Group no:o9

 Introduction
 What is capitalism?
 History of capitalism
 Capitalist countries
 Advantages and disadvantages of capitalism
 What is communism?
 History of communism
 Communist countries
 Advantages and disadvantages of communism
 Is Pakistan capitalist or communist?
Presented by :
Sana yousaf
Roll no. 17
 Food and housing should be paid for by the
government.

 There should be no upper class or lower

class-everyone should be the treated the
same and have the same.
 You will allow to keep all the money you
make.

 If you are poor or sick, there is no ‘’safety

net’’, meaning you must rely on friends or
your family to support you.
 Capitalism is an economic system in which a country’s
trade, industry and profits are controlled by private
owners rather than by the state.

 Money is made by individuals making their own

decisions
 Individuals and corporations have freedom to own
their own businesses and factories.
 Adam Smith is the father of capitalism
 He wrote a book “wealth of nations”
 Practiced in western Europe during middle ages
 1800-1900 America
 The capitalism emerged in the early modern period
between 16th and 18th century.
 It started spreading from England through different
companies
 Then it changed into industrial capitalism in 18th
century.

 By beginning of 12th century it is the major economic

system worldwide.
 The future of capitalism is depends on people.
 Turbo capitalism

 Crony capitalism

 State capitalism

 Advance capitalism

 Responsible capitalism
 US
 Canada
 UK
 Australia
 Pakistan
 India
 Switzerland
 Israel
 Japan
 South Korea
Umme hani
Be 16 27
 Private property

 Profit motive

 Personal freedom

 Perfect competition

 Price mechanism
 Encourage production

 Best resource utilization

 Availability of goods at cheaper price

 Stimulates invention

 Simple and automatic

 Inequality in the society

 Non availability of essential commodity for poor

 Waste of resources

 Monopoly in the competition

 Frequent labor unrest

NAME MARYAM NAZAR
ROLL NO 50
 Communism - a government where people
shared work fairly and were paid equally.
 The word “Communism” comes from the Latin
word “Communis” which means common or
belonging to all.
 The rich get richer.
 The poor get poorer.
 People wanted to
make everything
equal.
 People never er
achieved the goal.
 Goal: to get rid of
social classes and
make everything
fair for everyone.
 Karl Marx (1818 – 1883)
◦ German by birth
◦ Former college professor
◦ Author / philosopher

 Hated the conditions that

the Industrial Revolution
had brought to workers
◦ Created “Marxism” = aka
“Communism”
 Frederick Engels (1820 – 1895)
◦ German by birth
◦ College educated
◦ Journalist / Social critic

 Had reported on the conditions of

working people in Europe during
the Industrial Revolution
◦ Financially supported Marx &
his writings
 The Communist
Manifesto was Marx
and Engels’ greatest
work
◦ Published in 1848

 Not widely read in

Europe until after
Marx’s death in 1883
◦ Marxist “Bible”
 Two (2) groups:

1. Proletariat = Working
class / lower classes of
society

2. Bourgeoisie = Upper
classes / the ones who
gain wealth off the
proletariat
1. Inventions of new
machines
2. Bought by
capitalists
3. Displaced former
workers
4. Difference
between classes
increases
  Marx and Engels studied the history of the world’s economies and the
way that power, industry and finance are controlled.
 They saw the way countries developed in stages over world history

Communism
(Marxism)

Socialism

Capitalism

Feudalism

Primitive
Communism
  This is how humans first lived together – in small
tribes.
 Everything was shared amongst the tribe – food,
jobs, belongings. No-one owned land.
Primitive  Eventually a group comes to power – this leads to
Communism Feudalism…
 •Under feudalism, a
•He gives land
king or emperor or
and privileges to
chief becomes the
‘nobles’ who rule
ruler over all the
the people for
people.
him.

•The people
are kept
uneducated
Feudalism and told that •As trade develops,
God chose some people get richer.
the king to This leads to
rule. The Capitalism…..
Primitive church helps
Communism the king this
way.
 •The
capitalists
get more
power to
serve
•The business
their own
owners or
interests.
capitalists get Capitalism
richer while
the workers do
all the hard •Capitalism creates a huge working-class of
work. Feudalism
people who soon get angry at the way they are
treated.
•Eventually they begin to demand changes.
This will lead to a revolution and Socialism…
 •The workers •Because nothing is
take control of made for profit, all
the country to people benefit from
produce things education and health.
for everyone.
Socialism •These ideas
spread across
the world to
create
Capitalism Communism….

•In the Socialist revolution

all the rulers – kings,
churches, capitalists are got
rid of.
 Communism
(Marxism)

Socialism

•As everyone now works together, war

is a thing of the past – armies are not
needed.
•All human activity
•Sharing means no police are needed.
goes towards
•Everything is provided by the people benefiting each other –
– so money becomes a thing of the allowing all to live their
past. lives to the full.
 The series of events
that took place in
imperial Russia and
culminated in 1917
with the establishment
of the Soviet state that
became known as the
Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics
(USSR) is called the
Russian Revolution.
 It was began to practice in soviet unoin USSR
 It becomes famous among workers in Russia
 It started in 1919-23 in war communism through
russian CIVIL WAR
 Then during cold war 1947-60 betwee USA and Russia.
 It embodies inequality

 It makes health care, education and employment

accessible to citizens

 It does not allow business monopolies

 It hampers personal growth.

 It dictates on the people

 It does not give financial freedom