PRESENTATION ON AMMONIA STORAGE TANK

Prepared by: Dhaval Patel (15BE01026)

Thakar Krunalbhai Rajeshbhai (15BE01050)
Chintan Vaghani ( 15BE01055)
Harsh Patel (16BE01T060)

Submitted to: Mrs. Priyanka Pandya

 INTRODUCTION

 GUJARAT STATE FERTILIZERS & CHEMICALS LTD. (SIKKA UNIT) was

established as Coastal Di-Ammoniam Phosphate (DAP) plant at Motikhavdi village – 27
k.m. from Jamnagar on Jamnagar – Dwarka State Highway No. 25, and 10 km. from
Sikka Port.
 Ammonia is mainly imported from Bahrain, Qatar, Saudi Arabia via ships at jetty of Gsfc
Ltd from their it is transported to plant via shore terminal.
At Sikka (4.5 km From At Motikhavdi(10 km from
Material
Jetty) Shore Terminal)

Ammonia (at atmospheric 1 Tank of 3,000 MT

2 Tanks of 10,000 MT
pressure & temperature) 1 Tank of 3,000 MT
 PROPERTIES OF AMMONIA
Ammonia
IUPAC name Azane
Other names Ammonia, Hydrogen nitride,
Spirit of Hartshorn, Nitro-Sil,
Vaporole

Properties
Molecular formula NH3
Molar mass 17.0306 g/mol
Appearance Colorless gas with strong pungent
odour
Density 0.6942 kg/m3
Melting point -77.73 °C (195.42 K)
Boiling point -33.34 °C (239.81 K)
Solubility in water 89.9 g/100 mL at 0 °C
Basicity (pKb) 4.75 (reaction with H2O)
Auto ignition Temp 651 °C
 Ammonia Transportation to plant Site

Ammonia Ammonia
Ammonia 4.5 km
imported from brought to jetty. transfer from
other countries by GSFC SIKKA Unit jetty to Sikka
ships shore terminal
(SST)

Ammonia from SST is

10 km Ammonia store at SST
transfer to sikka unit
in two tanks of 10000
storage tank (3000 MT)
MT.
 KEY EQUIPMENT AT PLANT SITE

 Ammonia Storage Tank

 Process gas Compressors
 Saturator
 Flash drum
 Ammonia Condensers
 Ammonia Receiver
SPECIFICATION OF AMMONIA STOARAGE TANK AT GSFC LTD

 capacity of 3,000 MT for storing liquid ammonia at -33 0C

 Double walled, double integrity type
 Tank are fabricated out of low temperature carbon steel (LTCS) API 620
 outer tank is insulated with 150 mm thick polyurethane foam protected from
surroundings by corrugated aluminum sheet cladding
 Tank bottom is insulated with 150 mm foam glass & siporex blocks.
 The tank is provided with float type level indicator, dP type level indicator,
temperature recorders, level indicator for annular space, pressure recorder and
pressure indicator…..
 2 nos. pressure relief valves with set pressures of 1000 mmwcg 1050
mmwcg…
 2 nos. vacuum relief valves for protecting the tank from vacuum.
 A quick closing on - off valve in pump suction line is provided with interlock
to close on low tank pressure & level.
 High Pressure Alarm
AMMONIA STORAGE TANK
(76-2001)
(3000MT)

SATURATOR
(76-2018)

1020 kg/hr
-20 0C
1.03 kg/cm2

102 0C
Ist Stage COMPRESSOR IInd
Stage COMPRESSOR 18.2 kg/cm2 CONDENSOR
(76-100376-1003/1004) (76-100376-1003/1004) (76-2103 / 76-2104)
81 0C
4.9 kg/cm2 1505 kg/hr
0 0C
4.7 kg/cm2

