INDUSTRIAL WASTE AND

SLUDGE MANAGEMENT BY
VERMICOMPOSTING

RESHMA R NAIR
S7 CE
GUIDED BY, ROLL NO:41
MANJU R
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
CE DEPT
 INTRODUCTION
• Rapid population and industrial growth is causing
severe environmental degradation arising from
population problem
• The biodegradable wastes can be processed into
organic manure
• Vermitechnology can be a promising technique that
has shown its potential in certain challenging areas
like augmentation of food production, waste
recycling, management of solid wastes etc

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SOURCES OF WASTE

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 KINDS OF WASTES

WASTE

BIO - NON NON

SOLID LIQUID HAZARDOUS BIODEGRADABLE
DEGRADABLE HAZARDOUS

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 METHOD OF DISPOSAL

INSANITARY METHODS
1. Hog feeding
2. Dumping
SANITARY METHODS
1. Sanitary landfill/ Controlled tipping
2. Composting

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3. Incineration
4. Manure pits
5. Burial
6. Biogas plant

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COMPOSTING –Method of combined
disposal of refuse and nightsoil or sludge.
–Organic matter breaks down under
bacterial action, producing “compost” used
as manure.

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 THREE METHODS OF COMPOSTING

BANGALORE
METHOD

MECHANICAL
COMPOSTING

VERMICOMPOSTING

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VERMICOMPOSTING

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2-3 MONTHS

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• Vermicomposting is a biotechnological process in
which earthworms are employed to convert the organic
wastes into humus
• Certain earthworm species are capable of consuming a
wide range of organic wastes from sewage sludge,
animal wastes, agricultural residues,domestic wastes,
to industrial wastes

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 WASTE DEGRADATION

WITH N,P,K,Ca Degrade

Digestion in proteinaceous
presence of materials
enzymes

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• The success of vermicomposting process depends on
number of abiotic and biotic factors.
ABIOTIC BBIOTIC

MOISTURE C:N RATIO

PH CONTENT
FEED
QUALITY ENZYME

TEMPERATURE AERATION
MICROORGANISMS
LIGHT

EARTHWORMS STOCKING
DENSITY
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 ADVANTAGE

The transformation of organic wastes into vermicompost

is of double interest

waste is converted into value controls solid

added product waste pollution

can be done at any scale

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• Areas where can be used:;
 Sugar industry waste
 Food industry waste
 Paper-pulp industry waste
 Textile industry waste
 Distillery industry waste
 Winery and Beverage industry waste
 Tanning industry waste
 Dairy industry sludge
 Thermal power plants waste (fly ash) etc

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 EFFECT ON INDUSTRIAL WASTES
&
ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF PLANTS

• If vermicomposts are integrated in nutrient management in

agricultural fields, the costs of food produced by farmers
practicing sustainable agriculture may be reduced
significantly

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• Vermicompost (metabolic products of earthworms
feeding on organic wastes) is proving to be highly
nutritive ‘organic fertilizer’ and a ‘miracle growth
promoter rich in NKP (nitrogen 2–3%, potassium
1.85–2.25% and phosphorus 1.55–2.25%),
micronutrients, beneficial soil microbes and also
contain ‘plant growth hormones and enzymes

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 SOURCE OF VERMICOMPOST

o Animal dung
o Agricultural wastes
o Waste paper and cotton cloth
o Forestry wastes
o City leaf litter
o Biogas slurry
o City refuse
o Industrial waste

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 PRECAUTIONS

• Should be protected from direct sunlight

• Worms should be protected from ants,rats and birds
• Vermibeds are covered with a jute mat or banana
leaves to protect from birds
• Water is sprinkled on vermibeds to keep them moist
• The waste is turned upside down fornightly without
disturbing the basal layer

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 CONCLUSION
• Earthworms are helpful in industrial waste recycling
transform industrial wastes into valuable products

• Vermicomposts produced from wastes could be applied

to crops as a source of plant nutrients

• Still there are gaps in vermicomposting research as most

of the studies have been conducted under controlled
conditions at laboratory scale

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 REFERENCE
• Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol (2011) 10:243–276
DOI 10.1007/s11157-011-9242-y
Industrial waste management by vermicomposting
Anoop Yadav V. K. Garg

• Aira M, Monroy F, Domı′nguez J, Mato S (2002) How

earthworm density affects microbial biomass and activity
in pig manure. Eur J Soil Biol 38:7–10CrossRefGoogle
Scholar

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• Banu JR, Esakkiraj S, Nagendran R, Logakanthi S
(2005) Biomanagement of petrochemical sludge using
an exotic earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae. J Environ Biol
26:43–47Google Scholar

• Banu JR, Logakanthi S, Vijayalakshmi GS (2001)

Biomanagement of paper mill sludge using an
indigenous (Lampito mauritii) and two exotic (Eudrilus
eugineae and Eisenia foetida) earthworms. J. Environ
Biol 22(3):181–185Google Scholar
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