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Research?
What is Qualitative Research?
Key Terms
Key Terms
2 Categories of Research:
1. Basic: motivated by intellectual interest
in a phenomenon and has as its goal the
extension of knowledge
- to know more about the topic
What is Qualitative Research?
Key Terms
2 Categories of Research:
2. Applied: undertaken to improve the
quality of practice of a particular
discipline
- improve the way things are done
What is Qualitative Research?
Key Terms
Models: overall framework for how we
look at reality
- what reality is like & its basic elements
- nature and status of knowledge
What is Qualitative Research?
Key Terms
Concept: clearly defined set of ideas
deriving from a particular model
- ways of looking at the world to help
define the research problem
- filing cabinet
What is Qualitative Research?
Key Terms
Theories: arranged set of concepts to define
and explain some phenomenon
- contain plausible relationships
- provides a footing for considering the
world
- basis for considering how the unknown
may be organized
What is Qualitative Research?
Key Terms
Hypothesis: a proposition(s) set forth as an
explanation for the occurrence of some
specified group of phenomena
- directly tested
What is Qualitative Research?
Key Terms
Methodology: specific means of studying a topic,
gathering data, and analysis of that data
- contain:
1. preference for certain methods
2. theory of scientific knowledge
3. range of solutions
4. systematic sequence of procedural steps
What is Qualitative Research?
Key Terms
2 Types of Research:
Qualitative and Quantitative
What is Qualitative Research?
Defining
Quantitative Research: the systematic
empirical investigation of quantitative
properties and phenomena and their
relationships.
a. Objective is to develop and employ
mathematical models, theories and/or
hypothesis pertaining to the topic being
examined
What is Qualitative Research?
Defining
Quantitative Research:
b. Measurement process is crucial
- provides the fundamental
connection between empirical
observation and mathematical
expression of quantitative
relationships
What is Qualitative Research?
Defining
Qualitative Research:
To seize upon the interpretations people place on
existence and to synthesize them so they are
more readily available to us. This is a process of
making large claims from small matters:
studying particular rituals, poems, plays,
conversations, songs, dances, theories, and
myths and gingerly reaching out to the full
relations within a culture or a total way of life.
James Carey (1975)
What is Qualitative Research?
Defining
Qualitative Research:
Generic term for investigative
methodologies described as
ethnographic, naturalistic,
anthropological, field, or participant
observer research.
- Emphasizes the importance of looking
at variables in the natural setting in
which they are found. Interaction
between variables is important.
What is Qualitative Research?
Defining
Qualitative Research:
- Detailed data is gathered through open
ended questions that provide direct
quotations.
- The interviewer is an integral part of
the investigation
(Jacob, 1988)
What is Qualitative Research?
Defining
Qualitative Research:
Umbrella term covering an array of
interpretive techniques which seek to
describe, decode, translate, and otherwise
come to terms with the meaning, not the
frequency, of certain more or less naturally
occurring phenomenon in the social world
What is Qualitative Research?
Defining
Qualitative Research:
- an attempt to understand the meaning
people of constructed /how people make
sense of their world
(Van Maanen, 1979, p. 520)
What is Qualitative Research?
Disadvantages
Mean, Need
Culture or Desire
What people do
What is Qualitative Research?
(Smith, 1983)
What is Qualitative Research?
Philosophical Perspectives
Paradigm: a framework for observation and
understanding that shapes what we see
and how we understand it
- accepted assumptions
What is Qualitative Research?
2. Cyclical in nature
2. Generalizable laws
3. Study of variables
- Cause & effect relationships
What is Qualitative Research?
Philosophical Perspectives & Paradigms
Positivist:
4. Hypothesis (predictions)
5. Quantifiable data
What is Qualitative Research?
Philosophical Perspectives & Paradigms
Interpretive:
4. Unique explanations
5. Qualitative data
What is Qualitative Research?
Philosophical Perspectives & Paradigms
Critical: