Piping &

Instrumentation
Diagram
By:
Waseem Sajjad
 We Will Cover

 General types of diagrams

 PFD & P&ID Difference
 General info about P&ID sheet
 Symbols Used in P&ID
 How to Read P&ID?
 Understanding P&ID instrumentation loops
 General Types of Diagrams
(w.r.t. scale)

 Scaled Diagrams (Mechanical Design,

Civil Drafting)

 Free Scale Diagram (Process P&ID, PFD)

Difference b/w PFD & P&ID

PFD P&ID
 Very simple in drawing  Complicated drawing
 Main process circuits  Each process line shown
shown
 Process information  No process info in P&ID
given in PFD
 A glimpse of  Detailed instrumentation
instrumentation
 No data of process  Includes general design
hardware data of process
hardware
PFD Example
PFD of Plant
PFD Sheet part 2
PFD Sheet part 3
Summary of PFD
 General process layout is given
 Streams temp, pressure , enthalpy,
composition, volumetric flow rate and
mass flow rate are given
 Stream # is given to each line
 No specific equipment or instrument
symbol is used
 Revision is also included
Now Comes to
P&ID
P&ID Standard
Standard ISA* S5.1 instrumentation
symbol specification

* Institute of Standard Automation

General Types of P&ID

1. Initial P&ID for Plant

2. As Built
3. Revised
Data on P&ID
Right Corner

At the right bottom corner of P&I D ,the following

data is written.
 Project Title
 Drawing Title
 Drawing Number
 Revision no.
 Drawn by , Checked by, Approved by
 Issuing Date
 Sheet no.
Data on P&ID
Right Corner
Data on P&ID
Other Data

Following data is also available on P&ID;

 Equipment general design Data

 Line Continuation
 Line information
 Note
Line Continuation and information

LINE CONTINUATION
To SR-R 001
4196-2

DWG. NUMBER

FG-424510-A1A1-3”
LINE SIZE
SERVICE MATERIAL CLASS
LINE NUMBER
 Equipment Detail

HT-E-001A/B
NAPHTHA SPLITTER FEED BOTTOM
EXCHANGER
DESIGN HEAT EXCHANGED : 1.19 MM Kcal/hr
TUBE SIDE DESIGN PRESS/TEMP : 36 Kg/cm2G/186 oC
SHELL SIDE DESIGN PRESS/TEMP : 24 Kg/cm2G/120 oC
SYMBOLS
Valves

GATE VALVE DIAPHRAGM VALVE

GLOBE VALVE BALL VALVE

NRV PRESSURE SAFETY VALVE

PLUG VALVE BUTTERFLY VALVE

SELF CONTAINED REGULATOR

 Symbols
Lines

 Process Pipe

 Pneumatic signal

 Electric Signal

 Capillary Tubing
filled System

 Hydraulic Signal

 Electromagnetic or
sonic signal
(guided)

 Software data link

 Understanding
Instrumentation
on P&ID
Understanding Instrumentation
Instrument Location

The instrument is The instrument is The instrument is

mounted in the field mounted in the mounted out of sight
near process (Close control room (Close (Not Accessible to
to Operator) to Boardman) Operator)
Understanding Instrumentation
Shared Display & Shared Control

In the Out of Sight

In the Field (Like Rack Room)
Control Room

Recording Element/Computer Function

Understanding Instrumentation
All Together
Interlocks/Logic Gates
Example; Building the P&ID
Example; Building the P&ID
Replace equipments with symbols
Example; Building the P&ID
Use Tags
Example; Building the P&ID
Understanding Tag
Example; Building the P&ID
Understanding Loop
Example; Building the P&ID
As a whole
Example; P&ID of Plant
Understanding simple instrumentation loop
Understanding
Instrumentation
Cascade loop
Extracts
 Diagram Types
 PFD
 Difference b/w PFD & P&ID
 P&ID standard
 Data on P&ID
 Symbols used in P&ID
 How to read P&ID
 How to build P&ID
 Understanding instrumentation on P&ID
Questions ?