Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
• Luhman (http://www.astro.psu.edu/users/kluhman/a1/Lec21.ppt)
• Orsela de Marco
(http://www.ncac.torun.pl/~pngdansk/presentations/orsola_de_m
arco_talk.ppt)
• Gänsicke
(http://deneb.astro.warwick.ac.uk/phsdaj/PX387/BinaryStars.ppt)
AGB: R ~ 500-1500 Ro
RGB: R ~100-300 Ro
Roche Lobes
Lagrange points are gravitational balance
points where the attraction of one star
equals the attraction of the other. The
balance points in general map out the
star’s Roche lobes. If a star’s surface
extends further than its Roche lobe, it will
lose mass.
Contact
Interactions in close binaries – 3 effects
1. Distortion of the star(s) from
spherical shape: ellipsoidal
modulation (bright when seen Donor
from sides) WD
2. Gravity darkening
lower gravity
hotter
3. Irradiation & heating: reflection effect
Unstable Roche
Common envelope The existence of a CE
Lobe overflow phase is inferred by the
presence of evolved close
binaries: CVs, Type Ia SN,
LMXB, post-RGB sdB
binaries, and binary
CSPN, with P < 3-5 yr
Mass Loss
If a red giant overflows its
Roche lobe so that it engulfs
the companion, its outside
may be stripped away, leaving
only its hot core.
RS CVn
Stars
RR Tel
1. Pulsating red giant star and a
compact, hot white dwarf star
binary
2. The red giant is losing mass.
The white dwarf concentrates
the wind into an accretion disk
3. Nova outburst. The hot gas
forms a pair of expanding
bubbles above and below the
Munari & Zwitter 2002, A&A 383, 188
equatorial disk.
4. Process repeats
NGC 6791
[Fe/H[ = +0.4
Age > 8 Gyr
Extreme Blue HB
stars and sdB
Binaries
● Subdwarf B (sdB) stars are core helium burning stars of mass 0.5 with a very
thin hydrogen-rich envelope
● Mass loss on RGB is strong enough to prevent the helium flash
● Single-star evolution can’t account for the very small hydrogen envelope mass
● Close binary evolution may explain their origin
– Unstable mass transfer results in CE, which is ejected after a spiraling-in of both
stars sdB+MS or sdB+WD
– Stable Roche-lobe overflow, no CE phase > larger orbital separation and periods
– two He-WDs merge to ignite core helium burning - only scenario that produces
single sdB stars
● Many sdB stars are members of binary systems with cool companions
Formation of a white dwarf/main sequence binary
2 CE:
Formation of a
millisecond
pulsar
2CE: Formation of WD-WD
binaries
wind accretion
common envelope
y
common envelope “High mass X-ray binary”
WD+WD (HMXB), P~days - months
y
P~hours - days
RLOF,wind
red giant y
RLOF y
mass donor
“symbiotic stars” NS+NS
WD+MS binary NS/BH+MS binary
P~weeks - years
“cataclysmic variable” “low mass X-ray binary” SNIa
P~80min – 1day (LMXB), P~1h - days
detached
y
WD/NS/BH + MS
binary y -ray bursts (GRB)
P~days - years SNIa WD+BD binary