Department of Civil Engineering

University of Engineering and Technology

Seismic Performance
comparison of Frame
with Shear wall
Structures
Group Members
Afrasayab Khan 15PWCIV4374
Amar Zaib 15PWCIV4372
Mussawir Zaman 15PWCIV4429

Supervisor
Dr. Qazi Samiullah
Objectives

• Analysis of the Nonlinear behaviour of:

 Complete Shear Wall Structure
 Reinforced Concrete Frames Structure
 Combination of Shear Walls and Reinforced Concrete Frames
• Idealized 6 story structure.
• Seismic Analysis
Contents

• Literature Review

• Problem Statement

• Methodology

• Schedule

• References
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

Significance of a
Structure
• The Purpose of a Structure

 Provide shelter

 Resistance against different types of loadings

Website[1]
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

Types of
loads

• Dead loads
Vertical • Live Loads
loads
• Impact Loads

• Wind
Horizont
• Earthquakes
al Loads
• Lateral Earth pressure
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

Lateral Loads (Horizontal

Loads)
• Parallel to the ground (or perpendicular to the
direction of gravity).

• They usually fall in the following categories:

1. Seismic (Earthquake loads)

2. Wind (on Walls)

3. Lateral Earth pressure, or water
pressure (for retention walls and
dams)
Website[2]
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

“Pakistan in the most active Quake Zone”

US Geological Survey
• Pakistan geologically overlaps both with the Indian and the Eurasian tectonic
plates.

• Two-third of the total area of Pakistan is on fault lines that cause tremor any
time.

• The experts have expressed fears that ignoring the fault lines while making big
structures in cities may cause huge loss to life and property
Website[3]
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

In the Recent Years

• 3 major Earthquakes

• The 2005 Kashmir Earthquake (7.6 Magnitude)

• The 2013 Baluchistan Earthquake (7.7 Magnitude)

Website[4]

Website[5]
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

In the Recent Years

• The most recent the October 2015 Hindu Kush

Earthquake (Magnitude 7.5)

Website[6]
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

Lateral Resisting Systems

• Lateral Force Resisting Systems that are both good performance-
wise and also being cost effective.

• The following are the different types.

 Moment resisting system

 Braced frames

 Shear walls

• Advantages and Disadvantages

Website[7]
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

1. Moment Resisting System

• Comprises of Reinforced/Steel beams and Columns

• Resist Lateral Loads through flexure of members and

through stiffness of rigid joints

Website[8]
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

2. Braced Frames
• A series of trusses made of steel members
• Diagonal members resist lateral(axial stresses)

Website[9] Website[10]
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

3. Shear Walls
• Shear walls are generally used in high-rise buildings subject to
lateral wind and seismic forces.

• Flexure is resisted by vertical reinforcement along the wall

• Shear-wall on the contrary is a vertical wall normally constructed

from bottom (foundation) to top (roof) across the periphery of the
building like a panel.

• They are symmetrically placed (better, if at corners) without any

opening.

Website[11]
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

Frame System

Advantages
• High-ductile system
• Good degree of redundancy
• Flexibility
Disadvantages
• Needs considerable skill to design
successfully.
• Weak in Moment Resisting
• Requires good fixing skills and
concreting.
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

Shear Walls

Advantages Disadvantages
• Strength • Barriers interfere with architectural
• Stiffness and services requirement
• Reduces lateral sway • Lateral load resistance is usually
• Easy construction concentrated on a few walls rather
• Minimizing earthquake damage. than on large number of columns
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

• One way to limit the sway of buildings and provide stability is to increase the section sizes of the members to create a
rigid, moment-resisting frame.

• Sway
Frame • limits on
horizontal
movement

• stiffness
Shear • strength
Walls • high-rise buildings
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

• One way to limit the sway of buildings and provide stability is to increase the section sizes of the members to create a
rigid, moment-resisting frame.

• Sway
Frame • limits on horizontal
movement

• Stiffness
Shear • Strength
Walls • High-rise
buildings
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

Website[12]
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

Some things to be required in shear walls. Firstly, and most importantly the Shear Wall should pass along the whole structure
otherwise we will have a discontinuity in the structure member and may face certain extreme failures.

Website[13]
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

Desirable Mode Of Failure

Website[14]
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

• We have 3 different types of structures namely

 Complete Shear Wall Structure

 Reinforced Concrete Frames Structure

 Combination of Shear Walls and Reinforced Concrete Frames

• We have 6 story Building to perform this project on.

• As It comes in the category of a High Rise Building and the Seismic Effects are more dominant.

• Which one is more preferable in this case?

Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

Layout of building

Courtesy of
Dr. Qazi
Samiullah
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

• Literature review

• Survey of an existing building

• Software Acquaintance

• Analysis of a building

• Report Writing
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

Survey of an existing building

• Shear Walls concept is not used a lot
especially in Peshawar, Pakistan.
• High rise buildings mostly use Reinforced
Concrete Frames.
• One advantage of this bring that the designer has
more room to make changes later on during the
construction while in the case of shear walls this is
not possible due to the walls obstruction.

Courtesy of
NADRA & DASCon.
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

Software

• Compatibility

• BIM

• Future High Prospect (Estimation) Autodesk

• Effects of Temperature.(optional)
Revi Autodesk
Robot
t
 Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

Gantt Chart

*meeting sessions with supervisor at least twice a week.

ORACLE
Primavera P6
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References
[1] :https://www.pixelstalk.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Building-Wallpapers-HD.jpg
[2]:https://www.google.com.pk/search?tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=hY29W9GOGayLlwTPyJTYCQ&q=clipart+lateral+forces&oq=clipart+lateral+forces&gs_l=img.3...10418
50.1045313.0.1046820.7.7.0.0.0.0.244.949.2-4.4.0....0...1c.1.64.img..3.0.0....0.laCBhRdeZvs#imgrc=exg2ceMVxedqmM:
[3]: https://tribune.com.pk/story/612493/tectonic-tragedy-balochistan-earthquake/
[4]: http://wikimapia.org/12212520/Epicenter-of-2005-Kashmir-earthquake
[5]:http://silverbirdtv.com/uncategorized/7362/pakistan-earthquake-hundreds-dead-in-balochistan/
[6]: https://www.dawn.com/news/1215519
[7]: https://media.tenor.com/images/6354e0ea103b0e95fd0ae89f4909ffad/tenor.gif
[8]: http://www.crsi.org/projects-responsive/project.cfm?articleID=CEFD41C5-B7D2-94D3-07D5C84C700FBD62
[9]: http://www.pacosteel.com/braced-frames/
[10]: https://taxonomy.openquake.org/terms/braced-frame--lfbr
[11]: http://www.esolution-pt.com/assets/uploads/blog/recomended/f4fcb45fa49f26fbc432eefce70f459a.jpg
[12]: https://www.slideshare.net/pradipdangar/shear-walls-76839228
[13]: https://www.slideshare.net/pradipdangar/shear-walls-76839228
[14]: https://www.slideshare.net/pradipdangar/shear-walls-76839228
Thank You
for your Patience
Literature Review Problem Statement Methodology Schedule
References

3. Shear Walls

• They have specific design to withstand the twist or shear and transfer them to roof directly without
affecting the other portions of the building.

• By its name, shear implies twisting and the shear wall does exactly that, by allowing itself to twist,
thereby protecting the building.

• Most earthquakes do damage to buildings by Shear Waves(S-Waves or Secondary Waves).

• Motion Perpendicular to the Direction of Motion.

• The shear force of these waves is not able to transfer equally at the beam-column joints, as a result of
which the damage starts from that point.