1) HUAWEI BTS3900 Hardware Structure (Modified)

HUAWEI BTS3900
Hardware Structure
www.huawei.com
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Foreword
 The BTS3900 developed by Huawei is an indoor macro BTS. The
BTS3900 mainly consists of the BBU and DRFUs. Compared with
traditional BTSs, the BTS3900 features simpler structure and
higher integration
 In this slide, we will mainly introduce the hardware system

structure, application scenarios, basic functions of modules,
networking mode and typical configuration of the BTS3900.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page1
References
 《BTS3900 System Description》
 《BTS3900 Hardware Description》
Objectives
 Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
 Know the application scenarios of BTS3900
 Grasp the hardware structure of BTS3900
 Grasp the functions of the modules
 Master typical configuration of BTS3900
 Know the networking topology of BTS3900
Contents
1. BTS3900 Overview
2. BTS3900 Hardware Components
 2.1 BTS3900 basic structure
 2.2 BBU hardware structure
 2.3 Power supply system of BTS3900
 2.4 Other boards and modules
 2.5 Cables connection of the cabinet
3. Configurations of the BTS3900

 3.1 Work modes in BTS3900 configuration
 3.2 Typical configuration
 3.3 RF cable connection
 3.4 Topology configuration
 3.5 Configuration principles
Contents
1. BTS3900 Overview
3. Hardware Configurations of the BTS3900
Location of BTS3900
Um Interface
PSTN
MS TUP,ISUP ISDN
BTS3900
BSC PSPDN
A Interface
MS MSC/VLR
MAP
BTS3900
BTS3900 HLR/AUC/EIR
SMC/VM
MS OMC
BTS3900
MS: Mobile Station BTS: Base Transceiver Station BSC: Base Station Controller
HLR: Home Location Register AUC: Authentication Center EIR: Equipment Identity Register
MSC: Mobile Switching Center VLR: Visitor Location Register SMC: Short Message Center
VM: Voice Mailbox OMC: Operation and Maintenance Center
Some Functions and Features
 It adopts the unified BTS platform developed by Huawei Wireless and
enables the smooth evolution from 2G to 3G
 It supports the Abis IP/FE interface in hardware and enables Abis over IP
through software upgrade if required
 It can be flexibly installed in a small footprint and easily maintained with
low cost
 It supports TX diversity (not supported by the GRFU) and PBT (not
supported by the GRFU).
 It supports 2-antenna and 4-antenna receive diversity to improve the
uplink coverage
 It supports the GPRS and EGPRS
 It supports multiple frequency bands, such as PGSM900, EGSM900, and
GSM1800.
Some Functions and Features
 It supports the hierarchical cell, concentric cell, and micro cell
 It supports multiple network topologies, such as star, tree, chain, ring,
and hybrid topologies
 It supports the A5/3, A5/2, and A5/1 encryption and decryption
algorithms
 A single cabinet supports up to 12 carriers in the maximum cell
configuration of S4/4/4 using DRFU also, Also support up to 72
carriers (using MRFU or GRFU) in the maximum cell configuration of
S24/24/24.
 Receiver sensitivity on TCH/FS is -113 dBm
Contents
1. BTS3900 Overview
3. Hardware Configuration of the BTS3900
Contents
 2. BTS3900 Hardware Components
Introduction to 3900 series
BTS3900 GSM BTS3900A GSM DBS3900 GSM
Structure of the BTS3900 Cabinet
1) Double radio filter unit

2) Fan box
3) GSM antenna and TMA
control module
4) Baseband unit
5) Direct current distribution
unit
-48V Cabinet
Structure of the BTS3900 Cabinet
(1) Double radio filter unit

