IRCOT

PRESENTATION
in
Connection with
Localisation of Fault
at
FOIS locations
by
J.P.Mehta
Deputy Chief Signal & Telecom Engineer
IRCOT
 Annexure – III
Connectivity for N. Rly. & adjoining divisions of Central, Western
& North Eastern Railways (Phase I)
(ALREADY COMMISSIONED)

*NLDM
YARD
*RPAR
UMB KJGY

DDL
LDH YARD

JUC MB

YARD
FZR BSB (NER)
BHUL LJN ( NER)
BSB
LKO

BTI PNP
MGS
ALD
SSB
SSB
BKN DLI TDL GMC
RB
PNK COI
GZB
BH
RE TKD

CRIS 64Kbps (Railway)

64Kbps (DOT)
JU
Agra
Jaipur Analog (Railway)

Kota ISDN dialup connection

Jhansi
* Sites yet not commissioned

IRCOT
 DTU
LEASED LINE MODEM
UPS FOR
DATACOM ROUTER
EQUIPMENT
LEASED LINE MODEM Local Lead SET UP AT RESIDENCE

MODEM
CABLE

DIAL UP MODEM
DIAL UP MODEM

SWITCH/HUB

PRINTER
PC CABLE
WALL
PRINTER
I/O

Line Printer
UPS
SET UP IN OFFICE
FOR PC

PC
WALL
PRINTER
I/O

POWER SUPPLY
CHANGE OVER BOARD

UPS
FOR PC

IRCOT
 SWITCH
ROUTER

HUB/ HUB/ HUB/ HUB/ HUB/

NODE NODE NODENODE NODE

Switch: Switch is a high speed networking and message switching device.

It have RJ-45 ports through which a HUB or Node can be
connected. It is also a star LAN connection system.
It provides connectivity between Router, Server, HUB, nodes etc.

Working:Switch receives data from a port and analyses it where it has to go

and then it switches the data to only required destination. It works
on IP based Addressing system so it needs programming.

Speed: It can transmit the data upto 100mbps.

IRCOT
 HUB
ROUTER/ HUB
SWITCH

PC PC PC PC

HUB: It is a networking equipment for connecting LAN node

in star configuration. It has no memory. It acts as line
driver beyond 100m. Provides more no. of connections.
It has no IP addressing scheme.

Working: It receives data from one port and broadcast on all

other ports, the data excepted by the required port
and discarded by the others.

Speed: Maximum transmitting speed is 100mbps.

IRCOT
 ROUTER
What is a Router ?

Routers is a Device, which connects 2

or more local area networks by
exchanging protocol specific
information.

IRCOT
 BASIC CONNECTIVITY NETWORK DIAGRAM
Field Side CRIS Side

HUB/ SWITCH HUB/ SWITCH

ROUTER ROUTER
…….. …….. …….. ……..
……..
PORT ……..
PORT ……..
PORT ……..
PORT

Local Lead Local Lead

MODEM
MODEM MW / DoT MODEM
MODEM
NETWORK

IRCOT
ROLE OF A MODEM IN DATA NETWORK: INTERFACES
BETWEEN DIGITAL DEVICE & ANALOG DEVICE

CHL MODEM ROUTER

SWITCH

PC PC

TYPES OF MODEM USED IN FOIS

DTU ASM-20 ASCOM CODEX ZYXEL GVC
DATA TRANSMISSION UNIT DIAL-UP

IRCOT
 DTU
This modem is used on digital Microwave channel,
provided at the FOIS site. From MUX a single pair
runs upto DTU at FOIS site. DTU output is 2 nos.
of RS232 ports for connecting data device. It has 6
LEDs on the front panel which indicates the status of
communication link.
FRONT PANEL VIEW
PWR LINE DTR READY DTR READY

B A

REAR PANEL VIEW

RJ-11 POWER PORT B PORT A

IRCOT
 Status indicated by the LEDs in the DTU
LED STATUS SIGNIFICANCE
PWR ON Power to DTU is OK
OFF No Power to DTU
LINE ON DNIC – Card in the MUX and pair from MUX to DTU is OK
BLINKING Either DNIC card or pair is defective ( Pair break or short)
DTR ON Connection and router port configuration is OK
OFF Either connection or Router port configuration is missing
READY ON DTU of both ends are synchronizing and ready for data
exchange.
OFF or MW link or MUX configuration problem. Both sides speed
BLINKING setting may be different.

