J.

HAMSAVATHI
4TH YEAR 2SEM
160615734304.
 INTRODUCTION
 EVENT LOGGER,BASIC PRINCIPLE OF
FUNCTION.
 DISTRUBANCE RECORDER,BASIC PRINCIPLE OF
FUNCTION.
 FAULT LOCATOR,BASIC PRINCIPLE OF
FUNCTION.
 ADVANTAGES ,DISADVANTAGES.
 These items in the substation are basically
used for the diagnosis of the electrical
parameters during the time of fault
occurrences .
 Every protection engineer wants to know the
exact analysis of the fault occurrences ,
sequential behavior of the substation
equipments and the time factor of the
incidents.
 The function ability of these elements is very
fast and records the fault occurrences to the
memory of the element for future references
 Event logger.
 BASIC PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION:-
 Substation automation systems consist of intelligent electronic
devices (IEDs), substation computers, and the communication
network between them for implementing control, protection and
monitoring tasks in substations.
 A topology processing technique that uses substation event
information captured from legacy IEDs using a logging device.
 Such a device accurately translates the IEDs’ process-level control
signals into a binary data representation using non-intrusive current
transducers.
The data is then transmitted using Generic Object Oriented
Substation Event message format, which is defined in the latest
substation communication standard IEC 61850.
 The data is then transmitted using Generic Object
Oriented Substation Event message format, which
is defined in the latest substation communication
standard IEC 61850.
 DISTURBANCE RECORDER
 In the power grid, recording the events before, during and after
a disturbance is often the only way to find out what has
happened, and to reliably investigate a disturbance or event
afterwards.
 Storing complete and reliable information about these
disturbances in the primary and secondary system is
accomplished by the disturbance recorder.
 With continuous event logging of both binary and analog
signals and accurate time tagging, fault investigation will take
less time and will give more conclusive results.
 A disturbance recording application is characterized by great
flexibility of the configuration, starting conditions, resolution
and storage capacity. It also requires advanced analytical
software to evaluate the collected disturbance recordings.
 All modern protection and control IEDs (Intelligent Electronic
Device) contain their own disturbance recording functionality,
ensuring that no event is lost. A dedicated disturbance recorder gives
greater flexibility in the number of signals that can be monitored
though, and offers better performance (a higher sampling frequency)
and greatly increases storage.
FAULT LOCATOR
 BASIC PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION:-
 Distributed Digital Fault Recorder
 The DDFR is a Digital Fault and Disturbance recording system that uses
communications to retrieve Fault, Disturbance, and Sequence of Event records that are
captured by the protection relays distributed throughout a substation.
 The DDFR internally stores this critical substation information for local station
troubleshooting as well as archives this data in a remote enterprise network location for
permanent storage and analysis.
 Key Benefits
 Provides a permanent detailed record of all substation activity at a fraction of the cost
 Records Transfer Trip & Block Signals and other messages sent via IEC61850
 Provides secure data collection while also isolating the IED network
 Permits recording of internal protection relay operands and calculations in Sequence of
Events (SOE) and Fault records
 Meets requirements of international Fault Recording standards
 Applications
 Substation Distributed Digital Fault Recording
 Component in a larger enterprise wide fault and
disturbance recording system
Advantages :-
• Electrical Substation :-
• This following advantage can be found by an outdoor substation.
• The main construction work will be needed is much smaller if we
compared with an indoor substation.
• Always less quantity of building or infrastructure is needed.
• Insulation cost for switchgear and other electrical equipment is
very low.
• Adequate space between two separate adjoining equipment can be
provided which can reduce the possibility of any kind of fault.
• Erection and Commissioning for the substation can be completed in
much leaser time period.
• All equipment can be viewed and it can help to find the fault
location easier.
• Future extension of the scheme is easier and whenever needed.
 The disadvantage of Substation
 Always more space needed to arrange all the
equipment.
 The dirt and dust always deposit over the contact
switch and other equipment, thus the maintenance
cost can be increased.
Thank you.