COSH PRESENTATION

DAY 3-4

ENGR VILLALOBOS
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

• Emergency
a potentially life-threatening
situation usually occurring
suddenly and unexpected.

• Disaster
a sudden, calamitous event
bring great damage, loss or
destruction.
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

Types of Emergencies

• Man – made Emergency

events caused by man’s
negligence in handling his
technology

• Natural Emergency
events that are caused by the
force of nature
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

Types of Emergencies

• Man – made Emergency

events caused by man’s
negligence in handling his
technology

• Natural Emergency
events that are caused by the
force of nature
 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
Embodies all activities
The Practice of
necessary to bring the
activities designed to
organization back to
normal or routine
Prevention prevent accident
and emergencies
operation

Cyclical Nature of
Recovery Emergency Preparedness
Management

Follows preparedness Encompasses all activities

and involve life saving that are necessary to
prepare people and
and protection activities
that are implemented
Response organization to response to
during emergencies Emergency or disasters
 EMERGENCY PREPARENESS
Prevention Preparedness Response Recovery

Fire prevention Personnel Training Direction and Incident

control Investigation

Safety and Drills and Exercises Communicati Damage

health review on assessment

Inspection Supplies and Emergency CleanUp and

Equipment shutdown Restoration
Procedure
Protection of Security Claim
Records consideration Procedure
 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
Elements of an Emergency
Preparedness Program

 Review Hazard •Community

•Probability officials should involves in
of Hazard
•Facilities
the Fighting
 Evaluate Resources•Types
•Fire company’s
of Hazard Pose emergency planning
•Equipment
process and
•Personal protective
that theequipment
company be
 Development Emergency•Supplies
•The
involve
•Preventive Plan
public
in willand
learn
maintenance
local of the
planning
•Staff Expertise
Procedure facilities/company’s
•Spill
•Staff
response
•Blueaidtraining
Print
effort to
for emergency procedure
ensure
•First
•Reveal safety
the weaknesses of the plans
 Integrated with community
•Used forthe
•Protect plan
training
and procedure. publicnew employee
during
•Refresher
emergencies training for employees and
 Conduct Training •Identify
manager deficiencies in resources

 Educate the Public •Reference tool under emergency

circumstances
 Conduct Drills and Exercises
 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
Priority of Survival

 Water
 Food
 Flashlight with Extra Batteries
 Candles
 Lighter
 Transistor radios
 Personal Documents
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
Practical tips

• Earthquake Safety
• Fire Safety
• Flood safety
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
Earthquake Safety

Before Earthquake
• Define a number to call to
inform about everyone’s safety
• Define meeting place
• Train in first aid
• Prepared your home and office
for a quake
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
Earthquake Safety

During Earthquake
• If indoors, stay in the building
• Take shelter under solid furniture
• Keep away from overhead fixtures,
windows cabinet and bookcase
• If driving- STOP, but stay in the vehicle.
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
Earthquake Safety

After Earthquake
• Retrieve your first aid kit
• Check for hazardous situation
• Expect aftershocks to occur
• Check your survival kit
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
Fire Safety

• Know exits within your work area

• When fire alarms sounds, evacuate as
instructed
• Move quickly but calm
• Get a hand to others if necessary
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
Fire Safety

After Fire
• Do not return until authorities declare it safe
• Discard food, medicine, and other items
contaminated by smoke
• Check every room and closet of every floor
for hidden smoke, sparks, or embers that
may have been blown inside.
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
Flood Safety

Before Flood
• Move precious property like important
documents in upper floor
• Fill spare water containers in case water
source becomes contaminated
• Move emergency food supply to higher
floor
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
Flood Safety

During Flood
• Evacuate to higher ground
• Turn off the main electricity and water valve
before evacuating.
• Do not walk/ drive through moving water
• Keep an eye out for snakes and other
stressed animal coming out of flooded
areas
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
Flood Safety

After Flood
• Check out for structural damage before
entering
• Check for fire hazard
• Keep electricity off until the house has dried
out.
MATERIAL HANDLING

A technique which includes the art of

lifting, placing, storing or moving of
materials through the use of appropriate
handling equipment and men
MATERIAL HANDLING