RJ-11: For connecting line ( Under Ground pair) to DTU

Power Pin: To connect power adapter out put to DTU
Port A&B : To Connect Router WAN port to DTU.
Note: in a DTU only one port either Port –A or
Port – B has been used

IRCOT
 RAD MAKE MODEM (ASM-20) RAD

It is a 64 kbps, 4Wires leased line modem. It is used in DoT 64 kbps

leased circuits in pairs of V.35 and G703 types as shown in diagram.
Field Side CRIS Side

ROUTER ROUTER
…….. …….. …….. ……..
……..
PORT ……..
PORT ……..
PORT ……..
PORT

4w LINE or 4w LINE or
ASM-20 2 cable pairs 2 cable pairs
V.35 ASM-20 DoT NETWORK ASM-20
ASM-20
G703 G703
V.35

LED STATUS IN NORMAL FUNCTIONING

LED STATUS
PWR ON
RTS ON
TD ON / FLASHING
RD ON / FLASHING
DCD ON
ERR OFF
TEST OFF

IRCOT
 RAD
RAD ASM-20
FRONT PANEL

PWR RTS TD RD DCD TEST ERR

DIG ANA REM PATT

WHAT LED INDICATES:

LED SIGNIFICANCE
PWR Green LED is on when power is ON.
RTS Yellow LED is on when router sends request to send signal
TD Yellow LED glows when modem is connected with router port and router
port is enabled to send data.
RD Yellow LED glows when receive pair is connected to modem and blinks
when data is received from channel.
TEST Red LED is on when modem is on loop test.
DCD Yellow LED is on when modem is synchronised with its counterpart modem
at local end.
ERR Yellow LED indicates Error if test is lit.
ERR: LED goes ON momentarily when PATT switch is activated and then
goes out. If there are errors in the test pattern, the LED blinks or remains ON.

FUNCTIONS OF PUSH BUTTONS:

DIG: Digital loop back switch . When it is pressed the modem loops back the received
data and clock to transmitter.
ANA: Analog loop back switch. When pressed the local transmitting data is looped
back to its receiver.
REM: Remote digital looop back switch. When pressed it causes the remote ASM-20 to
loop received data and clock to its transmitter.
PATT: Pattern switch. When pressed ASM-20 send and receive a 511 test pattern. If
there is error the ERR LED is ON or blinks.
IRCOT
 ANA RAD
PRESSED

XTMR
DATA
TERMINAL ASM-20 ANALOG LOOP BACK
RCVR

DIG
PRESSED

P M XTMR RCVR

C U ASM-20 ASM-20
(REMOTE) DIGITAL LOOP BACK
M X (LOCAL)
RCVR XTMR

LOOP ING

IRCOT
 ZYXEL

FRONT PANEL

PWR OH AA DTR DSR

DISPLAY
TXD RXD CD RTS CTS

LED AND PUSH BUTTONS

Modem front panel has 10 LEDs and 4 push buttons. It also has one display window on the front panel as shown above.
LEDs:
PWR(Power): Lights up when power switch is turned ON.
OH(Off Hook): Lights up when modem is in data mode or off hook. It goes off when modem is in talk mode or ON hook. (Dial up)
AA(Auto answer): Used in dial up mode and lights up when modem lis in auto answer, flashes when modem rings. (dial up)
DTR(Data Terminal Ready): Lights up when Router or Computer cable is connected and configured and ready to work.
DSR(Data Set Ready):Light up when modem is ready to work with PC or Router.
TXD (Transmit Data): ON when Router / Computer sends data on serial port.
RXD(Receive Data): ON when router / Computer receives data on serial port.
CD(Carrier Detect): Lights up when remote end modem synchronize with each other.
RTS(Request to Send): Lights up when router / Computer starts sending data (before sending it sends a RTS signal to modem).
CTS( Clear to Send): Lights up when modem can accept data for transmission.
Note: Before sending data Router/ Computer sends a signal RTS to modem , after receiving it modems sends back
CTS signal to router / computer. After receiving CTS by Router / Computer it starts sending signal.

IRCOT
 ZYXEL
REAR PANEL
POWER RS232 Dialup Phone Leased
On/Off Jack Port Line Line Line

0 1

POWER Power switch, Turn the modem ON or OFF

POWER JACK Input terminal for power adopter.
LEASED LINE Lease line JM-8 terminal Jack for connection to a 2 / 4 Wire leased
line.
DIAL UP LINE Dial up line RJ-11 terminal jack, for connection to a 2W dial up line.
PHONE Telephone line RJ-11 terminal jack, for connection to a telephone
set.
EIA-232D Serial port DB25S connector for connection to the serial port of a
DTE ( Router / Computer)

IRCOT
 ZYXEL

LEDs STATUS IN NORMAL WORKING ORDER ( LEASED / DIALUP LINE)

LED LEASED LINE MODE STATUS DIAL UP MODE STATUS

POWER ON ON
OH OFF OFF
AA OFF ON
DTR ON ON
DSR ON ON
TXD ON ( Blinks when data transmits) ON
RXD ON ( Blinks when data receives) ON
CD ON ON
RTS ON ON
CTS ON ON

IRCOT
IRCOT
 UPS for
UPS for Datacom Eqpt.
PC, Monitor etc

Indicator

MODEMS

IRCOT
 Failure in Railway / DOT channels
In case Router of distant location is not accessible to CRIS /
Divisional Locations and the status of modem indicates line
fault.
Operator at distant location shall check up whether the
system is working on Railway Microwave Channel or DOT
leased line as indicated on the link panel installed at that
station.
In case of fault in Railway Microwave channel fault
should be reported to local Microwave station and operator
should give test to MW staff on duty as desired by him.
In case of DOT channel compliant should be lodged with
local DOT office & complaint no. should be taken.
Operator should give test to DOT staff on duty as and when
desired by him. IRCOT
IRCOT
bjdkV
IRCOT
 ROUTER
The routing table consists of :

1. All known network addresses

2. How to connect to other networks

3. The possible paths between various routers

4. The costs of sending data over these paths

IRCOT
 ROUTER
What is a Router ?
Routers are OSI layer 3 ( Network Layer) Devices, which
connect 2 or more local area networks by exchanging protocol
specific information.
How Does a Router Work ?
Since Routers are network layer devices, they are more
intelligent than bridges and they have access to specific network
addressing information which is maintained in the routing table.
Remember ?
1. Routers do not allow broadcast traffic.
2. Routers only talk to routers and not to remote computers.
3. Bridges also maintain a routing table but this contains the
MAC addresses.
4. Routing table in the routers maintain a list of IP addresses

IRCOT
 ASCOM

FAULT TM RX NRDY RXD

MENU SCROLL SELECT TX NRDY

ascom

IRCOT
 Connectivity Diagram Modem to Modem
(ASCOM MODEM)

To V.35
Local G703 X.21 link G703
Local V.35 To
Modem Modem Modem Modem
Router Cable Cable Router
A 2W B B 2W A
Line Line

IRCOT
 ASCOM
Local Loop Test (Analog Loop)
MODEM-A

Electronic
Router Circuitry

ASCOM

1. Go in Test Menu and select on display

T> Loc Loop Off
by pressing scroll buttons.
2. Press SELECT button to Activate
T> Loc Loop On
Local Loop.
3. In loop condition status menu will display
Loop Active & the TM LED should glow.
4. Press SELECT button again. It will
T> Loc Loop Off
De- activate the loop and TM shall be off.
IRCOT
 ASCOM
Loop Back Test ( Digital Loop)
MODEM-A

