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Chapter 10

8051 Serial Communication

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Outlines
• Contrast and compare serial versus parallel
communication
• List the advantages of serial communication over
parallel
• Explain serial communication protocol
• Contrast synchronous versus asynchronous
communication
• Contrast half-versus full-duplex transmission
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• Explain the process of data framing

• Describe data transfer rate and bps rate
• Define the RS232 standard
• Explain the use of the MAX232 and MAX233 chips
• Interface the 8051 with an RS232 connector
• Discuss the baud rate of the 8051
• Describe serial communication features of the 8051
• Program the 8051 for serial data communication
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Heading
1.Basic of Serial Communications
- Parallel VS Serial
- Simplex Half- and Full duplex
- Asynchronous Serial
- Data transfer rate
- RS232 Standard
2.8051 Connection to RS232
- MAX232 Connection
3.8051 Serial Port Programming
- Frame  SCON
- Baud  Timer(TMOD,TR1,TH1,PCON)
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H1. Basics of serial communication

Figure 10–1 Serial versus Parallel Data Transfer

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Figure 10–2:Simplex, Half-, and Full-Duplex Transfers

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Start and stop bits

Figure 10–3 Framing ASCII “A” (41H)

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RS232 pins

Figure 10–4 RS232 Connector DB-25

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Data communication classification

Figure 10–5:DB-9 9-Pin Connector

Figure 10–6:Null Modem Connection

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H2.8051 Connection to RS232

RxD and TxD pins in the 8051

TxD pin 11 of
the 8051 (P3.1)
RxD pin 10 of
the 8051 (P3.0)
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MAX232

Figure 10–7: (a) Inside MAX232 and (b) its Connection to the 8051 (Null Modem)
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MAX233

Figure 10–8:(a) Inside MAX233 and (b) Its Connection to the 8051 (Null Modem)
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H3.8051 Serial Port Programming

-Frame
SCON
-Baud
Timer(TMOD,TR1,TH1)
SMOD in PCON Reg.

Table 10–3: PC Baud Rates

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Baud Rate Calculation

1.Using Timer1 Mode2 in Serial Mode 1,3

SMOD1
2 x Oscillater Frequency
BaudRate =
32 x 12 x [256 - (th1)]
9600 @18.432MHz  SMOD1=0, TH1=251(FBH)
9600 @11.0592MHz  SMOD1=0, TH1=253(FDH)

MOV SCON,#050H ; Serial Port Mode 3

ANL PCON,#7FH ; SMOD 0(SMOD in PCON.7)
MOV TMOD,#20H ; Timer1 Mode2
MOV TH1,#0FDH ; Reload value for desired baud
SETB TR1 ; Turn on Timer1

http://www.intel.com/design/mcs51/applnots/270490.htm
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Baud Rate Calculation(2)

2.Using Timer2 in Serial Mode 1,3

Oscillater Frequency
Buad rate=
32 x [65536 - (RCAP2H,RCAP2L)]
9600 @18.432MHz  RCAP2H,RCAP2L = 65476 = FFC4H
9600 @11.0592MHz  RCAP2H,RCAP2L = 65500 = FFDCH

MOV SCON,#01010000B ; Mode1 Serial Port

MOV RCAP2H,#0FFH ; Reload values for desired
MOV RCAP2L,#0DCH ; baud rate 9600@11.0592
MOV T2CON,#00110100B ; Timer 2 as baud rate generator
; and turn on Timer 2

http://www.intel.com/design/mcs51/applnots/270490.htm
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Example10.1
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Table 10–4:Timer 1 TH1 Register Values for Various Baud Rates

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SBUF register
MOV SBUF,#’D’ ;load SBUF=44H, ASCII for ‘D’
MOV SBUF,A ;copy accumulator into SBUF
MOV A,SBUF ;copy SBUF into accumulator
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SCON (Serial control) register

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SM0,SM1

SM0 and SM1 are D7 and D6 of the SCON

SM0 SM1
0 0 Serial Mode 0
0 1 Serial Mode 1,8 bit data,
1 stop bit, 1 start bit
1 0 Serial Mode 2
1 1 Serial Mode 3
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Programming the 8051 to Tx data

Tx_Byte: MOV SBUF,A
JNB TI,$
CLR TI

Example10.2
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Example10.3
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Programming the 8051 to Rx data

Rx_Byte: JNB RI,$
MOV A,SBUF
CLR RI

Example10.4
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Example10.5
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Doubling the baud rate in the 8051

1. To use a higher frequency crystal

2. To change a bit in the PCON register
D7 D0
SMOD -- -- -- GF1 GF0 PD IDL

MOV A,PCON ; Place a copy of PCON in Acc

SETB Acc.7 ; Make D7=1
MOV PCON,A ; Now SMOD=1 without
; Changing any other bits
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Timer1 Baud rate Generate

SMOD1
2 x Oscillater Frequency
BaudRate =
32 x 12 x [256 - (th1)]

Table 10–5: Baud Rate Comparison for SMOD = 0 and SMOD = 1

Example10.6
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Lab7Srl1.ASM: Send ASCII A with 9600 bps

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Lab7Srl2.ASM: Receive and Show Data Input

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Lab7Srl3.ASM: Using Include Subroutine

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System.Sub: Subroutine Program

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System.Sub: Subroutine Program(2)

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System.Sub: Subroutine Program(3)

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System.Sub: Subroutine Program(4)