. Any asymmetry eats into the
1.1us allowance
◀ Wherever feasible use an APTSC (Assisted Partial Timing Support
Clock) solution
◀ Minimize number of PTP-unaware (no TC/BC) between Master and
Slave Clocks… keep source as close as possible to sink

Recommendations
◀ Network re-engineering to compensate large PDV &
asymmetry
◀ Microwave links should have BC / TC enabled
◀ PTP Edge GMs at the access network [ex: nodes like
Metaguli]
Expected Benefits:
◀ Lower PDV & asymmetry in n/w improve PTP sync to
eNodeB
◀ GPS failure impact minimized
◀ Make IDEA network “future ready” for Phase sync
delivery (1.1μs) for LTE-A services
QULSAR SOLUTION
Qg2 & sync end to end solution

Differentiation
Pico cell
1.5 us over 10-

hops in G.8261
test
Micro cell
Grand Master
Industry leading algorithms

mitigating network
disturbances & extracting
Macro cell accurate time
Multi-clock algorithms
optimizing performance
Innovative algorithms work
with low priced oscillators
Edge Sync
Pico cell
Higher accuracy &

greater resiliency
Micro cell
Low cost of ownership end to

end solution
Macro cell Optimized for ‘cluster sync’

deployment
Innovative end-to-end self-

healing sync network feature

Cluster Sync
Pico cell “cluster”

Higher accuracy &
greater resiliency
Micro cell
Low cost of ownership end to

end solution
Macro cell Optimized for ‘cluster sync’

deployment
Innovative end-to-end self-

healing sync network feature

Managed Timing Engine Portfolio
Module:
M series
Board: Local Gateway Master

P series (system)
Qg 2
Technology &
Design
licensing

Innovative Features
Optimized for deployment at the network edge
ToD
GNSS Frequency
PTP PTP
SyncE
SyncE
Position / location
Self organizing resilient

Qulsar
sync network
slave
Multiple holdover options
Scalable (slave handling)
Self healing robust sync* * Only with Qulsar
Management slaves
Metrics
Technical Details
Features Benefits
Built in GNSS receiver with multiple
holdover options Small form factor, simpledesign
Full IEEE 1588 – 2008 Grandmaster Low cost of operation
Supports G.8265.1/.2 frequency Unique management to dramatically

standard & G.8275.1 time & phase reduce complexity
standard
Scalable and flexible deployments
Supports IEEE PC37.238 Power
profile
Applications
Supports 1-‐step & 2-‐step clock
Hetnets & Small cell clusters
LED indicator status Backhaul synchronization
Remote provisioning & Smart grid networks

management with CLI & SNMP
Industrial internet of things

Future: XML / web interface

Datasheet Excerpt – Qg2
Product Images PTP Master • Accuracy with GNSSas reference, better than
±25ns
• Unicast capacityscalable: 32 / 64 / 128 slaves
(optional)
Holdover • 2hrs 1.5us/16ppb 24 hrs

(customizable) • 4hrs 1.5us/16ppb 24 hrs
• 8hrs 1.5us/16ppb 24 hrs
Other Software • DHCP client
Features • FTP/TFTP server
• TELNET server
• SSH server
Input • 1x GNSS L1 Antenna (SMA) • Serial terminal
• PTP (in Gateway mode) • Remote firmware upgrade
• Synchronous Ethernet • Command line interface configuration (Telnet,
• 1x IEEE1588 (RJ45) on10/100/1000BaseT SSH or serial port terminal)
Output
• Synchronous Ethernet Management • RemoteCLI & SNMP via Ethernet
• Local console
Other • 1 PPS out (BNC) up to2 kHz with 1 µs resolution
Interfaces • 1x syntonized frequency(BNC), configurable as 5, Diagnostics • LED indicator -‐Power status, GPS Acquisition,
10, 20 or 25 MHz. Ethernet Port link activity
• 1x ToD out (RJ45), 4800/9600 baud onRS232D
with configurable format • Supply: 5V+/-‐10%
• 1x Console(RJ45)
Operating
Specifications
Profiles • ITU-‐T G.8265.1 frequency delivery profile
• ITU-‐T G.8275.1 time/phasedelivery profile (Full Operating • 0o C to 70oC
Timing Support) temperature
Size • 120 mm x 103 mm x 30 mm

Motivation
Small cells
GNSS
PTP / 1588 Qg 2 Grand Master
Qg 2
Micro cell Qg2:
 Small form factor, highly scalable GM +
GNSS Qg 2
Gateway clock
 Can be deployed quickly & universally
Macro cell
 Uses multiple inputs to provide robust sync
 Supplements GNSS sync to enable robust
‘assisted holdover’ without expensive
OCXOs
“Cluster” Sync
0.3-0.5 μs inter-
cell sync
+ special syncE ‘aware’
oscillator (optional)

 Minimize hops
 Use syncE aware switches / routers
Micro cell  Use T-BC switches (full on-path
support)
Qg 2
Macro cell
Precise synchronization over Ethernet backhaul
for small cells / C-RAN deployments

Self-‐Healing Sync Network
Uses: Unique Qulsar patented end-to-
end technology
Micro cell
X  Enables robust, accurate cluster sync
 Leverages deployed GNSS installations
Qg 2  Very effective for larger clusters
 When primary GNSS input to EGM fails

Macro cell  Selects a QLSR slave with GNSS (changes that
Ordinary clock to master mode)
 Uses GNSS input to stabilize entire cluster
 Only possible with QLSR embedded slave technology
C-‐RAN
◀ Separation of eNodeB into Base band unit

(BBU) & Remote radio-‐head (RRH)
◀ Demand extremely precise sync (100 ns = 0.1
μs)
◀ Design inexpensive system with TCXO at RRH &
any switched node
◀ Goal: 0.1 μs phase & <1 ppb between BBU &
RRH

C-‐RAN Sync Solution 1
High precision QLSR slaves
0.1 μs intra-BBC
-RRH sync RRHs SyncE locked TCXO
Gateway clocks / co-‐

located EGMs
…
BBU Edge Gateway
Expanded logical
picture:
BBCs
Slave
RSRla
Hve
RRHs
RRH …
(slaves) Backhaul (GM)
= Switch
BBU © 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

PAGE 38
C-‐RAN Sync Solution 2
High precision QLSR slaves
0.1 μs intra-BBC
-RRH sync RRHs T-‐BCs
Gateway clocks / co-‐

located EGMs
…
BBU Edge Gateway
Expanded logical
picture:
BBCs
Slave
RSRla
Hve
RRHs
RRH …
(slaves) Backhaul (GM)
= Switch
BBU © 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

PAGE 39
Sync for C-‐RAN
◀ Boundary clock in every BBU-‐card (BBC) or co-‐locate EGM

◀ BBU has holdover capability (and maybe linked to GM / EGM)
◀ Recommend high performance QLSR module in BBUs
◀ Use high performance slave with TCXO in RRHs
◀ BBU to RRH link switches must support syncE & over GbE
◀ Use special disciplined TCXOs at link switches / routers
◀ Low cost of small-‐cell solution + lower cost of total solution

Monitoring System
Sync Fractional
Embedded Sync Monitoring: Topology Frequency Offset
Each embedded clock reports its
metrics to the host system
MTIE TIE
Operator sync
deduction & Network Management &
decision engine NMS / OSS “plug in”
Macro cell Local Sync Monitoring:
PTP metrics reported from slave
(Time error, floor etc.)
Self healing / alternative master Full network sync Monitoring:
status Sync network topology GNSS
GNSS signals from slaves monitored signal monitoring / problem
Asymmetry monitoring reports
Local oscillator performance GNSS jamming detection
monitoring PTP performance monitoring
In-building cluster Local area performance reports
GNSS Tether
Qulsar wireless tether can

distribute GNSS sync to Qg
2
Qg 2 has to be
deployed where
GNSS does not
penetrate
Uses patented Qulsar wireless sync technology for

“tethering”

Small cell cluster (ex 1)
IEEE 1588 PTP
Pico-cell cluster,
Pico Cells
uses GNSS
wherever visible
any cell can be
GM
Ethernet
Backhaul EPC
Access Device
Fiber
PTP Slave Clock
PTP Boundary Clock
Local Gateway Master

Small cell cluster (ex 2)
IEEE 1588 PTP
Pico Cells
Qg 2
Ethernet
Backhaul EPC
Access Device
Fiber
PTP Slave Clock
PTP Boundary Clock

Network edge & backhaul
Macro Cell
IEEE 1588 PTP
Qg 2
CE Demarcation Device
Backhaul EPC
PTP Slave Clock
Micro Cells PTP Boundary Clock

Pico Cells

Macro Cluster
Macro Cell
IEEE 1588 PTP
Qg 2
Pico Cells
Micro Cells
LTE Fiber Backhaul EPC
Gateway/
Demarcatio
PTP Slave Clock
n Device
PTP Boundary Clock
PTP Local Gateway

