3 KOMPONEN HOTS

(TRANSFER PENGETAHUAN, BERPIKIR

KRITIS DAN PROBLEM SOLVING)
DEFINISI TRANSFER PENGETAHUAN
Transfer knowledge requires students not only to
remember but also to make sense of and be able
to use what they have learned. (Anderson &
Krathwohl, 2001, p. 63)
 transfer pengetahuan tidak hanya
membutuhkan ingatan, tapi juga pemahaman,
pertimbangan logis dan kemampuan
menerapkan hal yang telah dipelajari.
DEFINISI BERPIKIR KRITIS
Critical thinking is reasonable, reflective thinking that is focused on
deciding what to believe or do. (Norris & Ennis, 1989, p. 3)
Berpikir kritis berarti beralasan, berpikir reflektif yang berfokus
pada memutuskan apa yang diyakini atau dilakukan.

Critical thinking as “artful thinking” (p. 299), which includes

reasoning, questioning and investigating, observing and describing,
comparing and connecting, finding complexity, and exploring
viewpoints. Barahal (2008)
Berpikir kritis dimaknai berpikir kreatif/terampil yang meliputi
pemberian alasan, bertanya dan menyelidiki, mengamati dan
menggambarkan, membandingkan dan menghubungkan,
menemukan kompleksitas dan menyelidiki sudut pandang
DEFINISI PROBLEM SOLVING
 Problem solving defines as higher order thinking processes to
reach the goal
 Problem solving adalah proses berpikir tingkat tinggi untuk
mencapai tujuan.
 As you explore new domains you will need to remember
information, learn with understanding, critically evaluate ideas,
formulate creative alternatives, and communicate effectively. [A
problem-solving] model can be applied to each of these problems
. . . to help you to continue to learn on your own. (Bransford &
Stein, 1984, p. 122)
 Problem solving adalah model yang diterapkan untuk mengatasi
masalah ketika menyelidiki domain baru terkait mengingat
informasi, belajar memahami, mengevaluasi ide secara kritis,
memformulasi pilihan kreatif dan komunikasi efektif untuk
membantu melanjutkan proses belajar sendiri
HIGHER-ORDER THINKING AS TRANSFER
 Analyze, Evaluate, and Create (analisis, evaluasi dan
mencipta)
 “Being able to think” means students can apply the
knowledge and skills they developed during their
learning to new contexts.
 Kemampuan berpikir yang bermakna siswa dapat
menerapkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan untuk
mendapatkan konteks baru
 “Being able to relate their learning to other elements
beyond those they were taught to associate with it.
 Kemampuan menghubungkan pembelajaran dengan
elemen lain selain yang dipelajari
HIGHER-ORDER THINKING AS CRITICAL
THINKING
 “being able to think” means students can apply
wise judgment or produce a reasoned critique.
 “Siswa dapat menerapkan keputusan yang bijak
atau menghasilkan kritik yang beralasan”
 Higher-order thinking means students can do
activities such as giving reason, reflect, and make
sound decisions.
 “siswa dapat memberikan alasan, melakukan
refleksi dan membuat keputusan”
HIGHER-ORDER THINKING AS PROBLEM
SOLVING
 identify and solve problems in their academic
work and in life
 mengidentifikasi dan mengatasi masalah
terkait kegiatan sekolah dan dalam kehidupan
sehari-hari
 “being able to think” means students can
solve problems and work creatively
 Siswa dapat mengatasi masalahnya dan
bekerja secara kreatif