Managerial & Financial Aspects of Disaster

Use of Scientific Management in Disaster management

(Analysis of working of NDRF)

Guided By: Presented By:

Amit Padiyar(18552001)
Prof. Rajat Agarwal
Kumar Abhinay(18552005)
Disaster:
● Disaster - French word - (Des = Bad + Astre = Star)
● An Event, natural/manmade, sudden/progressive, which impacts with such
severity that the community has to respond taking exceptional measures.

Disaster could be categorised in three

stages based on it’s occurrence. Each
Stage has its own managerial aspect.
The Managerial Aspect during each cycle
of a disaster vary from each other.
Disaster Management:
Disaster Risk Management includes sum total of
all activities, programmes and measures which
can be taken up before, during and after a
disaster with the purpose to avoid a disaster,
reduce its impact or recover from its losses. The
three key stages of activities that are taken up
within disaster risk management are:

1. Before a Disaster (pre-disaster)

2. During a Disaster (disaster occurrence)
3. After a Disaster (post-disaster)
Managerial Aspect in Disaster:
Before Disaster:

Predict, Prevent & Prepare

During Disaster:

Emergency Response

After Disaster:

Rescue, Relief, Rehabilitation

Financial Aspect of Disaster:
● Loss of Human Resource.
● Loss of personal Property.
● Loss of Public Property.
● Loss of Livelihood.
● Loss of various lifeline Infrastructures like road and rail network.
● Relief Programs.
● Rehabilitation Programs.
Scientific Management:
Scientific management is a theory of
management that analyzes and synthesizes
workflows. Its main objective is improving
economic efficiency, especially
labour productivity. It was one of the earliest
attempts to apply science to the engineering
of processes and to management. Scientific
management is sometimes known as
Taylorism after its founder,
Frederick Winslow Taylor.
DIFFERENT THEORIES
Principles Of Scientific Management:
Taylor's four principles are as follows:

1. Replace working by "rule of thumb," or simple habit and common sense, and instead
use the scientific method to study work and determine the most efficient way to
perform specific tasks.
2. Rather than simply assign workers to just any job, match workers to their jobs based
on capability and motivation, and train them to work at maximum efficiency.
3. Monitor worker performance, and provide instructions and supervision to ensure that
they're using the most efficient ways of working.
4. Allocate the work between managers and workers so that the managers spend their
time planning and training, allowing the workers to perform their tasks efficiently.
National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) :

The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) is a specialised force

constituted "for the purpose of specialist response to a threatening disaster
situation or disaster" under the Disaster Management Act, 2005.The "Apex Body
for Disaster Management" in India is the National Disaster Management Authority
(NDMA). The Chairman of the NDMA is the Prime Minister.

The responsibility for disaster management in India’s federal system is that of the
State Government. The ‘nodal Ministry’ in the central government for management
of natural disasters is the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).

National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) is under the

National Disaster Management Authority.
Composition of NDRF:
National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) is a force of 12 battalions, organised on
paramilitary lines, and manned by persons on deputation from the para-military forces of
India: three Border Security Force, three Central Reserve Police Force, two
Central Industrial Security Force, two Indo-Tibetan Border Police and two
Sashastra Seema Bal. The total strength of each battalion is approximately 1149.Each
battalion is capable of providing 18 self-contained specialist search and rescue teams of 45
personnel each including engineers, technicians, electricians, dog squads and medical/
paramedics.

NDRF in addition to being able to respond to natural disasters has four battalions capable of
responding to radiological, nuclear, biological and chemical disasters.
Functional Parameters:
The aim of the National Disaster Management Authority is to build a safer and disaster
resilient India by developing a holistic, proactive, multi-disaster and technology driven
strategy for disaster management. This has to be achieved through a culture of prevention,
mitigation and preparedness to generate a prompt and efficient response at the time of
disasters. This national vision inter alia, aims at inculcating a culture of preparedness among
all stakeholders.

NDRF has proved its importance in achieving this vision by highly skilled rescue and relief
operations, regular and intensive training and re-training, familiarisation exercises within the
area of responsibility of respective NDRF Bns, carrying out mock drills and joint exercises
with the various stakeholders.
Use of Scientific Management in Disaster Management:

Based on the First Principle of Scientific Management, modern science &

technology in the field of Disaster Management is now being used by NDRF.

● Science and technology help us to understand the mechanism of natural

hazards of atmospherical, geological, hydrological, and biological origins
which are made up of an orderly system of facts that have been learned from
study, experiments, and observations of floods, severe storms, earthquakes,
landslides, volcanic eruptions and tsunamis, and their impacts on humankind
and his works.
● The scientific and technological disciplines which are involved include basic
and engineering sciences, natural, social and human sciences.
● They relate to the hazard environment (i.e., hydrology, geology, geophysics,
seismology, volcanology, meteorology, and biology), to the built environment
(i.e., engineering, architecture, and materials), and to the policy environment (
i.e., sociology, humanities, political sciences, and management science).
● Modern Scientific Technologies which are being used in Disaster
Management nowadays are:

- GIS and Remote Sensing

- Internet

- Warning & Forecasting System

Use of Scientific Management in Disaster Management:

Based on the Second Principle of Scientific Management, Efficiency management

is also important in Disaster Management. NDRF has different composition for
fighting different kinds of disasters.

● They have expertise on almost all the major kinds of disaster which occur in
India.
● As discussed earlier, they have members from various military organisations,
they are specially trained personnel to carry out the rescue and relief
program.
● NDRF has specialised personnels to respond to the disasters like
Earthquake, Floods, Cyclones, etc.
● Deployment of the forces is done based on the capabilities and efficiency of
the personnels.
Use of Scientific Management in Disaster Management:

Based on the Third Principle of Scientific Management, proper supervision and

use of modern equipments to achieve maximum efficiency should be ensured.

● NDRF is very up-to-date in terms of use of modern and high end equipments
for the rescue operations.
● NDRF has it’s own high end Boats, Vehicle, Diving equipments, Fire Fighting
tools etc.
● Along with the equipments to tackle the disaster, NDRF is highly equipped
with modern medical support also.
● They hold regular training programs to keep their staffs up-to-date with the
latest tools & techniques.
● NDRF has all the modern communication systems to handle the worst
situations.
Use of Scientific Management in Disaster Management:

Based on the Fourth Principle of Scientific Management, proper hierarchy and

distribution of work should be there in a system for its efficient functioning.

● There is a proper hierarchy decided in NDRF, which clearly defines the

jurisdiction and powers of each post and organizational level.
● The head of the NDRF, Director General reports to the Ministry of Home
Affairs.
● There are several Inspector Generals and Deputy IGs in the organisation,
which look into their allotted fields.
● Further a separate state based organization for Disaster Response, called
State Disaster Response Force(SDRF), is also set.
● Both the agencies, i.e, NDRF & SDRF have their defined jurisdiction and work
smoothly in collaboration when needed.
Conclusion:
Scientific management was a breakthrough invention in the history of
management. It helped organisation in achieving productivity and efficiency using
scientific methods and technique. This is through employing various work analysis
techniques such as time and motion study. NDRF also used these aspects in their
working method.
THANK YOU