FUGACITY

Presented by:
Roll Nos. 03, 15, 16, 17, 18
 Content
• What is fugacity?
• How to determine fugacity?
• How to determine fugacity of mixtures?
• Fugacity and Equations of state?
Fugacity:
• Fugacity is a derived thermodynamic property.
• Units= Pressure
• Fugacity is an abstract concept defined to
facilitate certain calculations involved with
phase and chemical equilibrium.
• Fugacity has been used extensively in the
study of phase and chemical reaction
equlibria involving gases at high pressures.
Concept of Fugacity:
• For an infinitesimal reversible change
occurring in the system under isothermal
condition
dG = -SdT + VdP
For isothermal condition the equation reduces
to;
dG = VdP
Concept of Fugacity:
• For one mole of an ideal gas V in the above
equation may be replaced by RT/P,

dG = RT (dP/P) = RT d(ln P)

Above equation is applicable only to ideal gas.

Concept of Fugacity:
• For representing the influence of present on
Gibbs free energy of real gases by a similar
relationship, then the true pressure in the
equation should be replaced by an ‘effective’
pressure, which we call fugacity f of the gas.
Concept of Fugacity:
• The following equation, thus provides the
partial definition of fugacity. It is satisfied by
gases whether ideal or real.
dG = RT d(ln f)
• Integration of above equation gives,
G = RT ln f + C
where C is the constant that depends on
temperature and nature of the gas.
Fugacity Coefficient:
• Fugacity Coefficient:- The ratio of fugacity to
pressure is referred to as fugacity coefficient
and is denoted by ɸi.
• It is dimensionless and depends on nature of
the gas, the pressure and the temperature.
Fugacity & Fugacity coefficient:
Species in solution

• • The definition of the fugacity of a species in

solution is parallel to the definition of the pure
species fugacity. For a species i in a mixture of
real gases or in a solution of liquids,

• where fi^ is the fugacity of species i in

solution, replacing the partial pressure yiP.