Lecture-1

Precision
Measuring Tools
Introduction
 Precision Measuring Tools
 Vernier Caliper
 Vernier Height Gauge
 Outside Micrometer
 Depth Micrometer
 Dial Bore gauge
 Telescopic Gauge
 Dial Indicator
 Feeler Gauge
 Vernier Caliper
 Is usually used to measure items that require a closer
degree of accuracy,
 where precision to thousandths of an inch or hundredths
of a millimeter is required
 This tool can be used for
 inside,
 outside and
 depth measurements
Vernier Caliper
 Vernier Caliper
 Constructional Features of Vernier caliper
 Parts :-  4. Vernier scale
 5. Fine adjusting unit
 1. Fixed jaw
 6. Nibs
 2. Movable jaw
 7. Depth bar
 3. Beam/ Main scale  8. Locking screws
6
8

3 7
1 2 4 5
 Vernier Caliper
 There are two basic parts of a vernier caliper.
 The main scale, with a fixed jaw.
 a vernier scale, with a “sliding jaw”.
 The vernier scale slides parallel to the main scale and
provides more precision
Vernier Caliper-Reading
 For Metric Vernier Caliper
 Record the position of zero of Vernier scale on the
Main scale
 Notice the reading of VS which coincides with MS
reading
 Example
 On Main Scale
(3 × 1cm) + (2 × 0.1cm) = 3.2 cm
 On vernier scale
(3 × 0.01cm) + = 0.03cm
 Total= 3.2 cm+0.03 cm= 3.23 cm
 Exercise
What is the reading in the caliper shown?

A. 3.51cm
B. 3.57cm 3 4

C. 3.62cm 3.5

D. 3.642cm
0 5 10
E. 3.67cm
overlap

The Mission Covenant Church Holm Glad College

Vernier Caliper-Alternatives
 DIAL VERNIER CALIPER

 DIGITAL VERNIER CALIPER

Micrometer
Introduction
 Micrometer
 Is used for measuring items that require very
close tolerances,
 Types of Micrometer
 Outside Micrometer
 Depth Micrometer
 Inside Micrometer
 Outside Micrometer-Structure
Parts Ratchet
Anvil Lock

Spindle
Sleeve Thimble

Frame
Outside Micrometer- Structure
 Outside Micrometer-Principle
SLEEVE
(One inch is divided into 40 equal divisions, each Inch Micrometer
of which equals 1/40 in(0.025 in)
Every fourth line is longer than the others, which
indicates 0.100 in distance)
THIMBLE
( Divided into 25 equal
divisions . one division
equals 1/25 of 0.025 in or
0.001 in. )

Spindle
40 thread per inch
One revolution of thimble=
1 pitch=1/40 in=0.025 in)
Outside Micrometer-Reading
 To Read An Inch Micrometer
 Note the last number showing on the sleeeve.
Multiply it by 0.100.
 Note the number of small lines visible to the right of
the last number shown. Multiply it by 0.025.
 Add the number of divisions on the thimble from zero
to the line that coincides with the index line on the
sleeve.
 Add steps 1 through 3 to get the total reading.
Outside Micrometer-Reading
Example-1- read the following Inch Micrometer
 Example-1
Largest sleeve reading
19
18
0 1 2 3 4 5 17
6789
16
15
14
13

3x0.1=0.300
15
1x0.025=0.025 18
0123 17
16X0.001=0.016 One mark past 16
largest sleeve 14
15
in reading
13
=0.341 Thimble Reading
Practice
Answers
0.259”

0.187”

0.342”
 Depth Micrometer
 Principle :- Rotary motion of thimble is converted into
linear motion of spindle
 Use :- Precision Depth measurement.
 Parts :- 4

1. Base / Stock 2. Sleeve

3. Thimble 4. Ratchet stop
3

5. Ext. rod 6. Lock ring

5
 Range :- 6
1
2
 0-25mm, 25-50mm,
50-75mm, 75-100mm,
100-125mm, 125-150mm.
Depth Micrometer
Digital depth micrometer Analog depth Micrometer
 Inside micrometer
• Used for measuring cylinder bores, housing bores
• Screw pitches same as outside micrometer

• Used more often with

‘transfer’ measurements
Inside Micrometer
Telescoping Gauge
 Do not take direct measurements
 Is commonly used to measure
larger bore diameters, such as an
engine cylinder. And slots
 A micrometer is used to read the
telescoping gauge setting.
 Less expensive and easier to use
than inside mics
 Can fit in very small locations
Telescoping Gauge
 Dial Bore Gauge
 Is a quick & accurate method of
 checking holes diameter & bore for
size
 Out-of-roundness, taperness
 Gauge takes repetitive inside
measurements
 Faster than Inside Micrometer
 Must be set-up before each use
 Less versatile and more expensive
Dial bore gauge
• Used for cylinder bores and main bores
• Uses ‘comparative’ measurement
• Set up in a setting fixture or outside micrometer
• Measure differences in the size that was set

DIGITAL DIAL BORE GAUGE

Feeler Gauge
 Feeler gauge
 Is used to measure
clearances, such as a
spark plug gap.
 Feeler gauges can
also be used along
with a straight edge to
measure surface
irregularities.