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General Rig:
Hoisting equipme
nt
The machine used to drill a wellbore. In onshore operations, the rig
Rotation equipme includes virtually everything except living quarters. Major
nt components of the rig include the mud tanks, the mud pumps, the
derrick or mast, the drawworks, the rotary table or topdrive, the
Mud circulation e drillstring, the power generation equipment and auxiliary equipment.
quipment
Semisubmersible Submersible
General
Shale shaker 11
General Drawworks:
Hoisting equipme
nt The machine on the rig consisting of a large-diameter steel spool,
brakes, a power source and assorted auxiliary devices. The
Rotation equipme primary function of the drawworks is to reel out and reel in the
nt drilling line, a large diameter wire rope, in a controlled fashion.
The reeling out of the drilling line is powered by gravity and
Mud circulation e reeling in by an electric motor or diesel engine.
quipment
Safety equipment
Rig facilities
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Safety equipment
Rig facilities
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General Hook:
Hoisting equipme
nt The high-capacity J-shaped equipment used to hang various
other equipment, particularly the swivel and kelly, the elevator
bails or topdrive units. The hook is attached to the bottom of the
Rotation equipme
nt traveling block and provides a way to pick up heavy loads with
the traveling block. The hook is either locked (the normal
Mud circulation e condition) or free to rotate, so that it may be mated or decoupled
quipment with items positioned around the rig floor, not limited to a single
direction.
Drill pipe & BHA
Safety equipment
Rig facilities
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General
Safety equipment
General
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General Kelly:
Hoisting equipme
nt A long square or hexagonal steel
bar with a hole drilled through the
Rotation equipme
middle for a fluid path. The kelly is
nt used to transmit rotary motion from
the rotary table or kelly bushing to
Mud circulation e the drillstring, while allowing the
quipment drillstring to be lowered or raised
during rotation. The kelly goes
Drill pipe & BHA through the kelly bushing, which is
driven by the rotary table. The kelly
Safety equipment bushing has an inside profile
matching the kelly's outside profile
Rig facilities (either square or hexagonal), but
with slightly larger dimensions so
that the kelly can freely move up
and down inside.
The kelly transfers rotary motion from the
rotary table or kelly bushing to the drillstring.
The upper diagram shows the interior fluid
path. The middle diagram shows the
Back hexagonal cross section. The lower diagram
shows the outside view of the kelly.
Rig facilities
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General Topdrive:
Hoisting equipme
nt A device that turns the drillstring.
This is radically different from the
Rotation equipme more conventional rotary table and
nt kelly method of turning the drillstring
because it enables drilling to be
Mud circulation e done with three joint stands instead
quipment of single joints of pipe. It also
enables the driller to quickly engage
Drill pipe & BHA the pumps or the rotary while tripping
pipe, which cannot be done easily
Safety equipment with the kelly system. While not a
panacea, modern topdrives are a
Rig facilities major improvement to drilling rig
technology and are a large
contributor to the ability to drill more
difficult extended-reach wellbores. In
addition, the topdrive enables drillers
to minimize both frequency and cost
per incident of stuck pipe.
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General Swivel:
Hoisting equipme
nt
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Safety equipment
Rig facilities
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General
Rig facilities
Bulk Mud Components in Storage
Hopper type tanks for storage of
drilling fluid components.
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General Desander:
Hoisting equipme
nt A hydrocyclone device that removes large drill solids from the
whole mud system. The desander should be located downstream of
Rotation equipme the shale shakers and degassers, but before the desilters or mud
nt cleaners.Various size desander and desilter cones are functionally
identical, with the size of the cone determining the size of particles
Mud circulation e the device removes from the mud system.
quipment
Safety equipment
Rig facilities
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Safety equipment
Rig facilities
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Mud House: The place where mud additives are kept at the rig, also
known as the sack room.
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General
Safety equipment
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General Desilterer:
Hoisting equipme
nt A hydrocyclone much like a desander except that its design
incorporates a greater number of smaller cones. As with the desander,
its purpose is to remove unwanted solids from the mud system. The
Rotation equipme
nt smaller cones allow the desilter to efficiently remove smaller diameter
drill solids than a desander does. For that reason, the desilter is
Mud circulation e located downstream from the desander in the surface mud system.
quipment
Safety equipment
Rig facilities
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Rig facilities
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General
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Rotation equipme
nt Fixed cutter bits:
Rotation equipme A tool designed to crush rock efficiently while incurring a minimal
nt amount of wear on the cutting surfaces. As the drillstring is rotated, the
bit cones roll along the bottom of the hole in a circle. As they roll, new
Mud circulation e teeth come in contact with the bottom of the hole, crushing the rock
quipment immediately below and around the bit tooth. As the cone rolls, the tooth
then lifts off the bottom of the hole and a high-velocity fluid jet strikes
Drill pipe & BHA the crushed rock chips to remove them from the bottom of the hole and
up the annulus.There are to types of roller-cone bits:
Safety equipment
• Steel insert bits: • Carbide insert bits:
Rig facilities Application for soft formations Application for hard formations
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Mud circulation e
quipment
Rig facilities
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General
Hoisting equipme
nt Choke Manifold
The arrangement of piping and
Rotation equipme
nt special valves, called chokes,
through which drilling mud is
Mud circulation e circulated when the blowout
quipment preventers are closed to control the
pressures encountered during a kick.
