BTE2123(BTS) S2 (18/19)

GROUP MEMBER

Number Name Matrix Number

1 MOHAMAD SYAHRUL BIN ABDUL JALIL TG18003
2 MUHAMMAD SHAFIQ ISYRAF BIN NORDIN TG18006
3 SHATISHWARAN A/L SIVALINGAM TG18007
4 MUHAMAD HILMI BIN MAT ASRI TG18008
DISTRIBUTION
Switchgear –Ring Main Unit Transformer
(RMU) – Circuit Breaker - 11kV/415V

Combination of:
- switches.
- fuses. Convert the voltage of
electricity flowing in the
Circuit breakers used to control, circuit
protect and isolate electrical
equipment.

Feeder Pillar

Protection of the low voltage distribution

network (underground or overhead)
 TYPE OF DISTRIBUTION
Types of primary distribution
Secondary distribution system
system configuration:
The secondary system adopted by Tenaga Nasional
Radial System Berhad is predominantly 3-phase 4-wire system
supplying three-phase 415V and single phase 240V.

Secondary circuits run out from the distribution

Ring System transformer to feed various customers through LV
Board, Feeder Pillars and LV overhead system.

Secondary system is entirely control and protected

Mesh Network
by fuses.

Interconnected Network
 Radial System

Ring System

Mesh Network

Interconnected
Network
OVERVIEW:

The term Smart Meter often

refers to an electricity meter.

- Real-time or near real-time

sensors
Usually referred as time-of-use
- Power outage notification
meters, but “Smart Meters”
- Power quality monitoring
usually involve
- Smart Meters is claimed to be
one strategy for saving energy
ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE

- Lower off-peak time - Smart meter alone can’t

tariffs save your money
- Won’t need to give - Switching suppliers
meter readings anymore might mean you lose
- More accurate bills some Smart functionality
- have greater control of - You don’t have to talk to
your energy consumption your energy supplier
anymore about meter
readings anymore
CASE STUDY
The smart metering market is expected to explode.
Influenced by rising energy prices, increases of
energy theft, demand for more accurate billing and a
heightened awareness of energy conservation.

Nowhere is this more evident than in Japan where,

following the 2011 Fukushima crisis and subsequent
move from nuclear power, the government’s Energy-
Environment Council set an 85% nationwide target
smart electrical meter adoption by 2020.

While the rollout in Japan is government-led,

individual companies have been granted the
freedom to select the technologies they will use.
CASE STUDY
The company’s latest report, ‘Smart Meters Update 2018 – Global
Market Size, Competitive Landscape, Key Country Analysis, and
Forecast to 2022’, reveals that the global drivers for smart meters
are rising emissions, domestic energy resource constraints,
growing demand for electricity, financing constraints for new
generation assets development, cost of electricity, and aging
infrastructure.

The meters helped consumers in the country to

become more efficient in their energy
consumption, said Tokyo Electric Power Company
(Tepco) Vice-Executive President Dr Hiroshi
Okamoto.

He said the smart meters provided detailed information on

electricity consumption every half an hour, enabling
consumers to plan and change their usage habits to suit
their needs. He said the smart meters provided detailed
information on electricity consumption every half an hour,
enabling consumers to plan and change their usage habits
to suit their needs.
CASE STUDY
Okamoto said to-date, there had not been any concerns regarding the effects from the radio
waves and frequencies from the smart meters installed.

Since January this year, Tenaga Nasional Bhd (TNB), has undertaken the installation of 310,000
smart meters in Malacca in stages, before expanding it to 8.8 million users in the peninsula.

Worse still, smart meters have become an impediment to, rather than a necessary tool for, the
liberalization of electricity retail. The meters were originally meant to accumulate data, which
then would be transmitted to power retailers via the major regional power monopolies. Only
through this process will it become possible to calculate charges for individual customers.
 PROPOSAL OF POTENTIAL DESIGNS OR
WAYS OF THE SUPPORT
What is a time-of-use (TOU) tariff?
▪ If there is the capacity to measure
when people actually consume their
electricity, then there is potential to
reward those who are willing to switch
off the peak consumption periods with
lower rates and customized energy
plans. By charging different rates at
different times of the day, TOU tariffs
provide a direct financial incentive to
consumers to change their energy
habits and reduce demand peaks,
allowing the savings to be passed
directly to the consumer in the form of
lower energy bills.
What is innovative about this project?
▪ First, TOU plans can vary in the number of sub-rates they
offer, the time of day these rates are applied, and the size of
the charge applied in the periods. Furthermore, the plan
requires updating to account for behavioral and seasonal
changes.
▪ Most importantly, no demographic or personally identifiable
data was used by the algorithm – eliminating the time,
expense and privacy concerns surrounding this data
collection.
▪ Second, there was no widely applicable solution for
understanding how a customer’s consumption would
change in response to a proposed plan or how much savings
could be feasible achieved. Once the tariff structure is
decided, typical analysis would apply historical energy
consumption (for example, usage over the past year) to
determine how the customer’s bills would change.
 PROPOSAL OF POTENTIAL DESIGNS OR
WAYS OF THE SUPPORT
How does the TOU tariff offering work?
▪ The participants will earn points for reducing their energy
consumption against this baseline. Savings will be tracked and
displayed via app and web interface.
▪ Simple tariff structure – The TOU tariff will have two steps – a
peak period and off-peak period – to make the tariff plan easy
to understand.
▪ Gamification element – Each participant will be assigned to
one of three teams that accumulates points based on
collective demand reduction. A cash credit on the total energy
bill will be offered to each member of the winning team.
▪ Digital interactive elements – SMAP has adapted an existing
suite of data visualization APIs to create a mobile app for
participants to track both personal savings and team progress.
▪ Limited window to receive benefits – The first instance of the
TOU tariff will be applied for 3 months in the summer period.
Participants will only receive the benefit during this period,
incentivizing them to maximize participation.
Why is this project important?
▪ When properly designed, a TOU tariff plan would incentivize
the customer to switch their consumption to off-peak times,
reducing the total peak demand. This is an important step
for reducing grid stress and emissions, and when acting on
their flexibility to shift consumption customers can receive
lower energy bills as a result.
▪ This result is especially relevant for at-risk populations, such
as the elderly or those in social housing, whose limited
budget makes energy bill savings relatively more valuable.
Furthermore, the offering of such plans has the ability to
increase competition in the marketplace, as utilities can
seek to attract new customers with plans made.
▪ TOU tariff planning is also immensely scalable as it relies
only on the utility’s existing data resources and
communication channels. Effectively, SMAP’s solution
transforms smart-meter data directly into bill savings and
increased profitability, making a pathway for any utility to
make digital offerings.
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