INTRODUCTION

Our project is IR based building Security System. In the right hands, an

electronic security system can make a home much safer. Here we introduce
an advanced security system for large buildings like villas and apartments.
The alarm is just one link in the security chain. It will be helpful in homes
where a family is security conscious — where they have doors, deadbolt
locks on entry doors and regularly lock their doors and take other ordinary
security measures. Rather than the use of alarm, this system also provides
the detection of the unsecured rooms. An infrared transmitter receiver pair
senses the tress passing of unwanted persons through certain area. If the
communication path between transmitter and receiver cuts it senses.LED
segment placed in the security room will indicate the opened door together
with an alarm. It is usually infrared radiation that is invisible to the human
eye but can be detected by electronic device designed for such a purpose.
Here we use TSOP is a standard IR remote control receiver for the detection
of infrared radiations. Day by day, all over the world different types of
robberies are increasing. So in order to protect our assets –money or data,
need a more efficient security system. That thought results in the designing
of an IR based security system. Page v
 Scope of study

The security system can be improved by

replacing LED array with an LED segment
display. So very large number of rooms or flats
will be able to represent by numbers in the
segment display.

Page vi
Project motivation and contribution

Project motivation and contribution

The motive behind this project is its future
scope in security systems. Here we introduce
an advanced security system for large
buildings like villas and apartments. Rather
than the use of alarm, this system also
provides the detection of the unsecured
rooms

Page vii
BATTERY CAP

Page 1
 BATTERY CAP
This is a simple plastic cap designed to
protect 9-volt batteries from shorting out
and starting fires while in storage. Keeping
unprotected 9v batteries in drawers or
containers with other batteries and metal
can be very dangerous. When everything
gets jumbled around, it is possible for a
piece of metal to short the terminals of the
battery, which will make the battery
overheat and catch on fire. This is a
common cause in house fires.
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SWITCH ON OFF

page3
 SWITCH ON OFF
In electrical engineering, a switch is an electrical
component that can "make" or "break" an
electrical circuit, interrupting the current or
diverting it from one conductor to another.[1][2]
The mechanism of a switch removes or restores
the conducting path in a circuit when it is be
operated manually, for example, a light switch or
a keyboard button, may be operated by a moving
object such as a door, or may be operated by
some sensing element for pressure, temperature
or flow. page4
Transistor BC547

page5
 BC547 transistor
A BC547 transistor is a negative-positive-negative
(NPN) transistor that is used for many purposes.
Together with other electronic components, such
as resistors, coils, and capacitors, it can be used as
the active component for switches and amplifiers.
Like all other NPN transistors, this type has an
emitter terminal, a base or control terminal, and a
collector terminal. In a typical configuration, the
current flowing from the base to the emitter
controls the collector current. A short vertical line,
which is the base, can indicate the transistor
schematic for an NPN transistor, and the emitter,
which is a diagonal line connecting to the base, is
an arrowhead pointing away from the base page6
BUZZER

page7
 Buzzer

A buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling

device,[1] which may be mechanical,
electromechanical, or piezoelectric. Typical
uses of buzzers and beepers include alarm
devices, timers, and confirmation of user input
such as a mouse click or keystroke.

page8
The loudness of such a component is about 85 dB / cm
(note that it does not specify the sound level meter - as for
HP, as a business perspective, it would seem probably too
little power. As for sweets which are given the price per
100g and not for one kilogram). It requires a DC voltage to
operate, it should generally be between 3 V and 28 V,
depending on the model. A buzzer designed to operate at
6 V generally works very well for any supply voltage
between 4 V and 8 V, and a buzzer designed to operate at
12 V can work perfectly at a voltage between 6 V and 28 V
(see characteristics given by the manufacturer for not
making stupidity). There are also buzzers that work directly
on the AC mains 230 V. This type of buzzer is convenient to
use, because unlike piezoelectric buzzers it is simple.
page9
 IR-TRANSMITTER