(2) Fan box
(3) Baseband unit
(4) Direct current distribution unit
(5) Cable in/out unit
(6) Power supply unit
+24V or +220V Cabinet
Abbreviations
Board/ Full Name Quantity
module Full Minimum
Configuration Configuration
BSBC Universal BBU Subrack Backplane type C (2U) 1 1
UEIU Universal Environment Interface Unit 1 0
GTMU GSM Transmission and Management Unit for BBU 1 1
UELP Universal E1/T1 Lightning Protection Unit 1 0
UBFA Universal BBU Fan unit type A (2U) 1 1
UPEU Universal Power and Environment interface Unit 2 1
DRFU Double Radio Filter Unit 6 1
DCDU Direct Current Distribution Unit 1 1
GATM GSM Antenna and TMA Control Module 1 0
DPMU Power and Environment Monitoring Unit 1 0
PSU(AC/DC) Power Supply Unit (AC/DC) 3 0
PSU(DC/DC) Power Supply Unit (DC/DC) 4 0
Fan box Fan box 1 1
Logical Structure and Signal Flow
Contents
BBU
 The typical power consumption of BBU is 35W
 The weight of the BBU is 12 kg at most.
 All the boards can be inserted from the front panel
 The Permissible range of power input is –38.4 V DC to –57 V DC
Working Principles of the BBU
Boards and Modules in BBU
 BSBC: The universal BBU subrack backplane type C
 GTMU: The GSM Transmission, Timing and Management Unit
 UBFA: The universal BBU fan unit type A
 UPEU: The universal power and environment interface unit
 UELP: The universal E1/T1 lightning protection unit
 UEIU: The universal environment interface unit
BSBC Board
 The BSBA provides slot 6 for the GTMU, slot 7 for a main control board
that supports 3G, and slots 0 to 4 as common slots. The GTMU is 1U (two
slots) high. Therefore, from the view of the front panel, the GTMU is
located in slots 5 and 6
 Provide backplane interfaces, communication channels, distribute clock
signal and +12V power supply for the other boards
GTMU
 Controls, maintains, and operates the BTS
 Monitors the fan module and the power supply module in the BBU
 Distributes and manages BTS clock signals
 Provides the Ethernet port for terminal maintenance
 Supports four E1 inputs & Ethernet port for transmission.
 Provides the CPRI ports for communication with the DRFU
GTMU Ports
Port Type Corresponding Cable Description
CPRI0～ DLC Optical fiber between Connected to DRFU for the optical signal
CPRI5 BBU and DRFU transmission
ETH RJ45 Special Ethernet cable Terminal maintenance and commissioning
FE0 RJ45 Ethernet cable A reserved port that performs the following
FE1 DLC Optical fiber function: Connects the BBU to a routing device
in the equipment room through the Ethernet
cable for transmission
USB USB - A reserved port that performs the following
function: Automatically upgrades the software
through the USB disk
TEST USB - Tests the output clock signals with a tester
E1/T1 DB26 BBU E1/T1 Provides the input and output of the four E1/T1
male signals between the GTMU and the UELP or
between the GTMU and the BSC
GTMU Indicators
Indicator Color Status Description
RUN Green On Board has fault
Green Off Not power input or the board is faulty
Green Slow flash(1s on，1s off) The board is operational.
Green Slow flash (2s on，2s off) OML is abnormal
Green Fast flash (0.125s on, 0.125s off) Board is loading software
ALM Red On A fault occurs in the running board.

Off No fault
ACT Green On The board is operational.
Off Board has fault
LIU0~LIU Green On This link is not used.
3 Fast flash (0.125s on, 0.125s off) A remote E1/T1 alarm is generated.
Off This link is operational.
CPRI0~C Green On CPRI link is functional
PRI5 Red On CPRI link is abnormal
UBFA
 The universal BBU fan unit type A (2U) (UBFA) works with the air inlet box of
the cabinet to form a ventilation circuit, thus cooling the entire cabinet
 The UBFA module communicates with the GTMU to regulate the temperature,
adjust the fan speed, and report alarms. The UBFA module is hot swappable
Indicator Color Status Description
Green Fast flash(0.25s Can not communicate

on，0.25s off) with the board and
there is no alarm
generated
STATE
Red On There is alarm
Green Slow flash(1s Runs normally
on, 1s off)
UPEU
 The universal power and environment interface unit type A (–48 V) (UPEU)
supports the –48 V DC power input, supplies power to the boards, modules,
and fan in the BBU, and provides access to multiple environment
monitoring signals Port Type Description
MON0 RJ45 Provides the input and output of the
externally collected environment
monitoring signals to the GTMU
according to the RS485
communications protocol
MON1 RJ45 Same as MONO0
EXT- RJ45 Transmits the externally collected

