P.E.S.

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
(An Autonomous Institution, Affiliated to VTU, Belgaum)
Mandya - 571 401
PROJECT SYNOPSIS
ON
“INTELLIGENT EV PARKING LOTS”
Submitted in partial fulfilment of requirement for the award of degree in electrical and electronics
Engineering

GAURAV SINGH 4PS15EE009

AMRUTHESH.N 4PS15EE401
PRASANNA KUMAR 4PS16EE409
ROHAN JOHN D SOUZA 4PS16EE411

Under the guidance of

Dr. S. S. PARTHASARATHY M.Tech.PhD.
Professor
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
ABSTRACT:
This Project is aimed at modelling of a distinct smart charging station for
electric vehicles (EVs) that is suitable for DC quick EV charging while ensuring
minimum stress on the power grid.
Operation of the charging station is managed in such a way that it is either
supplied by photovoltaic (PV) power or the power grid, and the vehicle-to-grid
(V2G) is also implemented for improving the stability of the grid during peak
load hours.
The PV interfaced DC/DC converter and grid interfaced AC/DC bidirectional
converter share a DC bus.
Modelling and control of the different components are explained and are
implemented in Matlab Simulink.
Simulations illustrate the feasible behaviour of the charging station under all
operating modes in terms of the four-way interaction among PV, EVs and the
grid along with V2G operation
Abstract:
• This Project is aimed at modelling of a distinct smart charging station for
electric vehicles (EVs) that is suitable for DC quick EV charging while
ensuring minimum stress on the power grid.
• Operation of the charging station is managed in such a way that it is either
supplied by photovoltaic (PV) power or the power grid, and the vehicle-to-
grid (V2G) is also implemented for improving the stability of the grid during
peak load hours.
• The PV interfaced DC/DC converter and grid interfaced AC/DC bidirectional
converter share a DC bus.
Modelling and control of the different components are explained and are
implemented in Matlab Simulink.
• Simulations illustrate the feasible behaviour of the charging station under
all operating modes in terms of the four-way interaction among PV, EVs and
the grid along with V2G operation
 Introduction:
 The worldwide adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is significantly on the
rise over the classic fossil fuel vehicles.

 The smart grid concept of integrating renewable energy sources (RES) with
the grid utility
 V2G (Vehicle to Grid) technology can also be combined where EVs owners
can achieve a balance of demand via charging/discharging modes.
 This Project focuses on an optimization algorithm of CS power to be
allocated to charge EVs, the goal is to use minimum energy from the utility
by implementing a subsystem gathered the RES with the energy storage
unit
 The group gathering the PV array and the battery storage buffer
(BSB) to charge EV batteries, is considered as a potential strategy for
charging EVs when AC load (residential, commercial and industrial
customer) is given high priority to be power up from the electrical
network.

 On one hand, to maintain the continuity of service for the overall

system with quite level of efficiency. On the other hand, to decrease
the consumption of grid power in order to obtain the required
financial outcomes.
 The CS performance would be improved using an optimization
algorithm, therefore, the power flow is determined from control
switches provided by the energy management unit (EMU).
Block Diagram and Description:

Solar Panel Power grid

DC / DC Converter AC / DC Converter

Battery Charging Circuit

Battery

EV Charging Circuit

Load
PV System:
 A photovoltaic system, also PV system or solar power system, is a power system designed to supply
usable solar power by means of photovoltaic..
 Although a PV array produces power when exposed to sunlight, a number of other components are required to
properly conduct, control, convert, distribute, and store the energy produced by the array.

Power Grid:
 An electric grid is a network of synchronized power providers and consumers that are connected by
transmission and distribution lines and operated by one or more control centres. When most people talk about
the power "grid," they're referring to the transmission system for electricity.
DC to DC Converter:
 A DC-to-DC converter is an electronic circuit or electromechanical device that converts a source of direct
current (DC) from one voltage level to another. It is a type of electric power converter. Power levels range from
very low (small batteries) to very high (high-voltage power transmission).
AC to DC Converter:
 The ac to dc converter converts the ac input into the dc output. Average power is transferred from an ac source
to a dc load. The ac to dc converter is called as rectifier.
Battery Charging Circuit:
 A battery charger, or recharger, is a device used to put energy into a secondary cell or rechargeable battery by
 relatively small amount of current, only enough to counteract self-discharge of a battery that is idle for a long
time.
 EV Charging circuit:
 EV charging circuit is designed to charge electric vehicle.

Advantages
 Good accuracy of charging.
 Low noise device due designing of filter circuit.
 Smooth switching operation due usage power electronic switches.
 Easy to maintain.
 High speed charging device.
Applications
 It can be used in vehicle parking area station to Electric vehicles.
 This system can be used in public sector areas.

Software Requirements:
 Matlab 2012 or Higher Version.
. Literature Survey (IEEE Paper Publication):
 Literature Survey 1:
Dynamic Charging Scheduling for EV Parking Lots with Photovoltaic Power System
IEEE 2018-11-18

 This paper studies the optimal charging scheduling for Electric Vehicles (EVs) in a workplace parking lot, powered by both the
Photovoltaic Power (PV) system and the power grid. Due to the uncertainty and fluctuation of solar energy and the time-
varying EV charging requirements, it is challenging to guarantee the economic operation of the parking lot charging station.
To address this issue, we formulate the EV charging scheduling in the parking lot as a benefit maximization problem. First, by
analysing the relationship among the EV charging requirements, the charging load and the harvested solar energy, we derive
several necessary conditions for obtaining an optimal decision, such that the primal optimization problem can be simplified.
Then, we design a Dynamic Charging Scheduling Scheme (DCSS) to manage the EV charging processes, in which the Model
Predictive Control (MPC) method is employed to deal with the realtime information of EV charging requirements and the solar
energy. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the designed DCSS.

 Literature Survey 2:
Power Management Strategies of Electric Vehicle Charging Station Based Grid Tied PV-Battery System
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of RENEWABLE ENERGY RESEARCH A.Hassoune et al., Vol.8, No.2, June, 2018
This paper proposes power management strategies for a grid tied PV storage system in electric vehicle charging station (EVCS).
The strategy is designed to be implemented in the power control system of the CS. The control proceeds depending on the
integration of renewable energy sources by adopting an optimization algorithm, in order to minimize stress on existing power and
to reduce the cost of consumed energy based on the electrical grid in standalone mode. This work explains in detail the approach
via simulation results of a 15kW PV-Grid system connected with 40kWh lithium-ion battery and a load flow of five EVs. However,
a power predictive model is described in this research, it is based on a real time monitoring of power demand and supply, where
a reliable data communication between the CS and the plugged EV is achieved. Additionally, various parameters are involved in
the
References:
 [1] United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). How human activities produce
greenhouse gases. http://unfccc.int/cop3/fccc/climate/fact22.htm, 2000.

 [2] P. Nunes, R. Figueiredo, and M. C. Brito. The use of parking lots to solar-charge electric vehicles. Renew.
Sustainable Energy Rev., 66:679– 693, 2016.

 [3] X. Fang, S. Misra, G. Xue, and D. Yang. Smart grid the new and improved power grid: A survey. IEEE Commun.
Surv. Tutor., 14(4):944– 980.