PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW

European Union
 Established in 1993 through treaty of Maastricht .
 Set up with the aim of ending the frequent and
bloody wars between neighbours, which culminated
in the Second World War.
 A political and economic union of 28 member states
that are located primarily in Europe.
 Based on the principle of rule of law and democracy.
 the single market
Based on four freedoms:
 Free movement of goods;
 Free movement of capital;
 Free movement of services;
 Free movement of labour.
 GDP boosted by nearly 900 billion euros over 10 year
period 1992-2002 (over $1 trillion) and 2.5 million jobs
created from the single market.
principle objectives of eu
Internal Market

Stable And Sustainable Development

Prevention Of Social Exclusion

Scientific And Technological

Development
 The
PURPOSE OF EU
fundamental purposes of the european union are to
promote social, political and economic harmony among the
nations of western europe.
 The union’s purposes can be read in the lisbon treaty art. 3 TEU
and include, among others:
 The promotion of peace and the well-being of the union´s
citizens
 An area of freedom, security and justice without internal frontiers
 Sustainable development based on balanced economic growth
and social justice
 A social market economy - highly competitive and aiming at full
employment and social progress
 A free single market
 Joining the EU -the accession
process
 WHAT DOES THE TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION (TEU) DO
? Article 49 provides the legal basis for any European state to
join the EU.
 Article 2 sets out the values upon which the EU is based.
 Eligibility :
 The applicant country must:
 Be a state within geographical area of Europe
 Respect and commit to the values set out in Article 2 of TEU.
 The applicant country must also satisfy EU eligibility criteria.
 withdrawal treaty
 Article 50 of The Treaty of functioning of the European union (TFEU)
describes the process of withdrawal of a member state from the European
union.
 What Article 50 TEU requires is that the decision to withdraw is taken in
accordance with the state’s constitutional requirements–so that possible
abuse of the clause for political reasons is minimised.
 The process set out in Article 50 TEU begins with a Member State’s formal
notification to the European Council of its intention to withdraw
 From the moment of formal notification, the EU and the withdrawing Member
State have two years to reach an agreement on the withdrawal.
 Notification of UK’s decision to withdraw from the EU

EU approves guidelines for the EU’s negotiation with UK

European commision submits recommendations to the council, which

authorises the opening of negotiations and apports a negotiator

EU negotiator and UK undertake negaotiations

European parliaments consents to the withdrawl agreement

Council concludes withdrawl agreement

Indivisual member states ratify the agreement if it is a mixed agreement

 WHAT IS BREXIT ?
The people of Britain voted for a British exit, or Brexit, from
the EU in a historic referendum on Thursday June 23.

The outcome prompted jubilant celebrations among

Eurosceptics around the Continent and sent shockwaves
through the global economy.

On the one-year anniversary, Brexit campaigner Nigel Farage

said: “This time last year we dared to dream and then won an
historic victory.“

After the declaration of the referendum result, the pound fell

to its lowest level since 1985 and David Cameron resigned as
Prime Minister.
 Prime Minister Theresa May triggered Article 50 - the step that starts the
timer on two years of Brexit talks - in late March 2017.
 But Brexit was thrown into uncertainty when the Conservatives lost their
majority in a general election in June 2017, leaving Britain with a hung
parliament.
 Theresa May is now pushing ahead with Brexit after clinging on to power
by forming a minority government with support from Northern Irish party
the DUP.
 The first phase of ongoing Brexit talks includes the rights of expats in
Europe and EU citizens in the UK as well as the Brexit bill and the issue
of the Irish border.
the impacts of
Brexit : Impact on
Economy

Impact on currency

Impact on Trade

Impact on Society
 Impact on ECONOMY
 Affect of brexit on jobs directly or indirectly.

 UK’s small business exports might be affected.

 Impact of Brexit could lead into GDP fluctuation.

 Leaving the EU could lead into lower trade between the

EU and UK generating complications.
 Impact on currency
 Investors are worried about the possible economic
impact of a decision to leave the EU.
 The Sterling Pound is falling against all major
currencies.
 It was down by 2% against US Dollar and hit the
lowest since 2009.
 It’s dropped 1.3% lower against the Euro.
 Impact on Trade
 Trading freely with the EU allows UK businesses to
grow. Therefore, leaving EU might put all this at risk.
 UK’s small businesses might suffer losses.
 70% of major business expect damage if UK leave the
EU.
 CETA (The Comprehensive Economic and Trade
Agreement) between Canada and EU will also not
benefit UK if Brexit happens.
 Impact on Society
 Being in European Union means lower prices for UK
families - because it's cheaper to trade and there’s more
choice. If UK left the EU, the cost of imports could rise by
at least £11 billion (sources: HMRC & WTO) – leaving UK
families out of pocket as prices rise.
 Independent experts estimate the benefits of being in the
EU are worth £3,000 a year to the average UK household -
due to lower prices and more jobs, trade and investment.
This will be all lost if UK leaves the EU.
IMPACT OF
BREXIT ON
INDIA
Impact of Brexit on India
 After Brexit access point for business for Indian
companies will come to an end.
 The export rate of India might decrease after Brexit.
 Indian companies that have exposure to UK may get
temporary hit because of Brexit.
 Government of India(BJP) has allowed 100% FDI in
India, this step can help India to become major global
finance market.