EX WIRA GAGAH

Gallipoli
SSG 1:
Lt Kdr Chandramohan TLDM
Mej Abdul Jalal Zaidi bin Abdul Majid
Mej Muzapar bin Abu Mansor
Mej Tan Lai Hock TUDM
Maj James McRae (SSG Leader)
Video

 Gallipoli, Peter Weir,

1981
 Taste of trench
warfare at Gallipoli

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 Gallipoli
SSG 1:  World War I
 Major land and sea
Mej Abdul Jalal Zaidi operation
bin Abdul Majid  1915
Mej Muzapar bin Abu Mansor  Allied Invasion of
Ottoman Empire
Lt Kdr Chandramohan TLDM
(Turkey)
Mej Tan Lai Hock TUDM  British
 French
Maj James McRae (SSG Leader)  Australian and New
Zealand (ANZAC)
 Dardanelles Strait and
Gallipoli Peninsula
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Programme

 Maps – where is the Gallipoli Peninsula

 Strategy – the importance of Gallipoli
 Gallipoli Campaign
 Sea Campaign
 Use of Air
 Battle Study

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Battle Study

 Allied Defeated  Axis Victors

 Poor command,  Good timely
leadership and leadership
comms  Defence position
 Non committal preparations
 Early amphibious op  Reserves and
 Trench – attrition counter-attack
warfare  Did not maximise
 Good withdrawal weaknesses

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Turkey

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 ICELAND Norwegian
Sea

SWEDEN

FINLAND
Gulf
North
NORWAY of
Bothnia
Atlantic
Ocean

RUSSIA
ESTONIA

North
Sea
LATVIA

DENMARK Baltic
IRELAND Sea LITHUANIA

U. K.
NETH. BYELARUS

GERMANY POLAND
BELGIUM
English Channel

UKRAINE
LUX.
CZECH

SLOVAKIA

MOLDOVA

FRANCE
AUSTRIA
SWITZERLAND HUNGARY

Bay of Biscay SLOVENIA

ROMANIA
CROATIA
Black
BOSNIA Sea

SERBIA

BULGARIA
ANDORRA
ITALY MONTENEGRO
PORTUGAL
MACEDONIA
Adriatic
SPAIN
Tyrrhenian ALBANIA
Sea TURKEY
GREECE
Aegean

Ionian
Mediterranean Sea Sea

CYPRUS

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Turkey
Gallipoli &
Dardanelles
Constantinople
Now Istanbul

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di mana Gallipoli?

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Strategic Value
 Western Front
Stalemate
 Russia under
pressure
 Capturing the
Dardanelles would:
 Attack
Constantinople
 Threaten Germany
from rear

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Gallipoli Campaign

 Phase 1 – Naval Attack

 Failed
 Phase 2 – Land Invasion

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Phase 1: NAVAL OP

 Planned by an
impatient Churchill
 Naval bombardment
of Forts along
Dardanelles
 Failed:
 Mines, mobile guns

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Phase 2: Land OP
Turkey
 Bombardment and
intel gave early
warning
 Turkish preparation
for defences
 General Liman von
Sanders (German)
 Lt Col Mustafa
Kemal “Atatürk”

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Phase 2: Land OP
 Gen Sir Ian
Hamilton
 Appointed by
Kitchener
 Poor embarkation
preparation
 not prepared for
amphibious ops
 Poor security
 Gallipoli known as
destination

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Plan

 Reduced Naval
Support
 Seize the tip of the
Gallipoli Peninsula
 Time to prepare
Turkish defences

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Allied Landings
 25 April 1915
 Well planned with
deception
 British at Helles
 Strong resistance
 Mass KIA
 ANZAC at Gaba Tepe
 Unopposed
 Turkish counter-attack

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April – August 1915

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August 1915

 6 Aug 15 Landings
 Suvla Bay
 Two divisions
 Achieved surprise
 Not exploited
 Contained by Turks

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August 1915

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Winter 1915

The beautiful
battalions of 25th
April are wasted
skeletons
Hamilton

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Withdrawal 1915-16
 Most successful Allied
operation
 Hamilton replaced by
Monro
 Diversion tactics
 Today obsolete, but show
ingenuity
 Last men left 9 Jan 16
“I hope they don’t hear us go”

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Naval Assets
 Two battle-cruisers
 Four French
 Initial Naval attack battleships
on Dardanelles  Three light cruisers
Strait  15 destroyers
 Naval gun fire  Four submarines
 Submarine  One torpedo depot
harassment ship
 Some merchant
auxiliaries

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Naval Assets

British B Type Submarine

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Naval Assets

Lowering into Tow Boats,

0600 hr 25 Apr 15

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Naval Assets
HMS Cornwallis, the last
ship to leave Gallipoli,
returns fire to the
Turkish guns shelling
her as she pulls away.

In the background,
stores at Suvla Bay, set
alight to prevent their
use by the Turks, can be
seen
burning.

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Air

 Naval Responsibility
 Apr 15 Landings
 Helles covered
 Gaba Tepe out of range
 3rd Naval Sqn
 Commander Samson

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Air

Maurice Farmans BE2

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Air

German FF29 Seaplane

Kite Balloon

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Statistics

 Casualties
 Turkey 86,692
 Britain 21,255
 France 9,798
 Australia 8,709
 New Zealand 2,701
 India 1,358
 Newfoundland 49

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Battle Study

 Allied Defeated  Axis Victors

 Poor command,  Good timely
leadership and leadership
comms  Defence position
 Non committal preparations
 Early amphibious op  Reserves and
 Trench – attrition counter-attack
warfare  Did not maximise
 Good withdrawal weaknesses

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Closing Video

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Questions?

 Clarification
 Questions / Discussion
 Supervising DS comments

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GALLIPOLI
Battle Study
by
SSG 1