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Bearing Capacity Failure
Civil Engineering - Texas Tech University
Transcosna Grain Elevator Canada
(Oct. 18, 1913)
Civil Engineering - Texas Tech University
s c tan ϕ cohesion
angle of internal friction
Mohr-Coulomb Failure Criterion
Shear
Strength,S
=
C
Normal Stress, n = = γh
General State of Stress
σ3 σ3
Minor principle stress
Confining stress
σ1
State of Stresses in Soils
σ1
Determination of Shear Strength
Parameters
The shear strength parameters of a soil are
determined in the lab primarily with two types of tests;
Direct Shear Test
Normal stress σ
n
1 Shear stress σ3
Soil
3
Direct Shear Test
Direct shear test is Quick and Inexpensive
Shortcoming is that it fails the soil on a
designated plane which may not be the
weakest one
Used to determine the shear strength of both
cohesive as well as non-cohesive soils
ASTM D 3080
Direct Shear Test (cont.)
The test equipment consists of
a metal box in which the soil Normal stress σn
specimen is placed
The box is split horizontally
into two halves Shear stress σ
3
Residual Strength
Direct Shear Test Data
Volume change
H
Direct Shear Test (Procedure)
1.Measure inner side or diameter of shear box and find the area
2.Make sure top and bottom halves of shear box are in contact and
fixed together.
3.Weigh out 150 g of sand.
4.Place the soil in three layers in the mold using the funnel.
Compact the soil with 20 blows per layer.
5.Place cover on top of sand
6.Place shear box in machine.
7.Apply normal force. The weights to use for the three runs are
2 kg, 4 kg, and 6 kg if the load is applied through a lever arm, or 10
kg, 20 kg, and 30 kg, if the load is applied directly.