ALM0 environment monitoring signals to
the GTMU through communications
protocol related to the dry contact
EXT- RJ45 Same as EXT-ALM0
ALM1
PWR 3V3 -48V DC input
UEIU
 UEIU is the environment interface board of BBU，it can support
multi-route monitoring signal input
 UEIU is optional and is only used when more ports are needed
Port Type Description
MON0 RJ45 Provides the input and output of the

externally collected environment
monitoring signals to the GTMU
according to the RS485
communications protocol
MON1 RJ45 Same as MONO0.
EXT- RJ45 Transmits the externally collected
ALM0 environment monitoring signals to the
GTMU through communications
protocol related to the dry contact
EXT- RJ45 Same as EXT-ALM0.
ALM1
UELP
 UELP is the E1/T1 signal lightening protection unit of BBU and it
can provide protection for 4 route E1/T1 signal
Port Type Relative cables Description
INSIDE DB25 male E1 transferring Transfers the four E1/T1

cable signals between the UELP
and the GTMU
OUTSIDE DB26 male E1/T1 cable Provides the input and
output of the four E1/T1
signals between the BBU
and the BSC
BBU Cables
 Grounding cable, -48DC power cable, E1/T1 cable, E1 transferring
cable, main node alarm signal cable, FE port cable, CPRI port signal
cable and transmission cabinet monitoring cable
Contents
DCDU Panel
a: Power switch b: Power output ports

Contents
Features and Functions of Fan Box
 Provides forced ventilation and dissipation for the cabinet
 Supports two modes of adjusting the rotation speed of the fans:
adjustment based on the temperature and adjustment controlled by BBU
 Detects the temperature
 Communicates with BBU unit to report alarms and the adjusted rotation
speed of the fans to BBU
 Stops the rotation of the fans when the ambient temperature is low
 A fan box is configured with one NFCB and four fans. The fans are
configured in N+1 mode. When one fan fails, the other fans rotate at full
speed
Connectors and LEDs of Fan Box
Type Silk-Screen Connector Description
Power port -48 V 7W2 Used to introduce the -48 V DC power
Temperature SENSOR RJ45 Used in connection to the external temperature sensor

sensor port
Communication COM OUT RJ45 Used in connection to the lower-level cascaded fan box
port
COM IN RJ45 Used in communication with the central processing unit
LED Color Status Description
RUN Green Blinking four times The communication with the central processing unit is not
per second established but the module runs normally.
Blinking once every The communication with the central processing unit is
two seconds established and the module runs normally.
Off There is no power input and the module is faulty.
ALM Red Blinking once every An alarm is generated.
two seconds
Off No alarm is generated.
Main Functions of MRFU
 One double radio filter unit (MRFU) provides Max six TRXs
 The MRFU performs modulation and demodulation between baseband

signals and RF signals, processes data, and combines and divides
signals
MRFU
MRFU
MRFU
Working Principles of the MRFU
 The MRFU consists of the high-speed interface unit, signal
processing unit, power amplifier, and dual-duplexer
MRFU
MRFU Functions
 The single MRFU module supports six carriers when working in GSM mode and
GSM+UMTS dual mode, and four carries in UMTS mode.
 When working in GSM mode, the MRFU adopts the direct frequency conversion
technique, which is directly implemented in the transmit channel. The MRFU
modulates the baseband signals into GSM RF signals. After being filtered and
amplified, the RF signals are sent to the antenna for transmission, through the
duplexer in the RF front-end unit.
 When working in UMTS mode, the MRFU directly sends the baseband signal to the
antenna for transmission after processing, through the duplexer in the RF front-end
unit.
 The MRFU processes the uplink RF signals received from the antenna through down
conversion, amplification, analog-to-digital conversion, digital down-conversion,
matched filtering, Automatic Gain Control (AGC), and then transmits the signals to
the BBU3900 for further processing.
Ports of the MRFU
Type Connector Ports Description
Port for N female ANT_TX/RXA Used in connection to the antenna subsystem
transmitting connector
and ANT_RXB
receiving
RF signals
CPRI SFP female CPRI0 Used in connection to the BBU, or in
port connector connection to the upper-level cascaded
MRFU
CPRI1 Used in connection to the lower-level
cascaded MRFU
Port for QMA female RX1 in Input port for diversity signals in antenna
transmitting connector channel 1
RF signals
RX1 out Output port of diversity signals in antenna
between
channel 1
MRFUs
Power 7W2 power PWR Receives power input
port connector
LEDs of the DRFU
LED Status Meaning
RUN On The power input is normal, but the BBU is faulty
Off There is no power supply or the module is faulty
Blinking once every two The module is functional

seconds
Blinking four times per The module is loading software or is not started
second
ALM On A fault alarm is generated
Off No alarm is generated
ACT On The module is functional and is correctly connected to the

