Producción de frio

Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning

(HVAC)

PFE82

Psychrometry
 Psychrometry

Psicrometría es una rama de la ciencia que estudia las

propiedades Termodinámicas del aire húmedo y del efecto de
la humedad atmosférica sobre los materiales y sobre el confort
Humano.
 Psychrometry
Properties of air

 Pressure

 Dry-bulb temperature

 Wet-bulb temperatura

 Dew-point Temperature

 Absolute humidity

 Relative humidity

 Enthalpy
 Psychrometry
Air is a mixture of nitrogen,
oxygen, and small amounts of
some other gases. Air in the
atmosphere normally contains
some water vapor (or moisture)
and is referred to as atmospheric
air. By contrast, air that contains
no water vapor is called dry air.
 Psychrometry
 Pressure
The atmospheric air can be treated as an
ideal-gas mixture whose pressure is the
sum of the partial pressure of dry air Pa and
that of water vapor Pv:
 Psychrometry
 Dry-bulb temperature
The ordinary temperature of atmospheric air
 Psychrometry
 Wet-bulb temperature
To use a thermometer whose bulb is covered with a cotton wick saturated
with water and to blow air over the wick
 Psychrometry
 Dew-point Temperature
The temperature at which condensation begins when the air is
cooled at constant pressure
 Psychrometry
 Absolute o specific humidity
The mass of water vapor present in a unit mass of dry air
 Psychrometry
 Relative humidity
The amount of moisture the air holds (mv) relative to the maximum amount
of moisture the air can hold at the same temperature (mg)
 Psychrometry
 Enthalpy
The temperature of air in air conditioning
applications ranges from about -10°C to
about 50°C.
 Psychrometry
 Enthalpy
Water vapor in air behaves as if it existed
alone and obeys the ideal-gas relation
Pv=RT

The temperature range -10 to 50°C

(or 15 to 120°F), with negligible
error
 Psychrometry
 Enthalpy
 Psychrometry
A 5m x 5m x 3m room shown in figure contains air at 25°C and 100kPa at a
relative humidity of 75 percent. Determine (a) the partial pressure of dry air, (b)
the specific humidity, (c) the enthalpy per unit mass of the dry air, and (d ) the
masses of the dry air and water vapor in the room.
 Psychrometry
In cold weather, condensation frequently occurs on the inner surfaces of the
windows due to the lower air temperatures near the window surface. Consider
a house, shown in figure, that contains air at 20°C and 75 percent relative
humidity. At what window temperature will the moisture in the air start
condensing on the inner surfaces of the windows?
Psychrometry
Psychrometry
The Psychrometric Chart
 The Psychrometric Chart

 Simple Heating and Cooling (ω constant)

 Heating with Humidification
 Cooling with Dehumidification
 Evaporative Cooling
 The Psychrometric Chart

An air-conditioning system is to take in outdoor air at 10°C and 30 percent

relative humidity at a steady rate of 45 m3/min and to condition it to 25°C
and 60 percent relative humidity. The outdoor air is first heated to 22°C in
the heating section and then humidified by the injection of hot steam in the
humidifying section. Assuming the entire process takes place at a pressure of
100 kPa, determine:

 Rate of heat supply in the heating section and

 Mass flow rate of the steam required in the humidifying section.