FLASH DRUM 26 0C RECEIVER

(76-2020) (76-2019)
capacity 3000 MT
No. of Storage Tanks 2
TYPE Double Integrity, Cup-In-Tank
DESIGN PRESSURE +1050 and -50 mmwc
OPERATING TEMPERATURE -40 0C
OPERATING PRESSURE 250-800 mmwc
DESIGN TEMPRATURE -33 0C
TANK SHELL ID 21.6 m
CUP SHELL ID 20 m
SHELL HEIGHT 16 m
CORROSION ALLOWANCE 1.5-3 mm
JOINT EFFICENCY 80 TO 100%
PROCESS FLUID AMMONIA (LIQUI & GAS)
DENSITY OF FLUID STORED 681.4 kg/m3 at -33oC
INSULATION (PUF) 150 mm
(RESINBONDED MINERAL/GLASS WOOL) 250 mm
(FOAM GLASS) 150 mm
(SIPOREX BLOCK) 200 mm
FOUNDATION OF STORAGE TANK

The tank rests on elevated foundation slab

supported on concrete columns to permit
free air passage below the tank so as to
avoid freezing of foundation.
 TYPES OF ATMOSPHERIC STOARAGE TANK

There are two types of storage tanks used in ammonia storage.

1. Single walled Tanks

 Single walled tank is one steel bottom and wall designed to contain the liquid level of ammonia.

2. Double walled tanks

 Double walled tank is double steel bottom and wall designed to contain full liquid level of
ammonia.
 Inner tank is designed to full containment of liquid ammonia and for outer tank designed for
full containment of liquid ammonia roof maybe separate for each inner and outer tank or
common Concrete or steel wall designed for extra tank protection not designed for containing
liquid ammonia.
 Single walled tank is one steel bottom and wall
designed to contain the liquid level of ammonia.
 While using single walled tanks there are chances of
leakage of ammonia so majorly double walled tank is
used.

 Steel tanks with double walls and perlite insulation in

between the Walls are known as double-wall tanks or
double-containment tanks.
The main difference between this two types of DWDI tanks is
that the one with insulation on the outer tank can be operated
for a longer time in the case of an inner tank failed whereas the
one with insulation in the annular space needs to be de-
commissioned upon inner tank failed as its outer tank is not
insulated.
SAFETY ASPECTS OF STORAGE AND HANDLING SYSTEM

General
liquid ammonia, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid are dangerous fluids and their safe handling
depends finally upon the intelligent use of the equipment by experienced and fully trained
personnel.
The management should follow up frequently to ensure that safe practices are followed,
protective equipment is worn when necessary, safety showers and eye wash and personal
protective equipment are available in good condition for use during emergency and operators
are trained in the use of respiratory protective devices and other protective equipment.
Ammonia Leak Detection
Leaks in NH3 - storage system are easy to detect.
Due to typical pungent smell even the small leaks in the plant are unpleasant.
 The following measures can be taken to detect leaks:

• A soap water solution is applied to doubtful areas with a brush. The formation of
bubbles indicates leakage.
• A burning sulfur Stick is applied near the leaky spot, Combustion gases form white
fumes of ammonium sulfate at the leaky spot.
• NH3 will turn phenolphthalein paper red I pink.
• Alkaline ammonia will turn red litmus paper blue.
The following are particularly affected:
• Eyes
• Mouth, throat, respiratory ducts, lungs, genitals
• Larynx, gullet and stomach

Such protective clothing comprises:

• A long sleeved working jacket
• Long trousers and underwear (If possible, made from cotton, since cotton
Is more resistant to alkalis than wool)
• Rubber boots ,Rubber gloves
• Protective helmet with rim
Topics Which will be base for the Future Project Weeks……………………………

1. Tank types.
2. Tank Standards.
3. Material and energy Balance.
4. Shell design.
5. Roof design.
6. Wind load ,Seismic loads. Including wind stiffener.
7. Tank foundation.
8. Tank accessories.
9. Tank testing, Commissioning and decommissioning.
10. Simulation Of Process design of Shell.
11.Piping Design.
12. Optimization
13. Alternative Process for ammonia Refrigeration.
14. Alternatives of double containment fixed roof tank with good
efficiency.