Master
Roadmap
Qg4
Qg2
EGM
• 32/64 /128 slaves • Multi-sync inputs
• Multiple h/o options • Wireless Sync
• GNSS (GPS & Beidou) + PTP • Performance Metrics
• 8-10 slaves enhancements
• Multiple h/o options + SyncE
• Output PTP/SyncE • Positioning server
• Input GPS only • Enhanced indoor coverage and
• Output PTP/SyncE • Optical GE (optional)
• SNMP + CLI Mgmnt. positioning (Alternative satellite
• No management interface inputs)
• POE • POE
• Sync Performance Metrics
• VLAN tagging
Q4 2015 Q1 2016 Q3 2016

Conclusion
◀ A completetime synchronization solution

• Customer can focus on core technology
• Support for trials & testing with end customer
◀ Market ready solution
• Rapid time to market
• Flexible solution – adaptable for multiple applications
◀ Expertise & technology
• Industry expertise with own developed core technologies
• Standards awareness, compliance and continuous support

THANK
YOU

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IDEA POC

© 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

GPS Glonass Beidou Galileo

Generate PTP/IEEE 1588 Wireless sync Frequency Other

Distribute IEEE-‐1588/PTP SyncE Wireless Sync

Precise time synchronization … we are the pulse in your

PAGE 2 © 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

◀ HQ: San Jose + R&D office in Stockholm (Sweden)

PAGE 3 © 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

◀ Member & contributor to emerging standards

Standard GSM CDMA LTE-‐FDD LTE-‐TDD

Future upgrades Overlay LTE-‐Adv services

MBMS  Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services

PAGE 5 © 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

incl. in G.8261 G.8271.1

PAGE 6 © 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

MARUTINAGAR ONE MW BRINDAVAN_EXT ONE MW

PAGE 7 © 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

Term Explanation Causes & Effects

Sync PDV Packet delay variation Larger PDV  larger packet

PAGE 8 © 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

1 BANGALORE GOKULAM 1a 8 EoSDH 2ppb 9.905 us 12.214 ms 5.623 us

PAGE 9 © 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

8 hops 8 hops 18 hops 18 hops + 1mw

ASYMMETRY in μs SYNC PTD in ms

PAGE 10 © 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

MARUTINAGAR ONE MW BRINDAVAN_EXT ONE MW

PAGE 11 © 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

10 hops 10 hops + 10 hops + 10 hops + 10 hops + 10 hops + 10 hops +

ASYMMETRY in us SYNC PTD in ms

PAGE 12 © 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

MARUTINAGAR ONE MW BRINDAVAN_EXT ONE MW

PAGE 13 © 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

ASYMMETRY in us SYNC PTD in ms

PAGE 15 © 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

FRE. OFFSET in ppb SYNC PDV in us

ASYMMETRY in us SYNC PTD in ms

PAGE 16 © 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

ASSYMETRY in us SYNC PTD in ms

PAGE 17 © 2016 QULSAR, INC. All Rights Reserved.

ASYMMETRY in us SYNC PTD in ms

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METAGULI_TVS BANGALOREGM 19 32 ppb 22.192 us 5.782 ms 39.595 us

GOKULAM EGM 11 14ppb 12.178 us 0.428 ms 28.531 us

METAGULI EGM 1 1ppb 7.683 us 0.285 ms 0.384 us

BRINDAVAN_EXT GOKULAM EGM 12 21ppb 12.973 us 0.576 ms 18.23 us

METAGULI EGM 2 5ppb 8.556us 0.432 ms 10.442 us

MARUTINAGAR GOKULAM EGM 13 60ppb 17.373 us 6.149 ms 18.388 us

METAGULI EGM 3 53ppb 15.259 us 0.802 ms 16.386 us

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METAGULI_TVS 32ppb 14ppb 18ppb 13ppb

METAGULI_TVS 5.78ms 0.43ms 5.35ms 0.15ms

METAGULI_TVS 39.59us 28.53us 11.06us 0.38us 28.15us

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BRINDAVAN_EXT 21ppb 5ppb 16ppb

BRINDAVAN_EXT 12.97us 8.56us 4.41us

BRINDAVAN_EXT 0.58ms 0.43ms 0.15ms

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Backbone ring performance

Large number of hops +

Network not yet ready for phase delivery

eNode B Place edge GM

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