Page 10
 IR-TRANSMITTER
IR LED emits infrared light, means it emits light in the
range of Infrared frequency. We cannot see Infrared
light through our eyes, they are invisible to human
eyes. The wavelength of Infrared (700nm – 1mm) is
just beyond the normal visible light. Everything which
produce heat, emits infrared like our human body.
Infrared have the same properties as visible light, like
it can be focused, reflected and polarised like visible
light.
.
page11
IR Receiver

Page 12
 IR Receiver
IR Receiver circuit is very simple we just need to
connect a LED to the output of the TSOP1738, to
test the receiver. We have use BC557 PNP
transistor here, to reverse the effect of TSOP,
means whenever the output is HIGH LED will be
OFF and whenever it detects IR and output is
low, LED will be ON. PNP transistor behaves
opposite to the NPN transistor, it acts as open
switch when a voltage applied to its base and
acts as closed switch when there is no voltage at
its base. So normally TSOP output remains HIGH
Page 13
The IR transmitter consists of the LED that emits the
IR(Infra Red) radiation.This is received by the photo
diode, which acts as IR receiver at the receiving end.
Since the IR radiation is invisible to human eye it is
perfect for using in wireless communication.
A electronic remote device mainly consists of this IR
transmitter and receiver. A remote control patterns a
flash of invisible light which is turned into an
instruction and is received by the receiver module.
So how it works?
The IR signal is modulated during transmission.
Modulation means assigning pattern to the data to
be sent to the receiver.The most commonly used IR
modulation is about 38khz
Page 14
LED

page15
 LED
LEDs - those blinky things. A must have
for power indication, pin status, opto-
electronic sensors, and fun blinky
displays.
This is a very basic 5mm LED with a red
lens. It has a typical forward voltage of
2.0V and a rated forward current of
20mA.

Page 16
LEDs are based on the semiconductor diode.
When the diode is forward biased (switched
on), electrons are able to recombine with holes
and energy is released in the form of light. This
effect is called electroluminescence and the
color of the light is determined by the energy
gap of the semiconductor. The LED is usually
small in area (less than 1 mm2) with integrated
optical components to shape its radiation
pattern and assist in reflection

Page 17
10K resistor

Page 18
 10K Resistor
1/6th Watt, +/- 5% tolerance PTH
resistors. Commonly used in breadboards
and perf boards, these 10K resistors make
excellent pull-ups, pull-downs, and
current limiters.
Need more than one? Checkout our bag
of resistors. If you need a bunch of these,
you can get good bulk discounts on
Digikey, part # : 10KEBK-ND

page19
1K Ohm resistor

Page 20
 1K Ohm Resistor
These are ¼th Watt, +/- 5% tolerance PTH
resistors. Commonly used in breadboards and
perf boards, these 1K Ohm resistors make
excellent pull-ups, pull-downs, and current
limiters.
Note: Although these come in bags marked
with a quantity of 25, they don’t always
contain 25. So we’d rather call it 20 and hope
that you get extras.

Page 21
Circuit Diagram

Page 22
 APPLICATION
Infra Red (IR ) sensors are frequently used in
security system. They are used in security because
we can not see IR rays by our naked eyes. In this
circuit we have designed a simple yet useful system
which can be used at many places as a security
device. It generates an alarm if any obstacle comes
between IR transmitter and reciever.

page 23
The ir transmitter keeps transmitting IR rays
from D2 towards IR reciever D3. Both are
directed towards each other in the same line.
As soon as any object comes in between
these two, no IR rays fall on the IR reciever
and its resistance becomes high hence the
voltage V3 goes high and transistor and
buzzer get turned on.

Page 24
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
Advantages
Provide more security
Easy detection of unsecured room
Fewer components, so easy to maintain
Less complex circuit
power consumption
Economical

Disadvantages
• The range of transmission is quite short compared to
wired transmission. The performance will drop off if the
distance to the receiver is out of range for the infrared
device
• The transmitters and receivers must be closely
aligned to communicate by being directly in sight of
each other Page 25
 REFERENCES

www.liveprojectworks.com
www.homesecurityandalarms.com
www.wikipedia.org
www.futurelec.com
Power Electronics-Dr. P S Bimbhra

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