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8A
6Ω 8Ω
4Ω
3A 1Ω
20V
1
Loop and Mesh ///
Loop is any closed path in the circuit.
Mesh is a loop which contains no other loop within it.
Loops:
abcea, cdec, 8A
bdcb, abcdea, c
abdea. b d
6Ω 8Ω
Meshes: 4Ω
abcea, cdec,
bdcb. a
3A 1Ω
20V
e
2
Supermesh///
A mesh that shares a common current source with another mesh and
none of which contains a current source in their outer loop, form
supermesh. 6kΩ 3kΩ
a b c
Mesh1: abda
Mesh2: bcdb
1 2
1A
12V
20V
d
Replace the current source with open circuit, then loop abcda will
form supermesh. 3
Why do we apply supermesh///
For simple mesh analysis, we apply Kirchhoff’s voltage law in every mesh.
Voltage across a branch, V = IR
Apply KVL in mesh abda,
Voltage across bd branch, Vbd = IR = 1A * 0Ω = 0V
8A
1 I1
a b
6Ω c 8Ω
4Ω
2 3
e
I2 3A I3 1Ω
20V
d
5
Steps to use supermesh method///
Determine the number of meshes in the network and assign mesh current
to each independent loop.
Indicate the polarity of the resistors according to the direction of mesh
currents.
Apply KCL to the node where the shared current source is connected by
taking account all the currents inside the supermesh.
Replace the current sources with open circuit and redraw the circuit
indicating supermesh.
Apply KVL to supermesh and rest of the meshes in the network.
Solve the systems of linear equation to get the mesh currents.
6
Step 1///
Determine the number of meshes in the network and assign mesh current to
each independent loop.
Mesh1: abca
Mesh2: acdea 8A
1 I1
Mesh3: cbdc
a b
6Ω c 8Ω
4Ω
2 3
e
I2 3A I3 1Ω
20V
d
7
Step 2///
Indicate the polarity of the resistors according to the direction of
mesh currents.
I 8A
1 I1
+ - - + - +
R a b
- + 6Ω - c + 8Ω -
4Ω
+ 2 3
e +
I2 3A I3 1Ω
20V -
d
8
Step 3///
Apply KCL to the node where the shared current source is connected by taking
account all the currents inside the supermesh.
8A source
indicates the 8A
1 I1
mesh current I1 - + - +
a b
- + 6Ω - c + 8Ω -
I1 = 8A ----- (i) 4Ω
+ 2 3
e +
I2 3A I3 1Ω
20V -
d
99
Step 3///
Mesh 2 and Mesh 3 will form supermesh in the circuit
8A
1 I1
- + - +
a b
- + 6Ω - c + 8Ω -
4Ω
Supermesh + 2 3
e +
I2 3A I3 1Ω
20V -
d
11
Step 5///
Apply KVL to supermesh and rest of the meshes in the network.
20 – 4I2 – 6I2 + 6I1 – 8I3 + 8I1 – I3 = 0
8A
1 I1
- + - +
a
- + 6Ω - c + 8Ω -
4Ω
+ 2 3
e +
I2 3A I3
20V -
d
12
Step 5///
13
Step 6///
Solve the systems of linear equation to get the mesh currents.
I1 = 8A ----- (i)
I2 - I3 = -3 ------ (ii) 8A
I1 = 8A
10I2 + 9I3 = 132--(iii)
6Ω 8Ω
I1 = 8A, 4Ω I3 = 8.53A
I2 = 5.53A,
I3 = 8.53 A. I2 3A
1Ω
20V
I8Ω = I3 – I1
= 0.53A 14
Circuit Simulation///
15
16