Department of Mechanical Engineering

Presentation On COMPOSITE MATERIALS

PRESENTED BY:-
Chirag Gupta
Aniket Chopra
 1.
 1. INTRODUCTION
 2. SIGNIFICANCE
 3. LIMITATIONS
 4. BEHAVIOUR
 5. APPLICATIONS
 6. CONCLUSION
 A material system composed of
two or more physically distinct
phases whose combination
produces aggregate properties
that are different from those of its
constituents are termed as
composite materials.
 Cemented carbides (WC with Co binder)
 Plastic molding compounds containing fillers
 Rubber mixed with carbon black
 Wood (a natural composite as distinguished from a
synthesized composite)
 Composites can be very strong and stiff, yet
very light in weight, so ratios of
strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight are
several times greater than steel or aluminum
 Fatigue properties are generally better than for
common engineering metals
 Toughness is often greater too
 Composites can be designed that do not
corrode like steel
 Possible to achieve combinations of properties
not attainable with metals, ceramics, or
polymers alone
 High Strength
 Light Weight
 Design Flexibility
 Consolidation of Parts

 Net Shape Manufacturing

 Properties of many important composites are
anisotropic - the properties differ depending on
the direction in which they are measured – this
may be an advantage or a disadvantage
 Many of the polymer-based composites are subject
to attack by chemicals or solvents, just as the
polymers themselves are susceptible to attack
 Composite materials are generally expensive
 Manufacturing methods for shaping composite
materials are often slow and costly
 Common engineering materials are homogeneous and
isotropic.
 Homogeneous - properties are independent of the position
in the material.
 Isotropic – properties are independent of orientation at a
point in the material.
 Composite materials are commonly heterogeneous and
nonisotropic.
 Heterogeneous – properties are a function of position in
material.
 Orthotropic – properties are different in three mutually
perpendicular (x,y,z) directions at a point in the material.
 Anisotropic – properties are different in all directions at a
point in the material.
 It is a composite material which consists of a
mixture of stones, chips and sand bound
together by cement.
 It is strong but brittle and weak in tension.
Steel is strong in tension.
 When concrete is reinforced with steel wires,
steel bars or any polymer fibres, the resulting
combination is a very tough material with
more tensile strength.
This concrete is known as reinforced
concrete.
 Steel and concrete have about the same
coefficient of expansion.
 They make very good composites and are
essential for the construction of large structures
like high-rise buildings, bridges.

 Reinforced concrete is also relatively cheap and

can be moulded into any shape
APPLICATIONS OF CONCRETE
 Need to build a strong house
 Try different materials
 Early lesson about composite materials
 The pigs finally realized that a house built of a
composite material would be the best to live in.

bricks Mortar
 They Stronger and stiffer than metals on a
density basis
 Highly corrosion resistant
 Outstanding durability
 Low investment in fabrication equipment
1. Traditional composites – composite materials that
occur in nature or have been produced by
civilizations for many years
 Examples: wood, concrete, asphalt
2. Synthetic composites - modern material systems
normally associated with the manufacturing
industries, in which the components are first
produced separately and then combined in a
controlled way to achieve the desired structure,
properties, and part geometry
 Straw in clay construction by Egyptians
 Aerospace industry
 Sporting goods
 Automotive
 Construction
1) Composite material offers endless design options.
2) Matrix fibre and perform selection are critical in design Process.
3) Structures can be produced with specific properties to meet end use
requirements.

REFRENCE:- 1) Jones, R.M, Mechanics of composite materials

2) O.P khanna – material science
3) J.R. Vinson and R.L. Sierakowski published by Martinus
Nijhoff
4) Engineering Mechanics of Composite Materials by Isaac M.
Daniel
FROM
CHHATTISGARH INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY
BRANCH-MECHANICAL