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Matematika
2
3 MARET 2019
The Real Number
Real numbers or real numbers in mathematics are expressed as numbers that can be written in decimal eg
3.57483725297 ... or 47.25667. Realistic numbers, and irrational numbers, real numbers can also be represented as
one point in the number line:
Rational numbers or fractions are numbers
whose members consist of integers, limited
decimal numbers, infinite repetitive decimal
Rational Number numbers, ordinary fractions, and mixed
fractions. Rational numbers are numbers that
can be expressed in the form of a / b with a, b
integers and b ≠ 0
Ex : 1, -2, 2/3
4
THE OPERATIONS OF INTERGERS
1 Addition Substraction 2
Addition of Round Numbers for any integer a, b, and
c. apply the addition properties as follows: In general it can be said
• Commutative properties a + b = b + a
• Associative properties (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
01 that reducing a number is
tantamount to adding the
• Element of identity a + 0 = 0 + a = a 0 is called an
number to the opponent.
identity element (neutral) for addition
• inverse of addition a + (-a) = -a + a = 0 -a is called
the inverse of the sum of a, and a is called the inverse
02 a - b = a + (-b)
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FRACTION (PECAHAN)
Addition Multiplication
𝑎 𝑏 𝑎+𝑏 \ Multiplyingtwo fractions is done by
Definition : 𝑐 + 𝑐 = 𝑐 multiplying the numerator with the
numerator and denominator with the
denominator.
Substraction Division
Distribution is the opposite of
𝑎 𝑏 𝑑 𝑏 𝑑 𝑎
Generally ( - )= so + = multiplication operations, generally b x
𝑐 𝑐 𝑐 𝑐 𝑐 𝑐 (a: b) a. so if a: b = c then b x c = a.
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EXPONENTS
The Principle am x an =
am+n
Exponents
𝑚
𝑛 am : an =
𝑎 = 𝑎𝑚 an = a x a x a x .. x a
am-n
𝑛
n factors
a as base number (left), from a
(right) as factor
n as exponents identicate many of
1
More (am)n = factors
a-n =
𝑎𝑛 amn
a0 = 1, a ≠ 0
(a.b)m =
ambm
𝑎 𝑎𝑛
(𝑏)n = 𝑏𝑚 ,
7 b≠0
𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛
a is called radicand
ROOT OF A REAL NUMBER n as index, identicate the root or
exponen of roots
Definition
b= 𝒏
𝒂 𝐢𝐬 𝐦𝐞𝐚𝐧 bn = a
The Operation
1. Addition and Substraction
Rationalization Of Deminator
8
8
𝑛 𝑛
If 𝑚
𝑎 , 𝑏 . m = n, a = b is called If 𝑚
𝑎 , 𝑏 . m = n, is called similar.
same name. It’s can addition and It’s can multiplication, and division (
Subcration, multiplication, and Buku pegangan guru kelas X Edisi
division ( Buku pegangan guru kelas Revisi)
X Edisi Revisi)
Example : 2 + 3
Example : 2 + 2 2 2
7 + 6
2 2
3 + 3
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LOGARITHM The Principle
1. Principle Multiplication Check
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3
4
CONVERTION ( KONVERSI )
Fractions to
Decimals
Converstion of fraction to decimal from
Decimal can be don’t by step dividing the
numerator
to percent
Kind of fraction konversi desimal ke persen dapat
𝑎 dilakukan dengan mengalikan pecahan
General Fraction : 𝑏
desimal tersebut dengan 100%.
Decimal : marked with commas 3
Contoh: 4 = 0,75 = 0,75 𝑥 100% =
Percent : marked with %
75%
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3
4
CONVERTION ( KONVERSI )
Decimal to
Fraction
Decimal Finited:
2 45
Contoh: 0,2 = : 10 dan 0,45 = :100
Percent to decimal Infinite repeating decimal
Chage the symbol % to 1/100 then simplify it numbers
Contoh :
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APPROXIMATION ERROR
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ROUNDING
We know there are three ways of rounding the measurement results:
Rounding to
Rounding to Rounding to a significant
the nearest a decimal number
unit
a. All numbers other than zero are significant
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MEASURING ( PENGUKURAN)
16
THANK YOU !
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