Types of Materials Handling Accident

• Physical strain/ over-exertion

• Falling load
• Collision
• Hits, cuts, blows
• Trapped between objects
 MATERIAL HANDLING
Classification of Materials Handling Operation

• Manual Handling
consists of lifting, transporting and packaging of products
using own physical strength

• Mechanical Handling
pertains to more rigid, manually- or mechanically- power
equipment mainly for handling bulky and heavy item.
 MATERIAL HANDLING
Manual Handling
Hazards of Manual Handling
 MATERIAL HANDLING
Manual Handling
Hazards of Manual Handling
Types of hazardousness of Manual Material Handling
(MMH):

• The Materials to be handle

• The task itself
• The condition of the workplace
 MATERIAL HANDLING
Manual Handling
Precautions in Manual handling

• Examine the load and the surrounding area prior to holding

• Get a firm grip of the object
• Use necessary personal protective equipment
• Lift gradually
• Follow proper lifting method
 MATERIAL HANDLING
Manual Handling
Proper Lifting Method
 MATERIAL HANDLING
Mechanical Handling
Two categories of Mechanically- powered handling
equipment:

• Lifting equipment
• Transport equipment
 MATERIAL HANDLING
Mechanical Handling
Two categories of Mechanically- powered handling
equipment:
Lifting equipment
• Cranes
- Stationary
- Tower
- Overhead Traveling
• Mobile
- Wheel type
- Crawler type
- Gantry
 MATERIAL HANDLING
Mechanical Handling
Two categories of Mechanically- powered handling
equipment:
Transport equipment
• Forklift
• Tractor-trailer
• Dump Truck
• conveyor
 MATERIAL HANDLING
Mechanical Handling
Precaution
• Do not operate any equipment if you are not trained to
use it
• Operators must be authorized
• Handlers and operators must be trained in safety and
health
• Equipment are properly maintained and regular inspected.
Job Hazard Analysis
A job hazard analysis is a technique of
identifying unsafe practice and hazard in a job
task, and providing appropriate/ adequate
control measures to eliminate or reduce them to
an acceptable risk level
Job Hazard Analysis
Benefits of a JHA

• Prevent/minimize work injuries and illnesses

through safer and more effective work method
• Increase worker productivity
• Training aid for new employees
Job Hazard Analysis
Selecting the JHA Team
An effective JHA team usually include:
• The supervisor
• The employee to observe
• Safety officer
• Experts or specialist when necessary;
maintenance personnel, occupational
hygienist, ergonomist, or design engineer.
Job Hazard Analysis
Doing a Job Hazard Analysis

Three basic steps:

• Break the job into sequence of steps
• Identify existing and potential hazards
associated with each job step
• Develop solution or recommendations for each
observed hazard
Control Measures
Objective in the Control of Hazardous:

To prevent or minimize exposure of workers to harmful

environmental hazard which could lead to serious
occupational illness and diseases and even death
Control Measures
Environment Control Measure

• Engineering Control
• Administrative Control
• Personal Protective Equipment
Control Measures
Environment Control Measure

• Engineering Control
1. Substitute
2. Modification in Process/Equipment
3. Maintenance of Equipment
4. Isolation
5. Wet method
6. Industrial ventilation
Control Measures
Environment Control Measure

Industrial Ventilation
The process of supplying or removing air by natural or
mechanical means to and from any space
Control Measures
Environment Control Measure

Purpose of Industrial Ventilation

• To ensure condition of thermal comfort

• To renew the air in the workplace, therefore
diluting eventual air contaminants to accept
level
• To prevent hazardous air contaminants from
reaching the workers breathing zone
Control Measures
Environment Control Measure

Type of Industrial Ventilation

• General or Dilution Ventilation

• Local Exhaust Ventilation
Control Measures
Environment Control Measure

General or Dilution Ventilation

It aims at the removal of air in the work environment so
that the possible contaminants are diluted to level
considered to be not harmful to health.
Control Measures
Environment Control Measure
General or Dilution Ventilation is less
effective and more expensive when:

1. Contaminants is highly toxic

2. Emitted material are primarily particulates
3. Emission vary with time
4. Emission sources consist of large point source
5. Employees work in the immediate vicinity of the emission
source
Control Measures
Environment Control Measure

Local Exhaust Ventilation

It aims at the removal of air contaminants from working
environment before they can reach the breathing zone of
the workers harmful concentration.
Control Measures
Environment Control Measure

Important Pointers for work Environment

Improvement through Industrial Ventilation

• Air exhausted must be replaced by a supply air

• Avoid cross draft of air near local exhaust hoods
• Short circuiting of air must be prevented
SAFETY AND HEALTH INSPECTION
Safety Inspection
“ An inspection is a service to an organization and its
workforce; NOT a burden.”

Inspection are needed because “nothing is completely risk-

free”

• Things wear out

• Conditions change
• People are not perfect

Managers have moral and legal responsibilities to provide

a safe and healthful place
SAFETY AND HEALTH INSPECTION

Purpose of Safety Inspection

• Eliminate Hazard
• Assess Effective of OSH Program
• Display Visible Management Commitment to safety
• Establish Accountability
• Identify Training Needs
• Fulfill Legal Obligations
SAFETY AND HEALTH INSPECTION

Elements of an Effective Safety Inspection

Inspector must:
• Have sound knowledge of facility/work placed;
• Be familiar with the organization’s Accident experience
and potentials
• Be Knowledge of the relevant standards codes and
regulation
• Possess the ability to make intelligent decision for
corrective action
• Exercise diplomacy in handling personnel and situations.
SAFETY AND HEALTH INSPECTION

Types of Inspection

• Continuous Inspection
A process conducted as part of their job responsibilities in
nothing and correcting potential danger
• Periodic/ Interval Inspection
A systematic process with specific intervals and widely
regarded as real safety and health inspection
• Intermittent/ Emergency Inspection
An unscheduled inspection may be needed to find and
correct unsafe condition.
SAFETY AND HEALTH INSPECTION

Types of Interval Inspection

• Regular Inspection
– A process conduct for a special area or Equipment.

• General Inspection
– A planned walk- through of an entire area including places not
usually inspected.
SAFETY AND HEALTH INSPECTION

Frequency of Inspection

• Loss severity potential of the problem

• The potential for injury
• How quickly can the part become unsafe
• History of failure
SAFETY AND HEALTH INSPECTION

Preparing for Inspection

• Review previous accident investigation and inspection

reports, maintenance records and other necessary
documents.
• Decide the flow of the inspection and be familiar with tha
area to be inspected
• Formulate checklist
• Coordinate with affected person and inspection team
• Wear required Personal Protective Equipment
SAFETY AND HEALTH INSPECTION

Inspection Tools

• Clipboards
• Inspection forms and checklist
• Pens/pencils
• Lock-out/tag-out Supplies
• Measuring tape/ ruler
• Tape recorder
• Cameras
• Flashlight
• Sampling Device (air, noise, light, temperature)
• Special PPE
SAFETY AND HEALTH INSPECTION

Inspection Checklist

• Serve as reminder of what to look for and as records what

have been covered.
• Objective rather than subjective
SAFETY AND HEALTH INSPECTION

Inspection Proper

• Gathering Data
• Interview of workers/supervisor
Note inspection must not interrupt normal operation.
SAFETY AND HEALTH INSPECTION

Inspection Items

• Housekeeping
• Electrical Installation
• Portable tools/ power tools
• Safety signs/signage
• Machines and equipment
• Material handling and storage
• Ect.
SAFETY AND HEALTH INSPECTION

After Inspection

• Writing of inspection report

• Correction of hazard
• Monitoring and evaluation

Inspection Report
Report format can be:
• Bullet type report
• Narrative/paragraph form
• Other formats( risk assessment)
SAFETY AND HEALTH INSPECTION

Correction action

• Immediately correct everything possible

• Report at once condition beyond one authority and
suggest solution.
• Take intermediate action as needed.
SAFETY AND HEALTH INSPECTION

Implementation and Monitoring

• Management Role
– Decision making esp. when money is involved
• Safety officer Role
– Follow up and monitoring
• Supervisor’s and worker’s Role
– Execution
SAFETY AND HEALTH INSPECTION

Who will conduct the Inspection

• Safety professional
• Company or facility Management
• First line supervisor or foreman
• Maintenance personnel
• Safety and health committee
• Employees
• Other inspection team
COSH DAY 3-4

THANK YOU 