Drill pipe & BHA
Safety equipment
General Derrick:
Hoisting equipme
nt The structure used to support the crown blocks and the drillstring of a
drilling rig. Derricks are usually pyramidal in shape, and offer a good
Rotation equipme strength-to-weight ratio. If the derrick design does not allow it to be
nt moved easily in one piece, special ironworkers must assemble them
piece by piece, and in some cases disassemble them if they are to be
Mud circulation e moved.
quipment
Safety equipment
Rig facilities
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General Mast:
Hoisting equipme
nt Mast is a portable derrick capable
of being erected as a unit, as
Rotation equipme distinguished from a standard
nt derrick, which cannot be raised to
a working position as a unit.
Mud circulation e
quipment This structure used to support the
crown blocks and the drillstring.
Drill pipe & BHA Masts are usually rectangular or
trapezoidal in shape and offer a
Safety equipment very good stiffness, important to
land rigs whose mast is laid down
Rig facilities when the rig is moved. They suffer
from being heavier than
conventional derricks and
consequently are not usually found
in offshore environments, where
weight is more of a concern than in
land operations.
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General
Hoisting equipme
nt
Rotation equipme
nt Catline Boom and Hoist Line:
A structural framework erected near the
Mud circulation e top of the derrick for lifting material.
quipment
Safety equipment
Rig facilities
Pipe Ramp
An angled ramp for dragging drill
pipe up to the drilling platform or
bringing pipe down off the drill
platform.
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General
Hoisting equipme
nt
Monkeyboard:
Rotation equipme
nt The derrickman's working platform. Double
board, tribble board, fourable board; a
Mud circulation e monkey board located at a height in the
quipment
derrick or mast equal to two, three, or four
lengths of pipe respectively.
Drill pipe & BHA
Safety equipment
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General
Hoisting equipme
nt
Electric cable tray
Rotation equipme Supports the heavy electrical cables
nt that feed the power from the control
panel to the rig motors.
Mud circulation e
quipment
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General
Hoisting equipme
nt
Fuel tanks
Rotation equipme
nt Fuel storage tanks for the
power generating system.
Mud circulation e
quipment
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General
Hoisting equipme
nt
Pipe Racks:
Rotation equipme
nt A horizontal support for tubular
goods.
Mud circulation e
quipment
Safety equipment
Water tank
Rig facilities
Is used to store water that is
used for mud mixing, cementing,
and rig cleaning.
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General Slips:
Hoisting equipme
nt A device used to grip the drillstring in a relatively nondamaging
manner and suspend it in the rotary table. This device consists of
three or more steel wedges that are hinged together, forming a near
Rotation equipme
nt circle around the drillpipe. On the drillpipe side (inside surface), the
slips are fitted with replaceable, hardened tool steel teeth that
Mud circulation e embed slightly into the side of the pipe. The outsides of the slips are
quipment tapered to match the taper of the rotary table.
Safety equipment
Rig facilities
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General Tong:
Hoisting equipme
nt The large wrenches used for turning when making up or breaking out
drill pipe, casing, tubing, or other pipe; variously called casing tongs,
Rotation equipme rotary tongs, and so forth according to the specific use. Power tongs
nt are pneumatically or hydraulically operated tools that spin the pipe
up and, in some instances, apply the final makeup torque.
Mud circulation e
quipment
Safety equipment
Rig facilities
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General
Hoisting equipme
nt
Rotation equipme
nt
Mud circulation e
quipment
Safety equipment
Rig facilities
• Prerequisites: B.Sc
General References:
Hoisting equipme
nt •http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/oilandgas
•http://www.idmequipment.com/
Drill pipe & BHA
•http://www.ectool.com/drillingsup.htm
•http://www.idsuk.com/Tech.htm
•http://www.nql.com/intro.html
General FAQ:
Hoisting equipme
nt
No FAQ’s have been registered at the moment
Rotation equipme
nt
Mud circulation e
quipment
Safety equipment
Rig facilities
Web: http://iptibm3.ipt.ntnu.no/~pskalle
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