M E TA B O L I S M

BY :
L I N A N D A I S L A M I AT I
NIM P17334118025

D 3 - A N A L I S K E S E H ATA N

P O LT E K K E S B A N D U N G
 WHAT IS METABOLISM ?

• Metabolism: refers to the entire network of chemical

processes involved in maintaining life. Use enzym as a
biocatalyst.

• Energy metabolism: the ways that the body obtains and

spends energy from food.
 METABOLISM

Catabolism Anabolism

The building of compounds

The breakdown of
from small molecules into
molecules into smaller units.
larger ones. Energy is used
Energy is released in this
for this process to take
process.
place.
Ex: Respiration
Ex : Photosynthesis
 CELL
The Cell is the site for metabolic activity. Liver cells are the most
metabolically active.

Approximately how many cells does the human body

contain?
1x1014 cells or 100,000,000,000,000. (100 trillion cells)
 ATP (ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE)
• ATP is the main energy source of cells.
• Used for muscular contractions, enzyme activity, etc.
• Catabolism results in the production of many ATP molecules: energy.
• Used by the body when energy is needed.
• Hydrolysis breaks the bonds in ATP, thus releasing energy.

Metabolic Efficiency : Food energy is converted to ATP with

approximately 50% efficiency. The other 50% is released as heat.
ESSENTIALS OF CATABOLISM

2. Respiration and Electron

1. Glycolysis
Carriers

3. The Proton Motive Force 4. The Citric Acid Cycle

5. Catabolic Diversity
 a common pathway for
Glycolysis catabolism of glucose.

(Cytochromes) : proteins that contain heme

Respiration and prosthetic groups. Accept and donate a
Electron Carriers single electron via the iron atom in heme.

The Proton Electron transport system oriented in

Motive Force cytoplasmic membrane so that electrons
are separated from protons
 Citric acid cycle (CAC): pathway through
The Citric Acid
which pyruvate is completely oxidized to
Cycle
CO2

Microorganisms demonstrate a wide

Catabolic Diversity range of mechanisms for generating
energy
THANK YOU