BUILDING

CONSTRUCTION
SAND

BY:
Sagnik Majumder
Arnab Tarfdar
Budhadittya Mukherjee
Azhaan Kalim
Akash Kumar Dhara
Amaan Sagir
CONTENT

 DEFINITION OF SAND
 CLASSIFICATION OF SAND
 CLASSIFICATION ON BASIS OF
FORMATION
 CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF
SIZE OF PARTICLES
 CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF
COMPOSITION
 CLASSIFICATION ON USING IT IN
CONSTRUCTION
 GRADING OF SAND
 TEST OF SAND
 MARKET PRICE OF SAND
 LABOUR CHARGE
 SAND

OF SAND IS FORMED BY THE WEATHERING OF

ROCKS.
SOURCE
 PIT SAND RIVER SEA
FORMATION SAND SAND
SAND
FINE COARSE GRAVELLY
SIZE OF PARTICLES SAND SAND SAND

OF
CLASSIFICATION

CLEAN SILTY CLAYEY

COMPOSITION SAND SAND SAND

BRICK CONCRETE
CONSTRUCTION SAND SAND
PLASTER ARTIFICIAL
SAND SAND
CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF
FORMATION
PIT SAND
 THIS SAND IS OBTAINED BY
FORMING PITS IN SOIL.
 IT IS EXCAVATED FROM A
DEPTH OF ABOUT 1-2m FROM
THE GROUND LEVEL.
 THIS SAND IS FOUND AS
DEPOSITS IN SOIL AND IT
CONSISTS OF SHARP
 ANGULAR GRAINS,
 WHICH ARE FREE FROM
 SALTS.
PIT SAND

 IT SERVES AS AN EXCELLENT MATERIAL FOR

MORTAR OR CONCRETE WORK.
 PIT SAND MUST BE MADE FREE FROM CLAY AND
OTHER ORGANIC MATERIALS BEFORE IT CAN BE
USED IN MORTAR.
 A COATING OF OXIDE OF IRON OVER THE SAND
GRAINS SHOULD BE REMOVED.
RIVER SAND

 This is a natural sand.

 This is a fine type sand. It is obtained from
river bank.
 This is used for plastering and concreting.
SEA SAND

 This is obtained from sea-

shore.
 This is also a fine type sand.
 This has salt which attracts the
moisture from atmosphere
and causes for dampness.
 It should be thoroughly
washed before using in
construction
CLASSIFICATION ON
THE BASIS OF SIZE OF
PARTICLES
FINE SAND

sand passing through the 1.5875mm

sieve is called fine sand.
we use this sand for mainly plastering
purpose
COARSE SAND

 Sand passing through the 3.175mm

sieve is called coarse sand
 We use this sand for masonry work.
GRAVELLY SAND

 sand Passing through the 7.62mm sieve

is called gravelly sand .
 we use this sand in concrete.
CLASSIFICATION ON
THE BASIS
OF COMPOSITION
CLEAN SAND

 This is free from any

organic or inorganic
impurities .
 This is perfect for
construction purposes.
SILTY SAND

 These are poorly

graded sand .
 This is not good
for construction
purposes.
SILTY
CLAYEYSAND
SAND

 This sand have

prominent clay
fraction and plastic
fines.
 This is traditionally
used for the
construction of wall.
 This is also used as
mortar bricks
CLASSIFICATION ON USING IN CONSTRUCTION
BRICK SAND

 This sandbox obviously used for brick

work.
 The finest modulus of this sand should
be 1.2to1.5 and should not contain
more than 4%slit.
PLASTER SAND

 This sand is used for plastering work.

 The finest modulus should not be more
than 1.5 and slit contain should not be
more than 4%.
CONCRETE SAND

 The finest modulus should be 2.5 to

3.5 and it should not contain more
than 4% slit.
ARTIFICIAL SAND

 This is an effective alternative to river

sand.
 This is produced by crushing either
basalt rock or granite.
 SAND IS SIEVE PERCENTAGE PASSING FOR

GRADING GRADING GRADING GRADING

ZONE 1 ZONE 2 ZONE 3 ZONE 4
10 mm 100 100 100 100
4.75 90-100 90-100 90-100 90-100

OF 2.36 mm 60-95 75-100 85-100 95-100

GRADING

1.18 mm 30-70 55-90 75-100 90-100

600 micron 15-34 35-59 60-79 80-100

300 micron 5-20 8-30 12-40 15-50
150 microns 0-10 0-10 0-10 0-15
 1.SURFACE MOISTURE CONTENT
SAND
& ABSORPTION
The surface moisture in the aggregate
influences the water cement ratio strength
FRYING
andPAN METHODof the mix . To determine the
durability
OF surface moisture or moist wet aggregate
method is as follow :
The following apparatus is required:
TEST

 This is an effective alternative to river

sand.
 This is produced by crushing either basalt
rock or granite.
 Scales to measures
 2.SILT CONTENT TEST FOR SAND
SAND

OF
TEST
 3. BULKING OF SAND
SAND
MOISTURE CONTENTS % BULKING % BY VOLUME
AGE WT

2 15
OF 3 20
TEST

4 25

5 30
 4.SEIVE ANALYSIS
SAND
TYPES OF SAND FINENESS MODULUS
VALUE

VERY FINE SAND BELOW 2.2

OF FINE SAND 2.2 TO 2.6
TEST

MEDIUM SAND 2.6 TO 2.9

COARSE SAND 2.9 TO 3.2

VERY COARSE SAND 3.2

MARKET PRICE
OF SAND

 Rs 10 or Rs 50 per kg
 Rs 1000 per metric ton
 Rs 60 per unit in Kolkata
 Rs 30 per sack outside
Kolkata
LABOUR CHARGE

 MASON : RS 350 A
DAY
 LABOUR : RS 250 A
DAY
THANK YOU