Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 29

PRE-FABRICATED

STRUCTURES

BY
PRIYARANJAN BEHERA
8th SEM, CIVIL ENGG
PMEC,Berhampur

1
CONTENTS

 INTRODUCTION.

 PREFAB CONCEPT.

 PREFABRICATION.

 PREFAB COMPONENTS.

 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES.

 CONCLUSIONS.
2
INTRODUCTION

3
PREFAB CONCEPT

What is prefabrication?
 Prefabrication is the practice of assembling
components of a structure in a factory or
other manufacturing site, and transporting complete
assemblies or sub-assemblies to the construction site
where the structure is to be located.
 It is combination of good design with modern high
performance components and quality controlled
manufacturing procedures.
 This work is carried out in two stages, manufacturing of
components in a place other than final location and
their erection in position.

4
PREFAB CONCEPT
 Prefabricated sections are produced in large quantities
in a factory and then shipped to various construction
sites.

 This procedure may allow work to continue despite


poor weather conditions and should reduce any waste
in time and material at the site.

 Precast concrete units are cast and hardened before


being used for construction

 Sometimes builders cast components at the building


site and hoist them into place after they harden.

 This technique permits the speedy erection of


structures.
5
PRE FABRICATION
 The Prefabrication as defined will be done in two stages
Manufacturing at factory condition and erection of
components at the required location.

 This requires certain stages of preparation. They are

Casting.
Curing.
Transportation and erection.

 Casting: - Precast components are casted with controlled


cement concrete in moulds of required shape and sizes.
The vibrator is used to vibrate concrete and this removes
any honeycombing inside the components.

6
7
PRE FABRICATION

 Curing: - After 24 hours of casting, the casted


components are released from the mould and
transported to curing tanks. Certain special
components like railway sleepers where high
strength is required are steam cured.

8
9
PRE FABRICATION

 Transportation and erection: - After complete


curing is done the components are transported to
the site with heavy trucks and erection will be
done using cranes with skilled labour force.

10
11
PRE FABRICATION
For Indian conditions partial prefabrication is
well suited.

12
PREFAB BUILDING
COMPONENTS

13
PREFAB BUILDING COMPONENTS

Some of the prefabricated components are as


explained below

 Columns: - A column is a vertical member


carrying the beam and floor loadings to the
foundation.

 It is a compression member and therefore the


column connection is required to be proper.

 The main principle involved in making column


connections is to ensure continuity and this can be
achieved by a variety of methods.

14
Column to Column Connection 15
PREFAB BUILDING COMPONENTS
 Beams: - Beams can vary in their complexity of design
and reinforcement from the very simple beam formed
over an isolated opening to the more common
encountered in frames where the beams transfer their
loadings to the column.

Methods of connecting beams and columns are


A precasting concrete haunch is cast on to the column
with a locating dowel or stud bolt to fix the beam.
 A projecting metal corbel is fixed to the column and
the beam is bolted to the corbel.
 Column and beam reinforcement, generally in the form
of hooks, are left exposed. The two members are
hooked together and covered with insitu concrete to
complete the joint.
 This is as shown in the figure.

16
17
PREFAB BUILDING COMPONENTS

 Waffle unit for flooring / roofing: - These are


suitable for roofs / floors spanning in two
directions.

 They are laid in a grid pattern.

 These units are cast in moulds.

 The saving achieved is not much. Also Shuttering


are complicated and costly.

 Time consumption for construction is less

18
19
SLAB TO BEAM CONNECTION
20
GLANCE AT BUILDING PROCESS
21
ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES

22
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
Advantages:

 Saving in cost, material, time & manpower.

 Shuttering and scaffolding is not necessary.

 Installation of building services and finishes can be


done immediately.

 Independent of weather condition.

 Components produced at close supervision .so


quality is good

23
ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES

Advantages:

 Clean and dry work at site.

 Possibility of alterations and reuse

 Correct shape and dimensions and sharp edges are


maintained.

 Very thin sections can be entirely precast with


precision.

24
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Disadvantages:

 Handling and transportation may cause breakages of


members during the transit and extra provision is to
be made.

 Difficulty in connecting precast units so as to produce


same effect as monolithic. This leads to non-
monolithic construction.

 They are to be exactly placed in position, otherwise


the loads coming on them are likely to get changed
and the member may be affected.

25
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Disadvantages:

 High transport cost

 Need of erection equipment

 Skilled labour and supervision is required.

26
CONCLUSION
 The prefab components and prefab structures
eliminate space and time over conventional
constructions.

 Although prefabrication is employed to a large


extent in a wide variety of countries, in India,
construction industry, in spite of its expansion
continues to adopt same conventional methods.

  The root of the economic problem is the fact that


the majority of the households do not have the
confidence needed to construct prefab houses.

 These structures are easy to erect as it is light


material. This type of prefab buildings were
constructed in earthquake prone areas of Lature and
Gujarat. 27
REFERENCES
 Google.com

 Wikipedia.org

 Britanica.com

 www.dictionaryofconstruction.com

 bkaviani.wordpress.com

 www.concrete.org.uk

 IE (I) Journal—AR 28
THANK YOU

29

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi