THEORY AND

PRACTICE
Map made as a result of a cadastral survey
drawn to appropriate scale and showing all
land parcels and important natural and
man-made features within municipality for
purposes of describing and recording
ownership.

Ans. Cadastral Map

Set of records about parcels of land
consisting of a spatial reference and the
related information on the area,
ownership/claims, value and use of land
primarily for taxation.

Ans. cadastre
Establishment of the permanent forestland
and protected area boundaries by
conducting actual ground survey.

Delimitation survey
The standard generic term for satellite
navigation systems that provide
autonomous geo-spatial positioning with
global coverage.

Ans. GNSS – global navigation

satellite system
The official recording of land ownership
based on legal documents submitted to the
register of deeds for the province or city
where the land is located.

Ans. Land registration

The description of a land parcel with its
boundary directions and distances,
together with a note of adjacent property
owners, their lot numbers and other
relevant natural man-made features.

Ans. Metes and bound

Any concrete object that is set permanently
in the ground to mark the position of a
point or a boundary corner.

Ans. monument
Deeds or other documentary evidence of
title ownership to land

Ans. Muniments of title

Document recording the boundary
adjudication agreement by all concerned
and participating claimants or owners,
….,indicating and describing the
boundaries of a land parcel…

Ans. Parcel information sheet

Properties owned by the state but are not
intended for public service or for the
development of the national wealth.

Ans. Patrimonial property

Map where all lots subject for verification
and approval are plotted to determine
cases of overlaps with previously approved
plans.

Ans. Projection map

Point appropriately marked on the ground
with an established horizontal and vertical
position.

Ans. Reference point

A two dimensional map showing the metes
and bounds of a surveyed parcel of land
and other pertinent information.

Ans. Survey plan

Collective documents submitted by GE as a
result of the survey conducted and other
relevant documents as may be required.

Ans. Survey returns

Number exclusively assigned to a land
parcel in reference to its physical spatial
position on the land information sheet.

Ans. Unique parcel identifier

Survey conducted to determine the
horizontal and vertical positions of points
w/c will form part of a geodetic network or
project controls.

Ans. Control surveys

Survey conducted covering extensive
areas…corrections

Ans. Geodetic control survey

Survey conducted to establish the position
of points of reference for projects with
limited geographic coverage..third order
(secondary control)…

Ans. Project control survey

Survey made to determine the metes and
bounds of all parcels within an entire
municipality for land registration purposes.

Ans. Cadastral survey

Cadastral survey wherein the bearings and
distances of the individual lots are
determined from the computations based
on the actual ground survey

Ans. Numerical cadastre

Cadastral survey wherein the bearings and
distances of the individual lots are
determined using transit and stadia, scaling
from photo map, and other graphical
methods.

Ans. Graphical cadastre

Subdivision of A&D lands covering an area
of more than 1,500 has.

Ans. Public land subdivision

Comprised of all classes of surveys of
isolated parcels of land used for
agricultural, res’l, com’l,resettlement or
other purposes covering areas not more
than 1,500 has.

Ans. Isolated surveys

Surveys covering untitled undecreed
properties by changing the number of lots
thereof w/o affecting the original technical
description of the boundary.

Ans. Amendment survey

Relative error for primary control of project
control.

Ans. 1/20000
Relative error for secondary control for
project control.

Ans. 1/10000
Relative error for tertiary control of project
control.

Ans. 1/5000
Linear error for primary control of project
control.

Ans. 5cm/km
Linear error for secondary control of
project control.

Ans. 10cm/km
Linear error for tertiary control of project
control.

Ans. 20cm/km
Vertical accuracy for project control,
primary control.

Ans. 12 d^1/2
Area for primary control of project control.

Ans. Over 15,000 has

Area for secondary control of project
control.

Ans. 1500 – 15000 has

Area for tertiary control of project control.

Ans. Less than 1,500 has

A horizontal line on a vein or stratum, on
the bearing of such a line.

Ans. strike
A portion of the surface of the undisturbed
rock formation w/c is included between
the walls or sides of mineral deposits.

Ans. apex
Small nail or hook in the roof

Ans. spad
Distance between two parts of the same
vein, measured along a strike.

Ans. heave
Angle which beds on strata are inclined
from the horizontal.

Ans. dip
An approximately horizontal underground
passage.

Ans. adit
Preliminary passageway driven for
exploration.

Ans. heading
Portion of the vein exposed at the surface.

Ans. outcrop
A horizontal opening in or near a mineral
deposit and parallel to the course of the
vein.

Ans. drift
A principal opening through which mineral
is exploited.

Ans. shaft
Spacing of stations not to exceed, primary
control, triangulation.

Ans. 1-3km
Spacing of stations not to exceed,
secondary control, triangulation.

Ans. 1km
Spacing of stations not to exceed, tertiary
control, triangulation.

Ans. As required/consistent w/ good

sighting
Angular observations w/ 1 second
theodolite, primary control, triangulation.

Ans. 2
Angular observations w/ 1 second
theodolite, secondary control,
triangulation.

Ans. 2
Angular observations w/ 1 second
theodolite, tertiary control, triangulation.

Ans. As required
Triangle closure not to exceed, base
measurement, primary control,
triangulation.

Ans. 5’’
Triangle closure not to exceed, base
measurement, secondary control,
triangulation.

Ans. 10’’
Spacing of stations not to exceed, tertiary
control, triangulation.

Ans. 30’’
Spacing of stations not to exceed,
secondary control, triangulation.

Ans. 1km
Spacing of stations not to exceed,
secondary control, triangulation.

Ans. 1km
The reversion of the property to the
government when the owner dies without
having a will or heirs.

Ans. Escheat
The reversion of the property to the
government when the owner dies without
having a will or heirs.

Ans. Escheat
The reversion of the property to the
government when the owner dies without
having a will or heirs.

Ans. Escheat
The reversion of the property to the
government when the owner dies without
having a will or heirs.

Ans. Escheat
The reversion of the property to the
government when the owner dies without
having a will or heirs.

Ans. Escheat