NTPC- The Power Giant

Ø It is the largest power generating

company in INDIA.
Ø Established in NOV’ 1975.
Ø Has installed capacity of 29,394 MW.
Ø It has 15 Coal based, 7 Gas based and 4
Power Stations in joint ventures.
Ø It plans to be a 75000 MW company by
2017.
Ø It has diversified into hydro power, coal
mining, power equipment
manufacturing, power trading and
distribution.
 POWER GENERATION AT
BADARPUR THERMAL
POWER PLANT
• Coal is used to boil the water.
• The steam produced is used to spin a
turbine.
• This turbine drives an electrical
Sr. no. Capacity No. of Total
generator.
1. 210 MW generators
2 Capacity
420 MW
2. 95 MW 3 285 MW
Cont
.
• There are three main units of the
power plant.
i. Steam generator or boiler
ii.Steam turbine
iii.Electric generator
• Thermal power plant works on the
principle that depend upon the
above three units.
COAL HANDLING PLANT
 WHAT IS C.H.P
• A coal handling plant is a facility that
washes coal of soil and rock.
• Removes the impurities after passing
the coal from different stages.
• It is the major part of thermal power
plant.
• Coal before entering the furnace
follows different stages such as
coal handling, sampling,
washability, crushing, screening,
metal separation.
MAJOR COMPONENTS OF
C.H.P
 WAGON TIPPLER
• Wagons from coal yard
come to the tipplers and
are emptied here
• The process is performed
by slip-ring motor of
rating
55KW,415V,1480RPM.
• This motor turns the
wagon by 135 degrees
and the coal falls
directly on the conveyer
belt.
•
CO N V EY
ER
• There are 14 conveyers in the plant.
• They are 1m wide,3cm thick and made of chemically
treated vulcanized rubber and move with speed of 250-
300m/min.
• Motors employed for conveyers has a capacity of 150hp.
• Have a capacity of carrying a coal at the rate of 400 tons
per hour.
• Few are double belt so that if a belt develops any problem
then the process is not stalled.
• It also has a switch after every 25-30m to stop belt in case
of emergency.
• The max angular elevation of conveyer is designed such
that its about 20 degrees.
• ZERO SPEED SWITCH- It is a safety device for motors i.e. if
belt is not moving and motor is on then the switch
checks the speed of the belt and switches off the motor
COAL HANDLING

• Coal collected is then

passed through the
conveyer belt to the
large field.
• The coal needs to be
stored at these
larger fields.
• The field consists of
coal, rocks,
minerals,
contaminations etc.
• Coal handling is the
larger part of bulk
material handling
and is a complex
and vital part of
CHP.
SAMPLING OF COAL

• It is one of the important

part of the process.
• A routine sample is taken
at a set frequency.
• A coal sampling consists of
samplers, crushers,
motors and feeders.
• During wash ability a
liberation process takes
place in which physical
breakage is required to
separate material of
different densities.
SCREENING AND
SEPARATION

• Screens are used to

group process
particles into
ranges by size.
• Dewatering screen is
done which
removes water
from the product.
• It can be static or
mechanically
vibrated.
• Screen decks can be
made from
materials high
tensile strength,
stainless steel or
 MAGNETIC
SEPARATION
• It is used to separate any metal
pieces from the coal.
• This process takes place before the
coal is being sent through the
conveyer belt for crushing.
• The capacity of this device is around
50kg.
 COAL CRUSHER

• To ensure that the coal is of uniform

size it is passed through crusher.
• The crusher is of ring type.
• Has a motor rating of 400HP, 606KV.
• It is designed to crush the pieces to
20mm size.
PULVERIZER

• Pulverization takes place

in two stationary
rollers and a power
driven boul.
• Its main functions are
ü Drying of coal
ü Grinding
ü Separation of particles
of the desired size
• Coal is thus pulverized
to increase its surface
exposure thus
permitting rapid
combustion.
ü
 ADVANTAGES OF
PULVERIZATION

• It becomes easy to burn wide variety

of coal.
• Powdered coal has more heating
surface area.
• High rates of combustion.
• Rate of combustion can be adjusted
to meet varying loads.
• High temperature can be produced in
the furnace.
 Diagram of Coal based thermal
power plant
 Coal is conveyed in a pulverized fuel mill.
 This coal is mixed with pre heated air.
 The hot air- fuel mixture is forced at high pressure into
boiler where it ignites.
 The water flows along the tube lined wall of the boiler.
 This water is then turned into steam due to the ignited
mixture.
 The steam is superheated where its temperature and
pressure rapidly increases.
 Diagram of Coal based thermal
power plant
 This steam is then piped to the high pressure turbine.
 The three phase turbine process starts.
 The steam exhausted is returned to boiler reheater,it is
then passed through intermediate and then low
pressure turbine.
 Now the exiting steam is brought in contact with cold
water pumped in from cooling towers inside the
condenser.
ANY
QUERIES