MATERIAL HANDELLING

EQUIPMENTS
 HOISTING MACHINERY

CRANES

HOISTING
ELEVATORS
EQUIPEMENTS
CONVEYORS

LOAD TRANSFERRING MACHINES

AUXILLARY DEVICES

AIR OPERATED DEVICES

HYDRAULIC DEVICES
CONVEYING EQUIPEMENTS

TRACKLESS TRUCKS

NARROW GAUGE CARS

CROSS HANDELLING DEVICES

MATERIAL HANDELLING EQUIPMENTS

EQUIPMENTS

OVERHEAD TRACKAGE SYSTEMS

SURFACE AND OVERHEAD

SCRAPPER AND SKIDDER DEVICES

 CHOICE OF MATERIAL HANDELLING
EQUIPEMENTS
The proper choice of device requires study of
following points.
• Kind and properties of loads to be handled
• Required hourly capacity
• Direction and length of travel
• Methods of stacking loads at initial, final and
intermediate points
• Characteristics of production process involved in
moving loads
• Specific local conditions
 CAGE ELEVATORS
PORTABLE AIR OPERATED HOISTS
MANUALLY PROPELLED STACKERS
ELEVATORS VERTICAL SKIP ELEVATORS
MAST TYPE ELEVATORS
FANICULERS
STATIONERY ROTORY CRANES
CRANES TRAVELLING ON GUIED RAILS
TRACKLESS CRANES
LOCOMOTIVE AND CROWLER MOUNTED
CRANES
CRANES
HOISTING BRIDGE TYPE CRANES
EQUIPMENTS CABLE CRANES
FLOATING CRANES
JACKS
PULLEYS
PORTABLE HAND HOIST
HAND TROLLY HOIST
HOISTING PORTABLE POWER OPERATED HOIST
MACHINERY TRAVELLING POWER UPERATED HOIST
SPECIAL PURPOSE MONORAIL TELPHERS
WINCHES
CRANE TROLLEYS
 GUYED BOOM CRANE
WALL GIB CRANE
CRANES WITH PIVOTED POST
CRANES WITH FIXED PILLER
STATIONERY ROTORY CRANES
CRANES WITH TURN TABLE
DERRICKS
HAMMER HEAD CRANES
CANTILEVER CRANES
CEILING MOUNTED CRANES
MONORAIL CRANES
CRANES TRAVELLING ON RAILS
TOWER CRANES
PORTAL CRANES
CRANES ON HAND TRUCKS
CRANES TRACKLESS CRANES
CRANES ON POWER DRIVEN TRUCKS
TRUCK MOUNTED CRANES
TRACTOR MOUNTED CRANES
RAILWAY CRANES
LOCOMOTIVE OR CROWLER
MOUNTED CRANES CROWLER MOUNTED CRANES

GIRDER CRANES
SINGLE GIRDER OVERHEAD TRAVELLING
CRANES
BRIDGE TYPE OF CRANES DOUBLE GIRDER OVERHEAD TRAVELLING
CRANES
GANTRY AND SEMIGANTRY CRANES
LOAD TRANSFER BRIDGES
EOT crane with different components
 ESSENTIAL PARAMETERS FOR
SPECIFING EOT CRANES
1) Crane Capacity * -
2) Lift Height -
3) Runway Height – The distance between the grade level and the top of the
rail.
4) Clearance-
5) Clear Span-
6) Building Height-
7) Runway Length- The longitudinal run of the runway rail parallel to the length
of the building.
8) Hook approaches -
9) Bridge, Trolley and Lift Speeds -
10) Electrical Requirements - Specify the circuit voltage shall not exceed 600
volts for AC or DC current. Ideally 480 volt, 3 phase, 60 hertz for US
requirements. The runway power is usually by conductor bar and hoisting
trolley by festoon cable.
11) Control Requirements - The control circuit voltage at pendant pushbuttons
shall not exceed 150 volts for AC and 300 volts for DC. Other control options
including radio control, free-floating pendant (festooned) or hoist-mounted
pendant requirements must be stated
 Flexible Hoisting appliances
• Chains -:
– Welded chains-:
• Welded chains are formed from oval steel links in the sequence.
Links for welded chains are formed by number of methods. Wide
spread methods are hammer forged and electric arc welding.
• Such chains are used in low capacity hoisting machines and hand
driven appliances with lifting speed of about 0.6 to 0.75 m/sec.
• Such chains are of heavy weight and susceptible to jerks and
overloads. Intensive wear at links results in sudden failure.
– Roller chains -:
• Roller chains are composed of plates hinged jointed by pins. They
are used for light loads to be transmitted in one plane only. For
heavier loads number of plates can be increased. Such chains are
used in winches. Also cannot be used in dusty premises because
joints are extremely susceptible to abrasive dust. Maximum
limiting speed is 0.25 m/sec.
• Ropes
– Hemp ropes -:
• Hemp ropes are made up of fabric. This has poor
mechanical properties( rapid abrasion, inadequate
strength, rapid damage from sharp edges, atmospheric
effect) hence can be used for hand operated machines
they are classified as plain laid and cable laid.
 – Steel wire ropes-
• These wire ropes are having following advantages
• Lighter in weight
• Less susceptibility to damage from jerks
• Silent operations even at higher speeds
• Greater reliability , fail safe in operation
• Cost of wire ropes is less than chain but require larger
drums which make the entire hoisting mechanism
heavier and more cumbersome. In process of
manufacture a wire is subjected to special heat
treatment along with cold drawn process.
• Cranes operated in dry premises utilize the ropes made
of uncoated wires. Ropes intended for operation in
damp premises are galvanized (zinc coated) to protect
them against corrosion. However load lifting capacity
of galvanized wire is about 10% lower due to
tempering effect of hot zinc coating.
• In fabrication of wire rope initially separate wires are twisted
in to strands and then strands are twisted to form wire rope.
Core strand used is hemp rope. Gaps are filled up by asbestos
to reduce the friction between twisted wires during
operation.
• Cross section of wire rope is as follows.
 Classification of wire ropes
ACCORDING WIRE SIZE
Ordinary Warrington Compound

Same wire size Tow wire sizes Two or more wire sezes

Plain distribution Core part is made up of small Core and outer ring is made up of
wires. Outer ring is of alternate big size wires. Other portion is of
sizes plain distribution of small wires.
Similar stress distribution hence Outer layer bends in valleys formed Unit pressure lies between first two
unit pressure is more by inner layers hence reducing unit types
pressure
Life is lesser Life is more Life is intermediate.
ACCORDING TO DIRECTION OF TWISTING

Cross lay or Regular lay Parallel lay Or Long lay Composite or Reverse lay

Twisting direction of wires in Twisting direction of wires in Twisting direction of wires in

strands and twisting direction strands and twisting direction adjacent strands are opposite
of strands in rope are in of strands in rope are in same in nature.
opposite direction direction
More stability over sheave Less stability over sheave Not regularly used

Greater resistance to Lesser resistance to distortion Intermediate

distortion
Less flexible More flexible

Larger sheave and drum sizes Lesser sheave and drum sizes Intermediate

Larger wear hence lesser life Lesser wear hence more life

Fabrication complexity is Fabrication complexity is Fabrication is more complex

moderate lesser