BBU
Off The connection with the BBU is not established
Blinking once every two The DRFU is being tested on the Site Maintenance
seconds Terminal
LEDs of the DRFU
VSWR Off (red) No VSWR alarm is detected.
Blinking once every two The VSWR alarm is generated on only the ANT2 port.
seconds (red)
Blinking four times per The VSWR alarms are generated on the ANT1 and ANT2
second (red) ports.
On (red) The VSWR alarm is generated on only the ANT1 port.
CPRI0 On (green) The CPRI link is functional.
On (red) The interface module fails to receive signals.
Blinking once every two The CPRI link has a loss-of-lock error.
seconds (red)
CPRI1 On (green) The CPRI link is functional.
On (red) The interface module fails to receive signals.
Blinking once every two The CPRI link has a loss-of-lock error.
seconds (red)
Contents
Cable Connection of -48V Cabinet
Cable Cable Name Qua
Number ntity
R1-R12 RF Jumpers 12
P1-P2 External Power Cables (-48 V) 2

P3-P8 Power Cables Between the DCDU and DRFUs 6
P9 Power Cable Between the DCDU and Fan Box 1
P10 Power Cable Between the DCDU and BBU 1
P11-P12 Reserved 2
S1-S6 CPRI Signal Cables Between the BBU and 6
DRFU
S7 E1 Transfer Cable of the BBU 1
S8 Monitoring Signal Cables for the DCDU 1
S9 Monitoring Signal Cable for the Fan Box 1
S10 E1/T1 Cable of the BBU 1
Contents
1. BTS3900 Overview
3. Hardware Configuration of the BTS3900
Contents
 3. Hardware Configuration of the BTS3900
Corresponding Relationship between MRFU
Capacity and working modes
MRFUCapacity when 1TX and 2RX
MRFU Maximum number of

working mode TRX
GSM Mode 6
GSM+UMTS 6（Total TRX number

Dual Mode of GSM+ Total TRX
number of UMTS）
UMTS Mode 4

Page 44
Antenna Modes
 Single antenna
 The MRFU module has 1 working feeder so there is no receive diversity or
transmit diversity
 Single antenna, double receivers
 The MRFU module has 1 working TX/RX feeder and 2 way receive diversity,
one of the receiver is from the another MRFU module.
 Double antennas
 The MRFU module has 2 working TX/RX feeders and 2 way receive diversity
MRFU Transmit Mode and Receive
Mode
 MRFU Send Mode
 Transmitter Independent or Combining
 Diversity Transmitter (not supported in the current version)
 MRFU Receive Mode
 Main Diversity
 Four Diversity Receiver (not supported not supported in the
current version)
MRFU Transmitted power according to
TRXs
Configuration Dynamic TOC Power
S1 60 W
S2 40 W
S3 31 W
S4 27 W
S5 20 W
S6 16 W
The output power of TRXs is determined by the TRX number of the GRFU/MRFU.
Contents
Typical Configuration — GSM Only
 Typical Configuration ：S1 ～ S6
 Hardware Configuration
 One MRFU
 One dual-polarized antenna
 TRX attributes and antenna mode on the BSC

side:
 Transmit mode: Transmit Independency
 Receive mode: Receive Diversity
 Antenna mode: Double Antennas

