SYNTHESIS OF SYNTHESIS MEDICINE OF

COMPOUND OF ANTRACUINON FROM VANILIN

AND FTALATE ANHIDRIDA USING AlCl3 CATALYST

• Group :

• Abi Aufa (E0016001)

• Afina (E0016002)
• Ana Kartika (E0016005)
• Daisa Mei Yuni Yanti (E0016011)
 Anthraquinone is one of the secondary
metabolites including phenolic quinone which in its
biosynthesis comes from phenol derivatives.
Anthraquinone is a high melting point crystal
compound, can dissolve in organic and basic solvents
by forming red violet color (Robinson, 1991; Herbert,
1989).
• The synthesis of anthraquinone through
Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction by reacting
substituted phthalic anhydride and benzene using
lewic acid catalysts such as AlCl3, BF3, FeCl3, Sc
(OTf) 3 and TiCl4, (Dhananjeyan et al., 2005; Bensari
and Zaveri, 2003 )
 Definition of Vanilin
• Vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-Methoxybenzaldehyde)

Vanillin is one of the phenolic compounds with

aldehyde groups which have antioxidant and
antimicrobial activity that are potential to be used as
preservatives (Walton et al, 2003).
 VANILIN SYNTHESIS
• Vanillin can be obtained from vanilla plants which
are extracted with ethanol solvents or from soft
wood which is oxidized with nitrobenzene in alkalis
(Sjostrum, 1998)

• Synthetically, vanillin can be made from guaiakol,

safrol, protokatekhuat aldehyde, glucoside,
coniferin, and eugenol. Vanillin can also be obtained
from oxidative degradation of lignin in alkaline
conditions and 21-23% results are obtained.

• The vanillin oxidation reaction attacks the aldehyde

group to produce derivatives of carboxylic acid,
namely vanillic acid.
 Understanding Phthalate Anhydride

• Phthalate is a compound or chemical commonly

used as a plasticizer, with the aim of providing
flexibility and durability in polymers, such as in
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC).
• Anhydride is a derivative of carboxylic acid, so it can
be called carboxylic acid anhydride.
 SYNTHESIS Phthalate Anhydride

• the formation of anhydrous acid cannot be formed

directly from the parent carboxylic acid, but must be
made from a more reactive carboxylic acid
derivative.
• One is from acid chloride and a carboxylic. Another
way to become anhydrides is to treat carboxylic
acids and acetic acid anhydride. Anhydrides are
more reactive than carboxylic acids and can be used
to synthesize ketones, esters or amides.
 Derivate antrhaquinone
• Anthracinone is a glycoside that is usually present in plants as
hydloxylated, titrated, or carboxylated anthraquinone
derivatives.
• Anthraconone containing a carboxylic group (rein) can be
extracted by the addition of bases, for example with sodium
bicarbonate. The results of anthraquinone reduction are
antron and antranol, which are free in nature or as glycosides.
 Synthesis of Vanillin and Phthalate Anhydrous
Antrakuinone Derivatives

• Synthesis (derived from Greek syn = added and

thesis = position)
• Synthesis is a chemical reaction to form compound
molecules, in pharmacy, the focus is on drug
compounds, as we know there are many chemical
compounds, but not all of them are drugs, there are
certain criteria for being a drug.
 Benefits of Anthraquinone derivatives

• The anthraquinone glycoside is a cathartic stimulant

by increasing the pressure of smooth muscle in the
large intestinal wall

• Anthracon can cause heartburn and discomfort. Use

of Katartika or laxative, coloring, and antibacterial.
(Bartnik M and Facey PC, 2017)