A

MINOR PROJECT REPORT

ON

“STUDY OF HIGH STENGTH CONCRETE

WITH STEEL FIBER REINFORCEMENT”

submitted to
Vishwavidyalaya Engineering college, Lakhanpur
( Sant Gahira Guru University Ambikapur)
 Towards partial fulfillment of the degree of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERINGIN CIVIL ENGINEERING
HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE WITH STEEL FIBER
REINFORCEMENT

GUIDED BY :- SUBMITTED BY :-
MISS- BHARTI SHARMA MANISH KUMAR THAKUR
DEKESHWAREE SINGH
SHASHIKALA
ANANT GUPTA
RAJU GIDDH
Civil Engineering Department
Vishwavidyalya Engineering College Lakhanpur
Sant Gahira guru university ,Ambikapur (c.g)
SESSION 2018-19
 HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE
USING STEEL FIBER REINFORCEMENT
STATE OF THE ART
 CONTENTS

• INTRODUCTION
• TYPES OF FIBERS
• MACHENICAL PROPERTIES OF FRC
• STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR OF FRC
• ADVANTAGES OF FRC
• DISADVANTAGES OF FRC
• AREA OF APPLICATION OF SFRC
• CONCLUSION
• REFRENCE
 INTRODUCTION
`
In recent year , Significant advances has been made in developing high
strength concrete (HSC). Although the main application of HSC is in high
rise buildings, it is receiving increasing attention in other areas such as
bridge construction, precast and pre stressed concrete etc, due to its high
modulus of elasticity, high tensile strength ,early strength development, low
creep and low shrinkage. In high rise –building ,it offers considerable
advantages such as reduction in column sizes and higher stiffness.
The definition of high strength concrete varies with time and region
depending on the development in the construction industry. ACI report
363R-84
Treated concretes having strength in axcess of 40 Mpa as HSC at present
,in many countries concrete strength in the range of 50-60 are produced on
a commercial basis and 80Mpa might be used is the lower limit of high
strength concrete. However, in the srilankan context ,concrete with
strengths. Higher than 40 Mpa .
 OBJECTIVE
Concrete is a critical material for the construction of infrastructure facilities
throughout the world. One can not imagine any construction without the
use of concrete. The production and usages of concrete has almost become
an index of the development. The traditional concrete has some of the
limitations like low tensile strength, low flexural; strength and low impact
strength. Basically concrete is brittle material. It has been shown that the
introduction of steel reinforcement can substantially improve the tensile
strength and this composite material, popularly known as reinforced
cement concrete is used in almost all structure applications. Several
researchers have also shown that addition of fibers improve the tensile
strength, flexural and impact resistance of plain concrete.
the literature review clearly indicates that there are many
studies on the properties of silica fumes concrete and is thoroughly
investigated similarly, sufficient literature is also available in the area of
hybrid fiber reinforced concrete. But the literature is silent about the silica
fume concrete produced with hybrid fiber.(steel fiber).
 STEEL FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE

IN 1910, porter first suggested the use of SFs in concrete (naaman,1985).

However, the first scientific research on FRC in the united state was done
in 1963 (Romualdi and baston,1963). SFRC is produced using the
conventional hydraulic cements , fine and coarse aggregates, water and
SFs.
Fiber reinforcement is mainly used in shotcrete, but can also used in
normally concrete. Fiber reinforced normal concrete are mostly used for on
ground floors and pavements, but can be considered for a wide range of
construction parts ( beams, pillars foundations etc) either alone or with
hand-tied rebars.
 TYPES OF FIBERS

1. STEEL FIBER:- straight, crimped, twisted, hooked, ringed, paddled ends.

Diameter range from 0.25 to 0.76mm.
2. GLASS FIBER:- straight. Diameter ranges from 0.005 to 0.015mm.
3. NATURAL ORGANIC AND MINERAL FIBER :- wood, asbestos,
cotton , bamboo and rockwool. They come in wide range of sizes.
4. POLYPROPYLENE FIBERS :- Plain, twisted, fibrillated and with
buttoned ends.
5. OTHER SYMTHETIC FIBERS :- kevlar, nylon, and polyester.
Diameter ranged from 0.02 to 0.38mm.a convenient parameter describing a
fiber is its aspect ratio (L/D), defined as the fiber length divided by an
equivalent fiber diameter . Typical aspect ratio ranges from about 30 to 150
for length of 6 to 75mm.
SOME TYPES OF FIBERS
 MACHENICAL PROPERTIES OF FIBER
REINFORCED CONCRETE
• Compressive strength:- the presence of fibers may alter the failure mode of
cylinders, but the fiber effect will be minor on the improvement of
compressive strength valves (0 to 15 percent).
• Modulus of elasticity:- modulus of elasticity of FRC increases slightly
with an increase in fibers content. It was found that for each 1 percent
increase in fiber content by volume there is an increase of 3 percent in the
modulus of elasticity.
• Flexure :- the flexural strength was reported to be increased by 2.5 times
using 4 percent fibers.
• Toughness :- for FRC , toughness is about 10 to 40 times that of plain
concrete
• Splitting tensile strength :- the presence of 3 percent fiber by volume was
reported to increase the splitting tensile strength of mortar about 2.5 times
that of that of the unreinforced one.
• Impact resistance :- the impact strength for fibrous concrete is generally 5
to 10 times that of plain concrete depending on the volume of fiber.
• Corrosion of steel fiber :- a 10 year exposure of steel fibrous mortar to
outdoor weathering in an industrial atmosphere showed no adverse effect
on the strength properties. Corrosion was found to be confined only to
fibrous mortar continuously immerse in seawater for 10 years exhibited a
15 percent loss compared to 40 percent strength decreases of plain mortar.
 STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR OF FRC

• Flexure :- the use of fibers in reinforced concrete flexure members

increases ductility, tensile strength, moment capacity, and stiffness . The
fibers improve crack control and preserve post cracking structural integrity
of members.
• Torsion :- the use of fibers eliminate the sudden failure characteristics of
plain concrete beams. It increases stiffness, torsional strength , ductility.
Rotational capacity, and the number of cracks with the less crack width.
• Shear:- Addittion of fibers increases shear capacity of reinforced concrete
beams up to 100 percent. Addittion of randomly distributed fibers increases
shear friction strength, and ultimate strength .
• Column :- the increase of fiber content slightly increases the ductility of
axially loaded specimen. The use of fibers helps in reducing the explosive
type failure for columns.
• High strength concrete:- fibers increases the ductility of high strength of
concrete and steel produces slender members. Fiber addition will help in
controlling cracks and deflections.
 Mix proportion for (M40)grade of steel fiber

SN S F (%) W/C MIX PRAPORTION (KG/M^3)

RATIO CEMENT SF SAND AGG. WATER
1 0 0.40 400 0 660 1168 160

2 0.5 0.40 398 2 660 1168 160

3 1.0 0.40 396 4 660 1168 160

4 1.5 0.40 394 6 660 1168 160

5 2.0 0.40 392 8 660 1168 160

 ADVANTAGES OF FRC
• High modulus of elasticity for effective long-term reinforcement, even in
the hardened concrete.
• Does not rust nor corrode and requires no minimum cover.
• Ideal aspect ratio (i.e. relationship between fiber diameter and length)
which makes them excellent for early-age performance.
• Greater restrained toughness in conventional concrete mixes.
• Higher flexural strength , depending on addition rate.

• Can be made into thin sheets irregular shape.

• Longer useful working life .
• Greater fatigue ebdurance.
 DISADVANTAGES OF FRC

• Greater reduction of workability .

• High cost of materials.
• Steel fibers will not float on the surface of a properly finished slab,
however , rain damaged slabs allow both aggregate and fibers to be
exposed and will present aesthetically poor whilst maintaining structural
soundness.
• A fiber are capable of substituting reinforcement in all structural elements
(including primary reinforcement), however , within each element there
will be a point where the fiber alternative cost and design economic are
diminished.
• Strict control of concrete wastage must be monitored in order to keep it at a
minimum. Wasted concrete means wasted fiber.
 AREA OF APPLICATION OF SFRC

• Industrial ground floor slabs-warehouses, factories , aircraft, hangers,

roads, bridge decks, parking area runway, aprons and taxiways commercial
and residential slabs ,pilling shotcrete, tunnels, dams and stabilisation .
 CONCLUSION

• Concrete has better resistance in compression while steel has more

resistance in tension. Conventional concrete has limited ductility, low
impact and abrasion resistance and little resistance to cracking . A good
posses high strength and low permeability.
• Hence, alternative composite materials are gaining popularity because of
ductility and strain hardening.
• To improve the post cracking behavior, short discontinuous and discrete
fibers are added to the plain concrete. Strength resistance ,fatigue
performance etc.
 REFERANCE

• DESIGN OF HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE MIXES AUTHER –

M.T.R. JAYASINGHE (university of moratua)
• STEEL FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE: a review AUTHER –
HAMID BEHBAHANI (university technology malaysia)
• IS 10262(2009) CONCRETE MIX DESIGN – INDIAN STANDARD
METHOD