Electronic
Router Circuitry Line

ASCOM

1. Go in Test Menu and select on display

T> Loop back Off
by pressing scroll buttons.
2. Press SELECT button to Activate
T> Loop back On
loop back (Digital Loop).
3. In loop condition status menu will display
Loop Active & the TM LED should glow.
4. Press SELECT button again. It will T> Loop back Off
De- activate the loop and TM shall be off.
IRCOT
 FLOW CHART FOR FAULT DETECTION

Switch ‘ON’ the PC

Problem with No No
Desktop screen appears in few minutes
booting
Yes No light comes up
on PC/Monitor
Call Vendor/take
guidance from NCC Is RMS icon present on desktop
No Check UPS light
Create RMS icon Yes
UPS giving beep No Check PC
Double click Yes Power Cord
RMS application icon Check input supply to UPS and
its cord

Displays connection not

Log on window appears established

Check green light on NIC

Feed password etc. at the back of PC

Work normally No ‘A’ check

A Green light glows
cable
Cable connector at PC Yes
Remove & put again No Ping the IP of your PC
PC faulty Yes
Problem persists Ping the IP of your switch
No Yes No
Cable connector at IO jack Go to ‘B’ Ping the IP of your router
Remove & put again Yes
Ping the IP of server at CRIS
Problem persists No Yes
Channel Problem with RMS application
B Check the light on switch faulty
Call NCC and reload
ON OFF application as per procedure
Check cable Check its power switch Given by NCC
at switch

Check cable from ON OFF Switch ON C

Switch to router
IRCOT
 NANGAL DAM YARD
KHANALAMPURA(3+0)
ROPAR
4/3+0+0
AMBALA(5+3) LOBBY
SIRHIND YARD
10/5+3+0
DANDARI KALAN(1+1) 4/2+0
4/1+1+0 YARD
MORADABAD(5/3) 4/2+0+0
JALANDHAR(1+0)
4/1+0+0 10/5+3+1
LUDHIANA(5+0) MUGHAL SARAI
4/4+0+0
LUCKNOW
10/3+1+0
PANIPAT 10/6+3+1
BHAOLI
FIREOZEPUR(5/2) TUNDLA
10/2+1 VARANASI 4/0+0+0
10/5+2+0 RAILWAY SHAKUR
BOARD
4/3+0+1
WASTI
BHATINDA(4)
4/4+0+0

NFL14)
4/1+0+0 CRIS
KANPUR/GMC
10/4+0+0
BARODA
HOUSE CHEOKI
TUGHLAKABAD
BIKANER(6/2) 4/2+0+0
10/6+2+0 PNK
4/2+0+0
REWARI(2+0)
4/2+0+0

Station(LAN+DIAL-UP)
JODHPUR(2+2)
10/2+2+0
CAPACITY/LEASED LINE+DIAL-UP+ISDNIRCOT
 IMPORTANT DOT / RAILWAY NOS.

DOT channel / ISDN / PSTN Railway Channel

S.No. Station Circuit Telephone Circuit Telephone
nos. to be nos. to be
connected connected

1 BKN BKN-CRIS 0151-527896 BKN-CRIS 2484, 2478

BKN-BTI 0151-526716 BKN-RE
BKN-JU 0151-524131

2 UMB UMB-CRIS 0171-645616 UMB-CRIS 4343, 4349

UMB-LDH 0171-640811 UMB-KJGY
UMB-LDH

3 FZR FZR-CRIS 44500 FZR-CRIS 2123, 2113

FZR-BTI 46111, 46112 FZR-JUC
FZR-LDH

4 JU JU-CRIS 0291-431690
JU-BKN 0291-431640
JU(PSTN) 0291-430090

5 JUC JUC-FZR 0181-224155 JUC-FZR 3056, 3054

JUC-CRIS 0181-52484 JUC-CRIS

6 LDH LDH-FZR 3052, 3050

7 RE RE-BKN 2484
RE-CRIS

8 BTI BTI-FZR 0198-211110 CRIS-BTI 4117, 4119

BTI-BKN 0198-256151 UMB-BTI

9 SRE KJGY-UMB 4117, 4119 (RLY)

IRCOT
726910(DOT)