Page 49
Contents
BTS3900 Topologies - Star
 The star topology applies to common areas,
especially densely populated areas, such as
cities
 Advantages
 In the star topology, each site is directly
connected to the BSC. It has the following
features:
 Easy networking
 Easy project implementation
 Easy network maintenance
 Easy network expansion
 High network reliability
 Disadvantages
 Compared with other topologies, the star
topology requires more transmission cables
BTS3900 Topologies - Chain
 The chain topology applies to sparsely populated areas in strip-like terrain,
such as areas along highways and railway tracks
 Advantages
 The chain topology reduces cost in transmission equipment, construction, and
transmission link lease
 Disadvantages
 As signals pass through many nodes, the transmission reliability in the chain topology is
reduced
 The faults in the upper-level BTSs may affect the lower-level BTSs
 The number of levels in a chain network should not exceed five
BTS3900 Topologies - Tree
 The tree topology applies to areas where network
structures, site distribution, and subscriber
distribution are complicated, for example, an area
where large-scale coverage overlaps hot spot or
small-scale coverage
 Advantages
 The tree topology requires fewer transmission
cables compared with the star topology
 Disadvantages
 As signals pass through many nodes, the
transmission reliability is reduced. This makes it
difficult for maintenance and engineering
 The faults in the upper-level BTSs may affect the
lower-level BTSs
 Capacity expansion is difficult
 The number of levels in the tree should not exceed
five
BTS3900 Topologies - Ring
 The ring topology applies to common scenarios. Due to its strong self-
healing capability, the ring topology is preferred if permitted by the routing
 Advantages
 If there is a breaking point in the ring, the ring breaks into two chains at the
breaking point automatically. In this way, the BTSs preceding and following
the breaking point can work normally despite the breaking point; thus
improving the robustness of the system
 Disadvantages
 In the ring topology, there is always a link section that does not transfer data
MRFU Topologies Configuration
 The MRFU supports various
network topologies: star,
chain, and ring
Thank you
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1) HUAWEI BTS3900 Hardware Structure (Modified)

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HUAWEI BTS3900

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 In this slide, we will mainly introduce the hardware system

 《BTS3900 Hardware Description》

3. Configurations of the BTS3900

2. BTS3900 Hardware Components

3. Hardware Configurations of the BTS3900

2. BTS3900 Hardware Components

3. Hardware Configuration of the BTS3900

 2.2 BBU hardware structure

 2.3 Power supply system of BTS3900

 2.4 Other boards and modules

 2.5 Cables connection of the cabinet

BTS3900 GSM BTS3900A GSM DBS3900 GSM

1) Double radio filter unit

(1) Double radio filter unit

+24V or +220V Cabinet

 2.2 BBU hardware structure

 2.3 Power supply system of BTS3900

 2.4 Other boards and modules

 2.5 Cables connection of the cabinet

 GTMU: The GSM Transmission, Timing and Management Unit

 UBFA: The universal BBU fan unit type A

 UPEU: The universal power and environment interface unit

 UELP: The universal E1/T1 lightning protection unit

 UEIU: The universal environment interface unit

Green Slow flash(1s on，1s off) The board is operational.

Green Slow flash (2s on，2s off) OML is abnormal

ALM Red On A fault occurs in the running board.

Indicator Color Status Description

Green Fast flash(0.25s Can not communicate

EXT- RJ45 Transmits the externally collected

Port Type Description

MON0 RJ45 Provides the input and output of the

Port Type Relative cables Description

INSIDE DB25 male E1 transferring Transfers the four E1/T1

 2.2 BBU hardware structure

 2.3 Power supply system of BTS3900

 2.4 Other boards and modules

 2.5 Cables connection of the cabinet

a: Power switch b: Power output ports

 2.2 BBU hardware structure

 2.3 Power supply system of BTS3900

 2.4 Other boards and modules

 2.5 Cables connection of the cabinet

Temperature SENSOR RJ45 Used in connection to the external temperature sensor

LED Color Status Description

 The MRFU performs modulation and demodulation between baseband

RUN On The power input is normal, but the BBU is faulty

Off There is no power supply or the module is faulty

Blinking once every two The module is functional

Off No alarm is generated

ACT On The module is functional and is correctly connected to the

CPRI0 On (green) The CPRI link is functional.

On (red) The interface module fails to receive signals.

On (red) The interface module fails to receive signals.

 2.2 BBU hardware structure

 2.3 Power supply system of BTS3900

 2.4 Other boards and modules

 2.5 Cables connection of the cabinet

P1-P2 External Power Cables (-48 V) 2

2. BTS3900 Hardware Components

3. Hardware Configuration of the BTS3900

 3.3 RF cable connection