Riliability & Quality Engineering

Instructor: Mr. Masood Ahmed Khan

Presentated By: Engr. Naraish Kumar

Registration # ME-035

Department: Mechanical Engineering

Specialization: Mechatronics
Engineering
 Reliability
• The ability of an apparatus, machine, or
system to consistently perform its intended or
required function or mission, on demand and
without degradation or failure.
• Manufacturing: The probability of failure-free
performance over an item's useful life, or a
specified timeframe, under specified
environmental and duty-cycle conditions.
 Reliability Model
• An overall system reliability prediction can be
made by looking at the reliabilities of the
components that make up the whole system or
product.

• The reliability model system also arranged in:

 Series System
 Parallel System
 Series and Parallel System
 Series Systems
• In a series configuration, a failure of any
component results in the failure of the entire
system.
 Parallel System
• In a simple parallel system, as shown in the
figure on the right, at least one of the units
must succeed for the system to succeed.
Combination of Series and Parallel
• While many smaller systems can be accurately
represented by either a simple series or
parallel configuration, there may be larger
systems that involve both series and parallel
configurations in the overall system. Such
systems can be analyzed by calculating the
reliabilities for the individual series and
parallel sections and then combining them in
the appropriate manner.
• First find the reliability of series system then
calculating the reliability of parallel system.
What we get is the overall reliability of
combination of series and parallel system.
 Dynamic Reliability Modeling
• Dynamic simulation allows you to develop a
representation of the system whose reliability is to be
determined, and then observe that system’s
performance over a specified period of time.

The primary advantages of dynamic simulation are:

• The system can evolve into any feasible state and its
properties can change suddenly or gradually as the
simulation progresses; and
• The system can be affected by random (stochastic)
processes, which may be either internal (e.g., failure
modes) or external.
 Reliability Estimation
• The goal of estimating reliability is to determine how much
of the variability in test scores is due to errors in
measurement and how much is due to variability in true
scores.

Four practical strategies have been developed that provide

workable methods of reliability estimating test.

1) Test-retest reliability method:

2) Parallel-forms method:
3) Split-half method:
4) Internal consistency: