Security Level:

Handling of Links with

Unqualified XPD
——Microwave AOC

www.huawei.com

Author/ Email: Xugang/mic.xugang@Huawei.com

Version: V1.0(20170507)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Contents
 Summary
 How to measure Link XPD
 Unqualified Link XPD root cause analysis
 Engineering-XPD Fine-Tuning Problem
 Engineering-Installation Damaged
 Equipment-Antenna problem
 Specification installation
 Summary
1. XPD: Cross-polarization discrimination, XPD=10Lg(P Co-polarization /P
cross-polarization ), generally expressed in dB. Antenna XPD indicators by
the processing technology, materials and other effects of large, different
antenna, the same antenna between the different frequency points. The
UHP antenna processing technology and materials to ensure that each
antenna XPD value greater than 30dB.
2. The link XPD indicator is not exactly the same as the antenna XPD value.
The antenna XPD value is the test value for a single antenna at a
professional site, and the link XPD value is affected by a pair of antennas,
and is also affected by the depolarization effect of the link propagation
environment. A single antenna XPD value greater than 30dB, link XPD
value is guaranteed to be greater than 24dB.
3. Qualified XPD on the premise that the link RSL value must be stable and
reach the acceptance criteria.
V V
OMT OMT

H H

Receiver end use 2

ODU to measure 2
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How to measure Link XPD

V V
Use 2*ODU to measure OMT OMT

H H

Transmit end Receiver end use 2

mute one ODU to measure 2
polarization . times.
Step 1, select the ODU board.
Step 2, select “ODU Interface”.
Step 3, select “Advance Attributes”.
Step 4, select “configure Transmission
status” to mute.
Step 5, select “apply”.
Step 6, select “Query”, to check the
Actual Transmission Status should
be mute.

//Or manually Mute ODU to

make adjustments.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 4

How to measure Link XPD
Microwave link configuration

Mute local site V-polarization ODU,

The remoter site Link XPDh=RSL H-RSL
V=23.8dB

Mute local site H-polarization ODU, then we could the remote site Link XPDv
Mute the remote site V-polarization ODU, then we could get the local site Link XPDh
Mute the remote site H-polarization ODU, then we could get the local site Link XPDv
We could get 4 link XPD.

TIPs:
1. To avoid loss connect with remote site, remember to unmute the ODU after the every time
measurement.
2. Mute one ODU with XPIC group would cut down the service in few seconds, and the capacity
would be half.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 5

 How to measure Link XPD
It is not accurate to perform XPD queries by querying board performance.
XPIC_XPD_VALUE is mainly used to diagnose faults on XPIC links based on its value
changes, and monitor the link XPD without interrupting services. Its value may be
different from the actual link XPD.
The pre-warning link:
http://support.huawei.com/carrier/doc
view!docview?nid=SE0000755271&path
=PBI1-7275726/PBI1-7275738/PBI1-
7275894/PBI1-22318678/PBI1-
3224356

Correctly through the network

management U2000/Weblct link XPD
query, we can choose as follows “NE" ->
"Diagonosis & Maintenance" -> "XPD
Meter-free Test“

TIPs:
Without 1+1 protection configuration, disable
AM/ATPC, and the TSL must be consitant.
Mute is performed on the ODU during the
query link XPD.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 6
How to measure Link XPD
rsl(dbm) voltage(V) rsl(dbm) voltage(V)
-90 0.10 -55 2.30
Maybe the multimeter is more convenient than -89 0.16 -54 2.36
Weblct, the engineer can read the voltage when -88
-87
0.23
0.29
-53
-52
2.43
2.49
he is rotating the OMT. -86 0.35 -51 2.55
-85 0.41 -50 2.61
-84 0.48 -49 2.68
-83 0.54 -48 2.74
-82 0.60 -47 2.80
V-local V-remote -81 0.67 -46 2.87
-80 0.73 -45 2.93
-79 0.79 -44 2.99
-78 0.85 -43 3.05
-77 0.92 -42 3.12
-76 0.98 -41 3.18
H-local H-remote -75 1.04 -40 3.24
-74 1.11 -39 3.31
-73 1.17 -38 3.37
For example, to adjust the V-local XPD: -72 1.23 -37 3.43
-71 1.29 -36 3.49
Step1:mute the remote H ODU; -70 1.36 -35 3.56
Step2:check the V-local ODU voltage and H-local -69 1.42 -34 3.62
-68 1.48 -33 3.68
ODU voltage; -67 1.55 -32 3.75
Step3:if the difference between the two values is -66
-65
1.61
1.67
-31
-30
3.81
3.87
less than 1.57V, then rotate the OMT to turn -64 1.73 -29 3.93
down the H-local ODU voltage, until the -63
-62
1.80
1.86
-28
-27
4.00
4.06
difference is more than 1.57V. -61 1.92 -26 4.12
-60 1.99 -25 4.19
-59 2.05 -24 4.25
-58 2.11 -23 4.31
-57 2.17 -22 4.37
-56 2.24 -21 4.44
-55 2.30 -20 4.50
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 7
Unqualified Link XPD root cause analysis

The link XPD achieves the standards on the premise that the link RSL value
must be stable and meet the acceptance criteria, when the RSL standard,
the link XPD performance is mainly affected by engineering and equipment.

XPD Fine-Tuning
Engineer Problem
ing
Unqualified XPD
Installation Damaged

Equipment Antenna problem

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 8

Engineering-XPD Fine-Tuning Problem

After the first round of

adjustment, there is a partial
value is better, but some of the
value of the situation is not up
to standard. Need to adjust the XPD
value of non-compliance, adjust maximum,
to the standard can be, do not not
necessarily
tune to the best (if transferred at the
to the best, other values may maximum
not be standard). RSL
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 9
Engineering-XPD Fine-Tuning Problem
Phenomenon: when fine-tuning XPD, the XPD value has gradually become a
good trend, but transferred to the limit position, still no compliance.
Possible reasons: the pole is not vertical, or the antenna is not installed
specifications, the antenna debugging range of only ±5 °, can not be
transferred to the best location.
Solution: Adjust the vertical bar, and check the antenna installation.
Just adjust in the range of
But the range of angle
is key. angle?

100
RSL V-V
50
RSL V-H
0
XPD
-5 -50 0 5 10

-100

抱杆不垂直可能产生的问题
The pole is not vertical or the antenna
The level of the bubble in the is not installed specification may cause
center position is judged to be problems
vertical.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 10
Engineering-XPD Fine-Tuning Problem
Phenomenon: The same site V and H polarized XPD values are not
balanced, and only one polarizes the standard.
Possible cause: Feed (OMT) is not adjusted to the best angle.
Solution: Rotate the feed(OMT) to make the dual-polarization balanced.
High Site Low Site A station of V
polarization XPD
V-Polarization 28dB 23dB value is relative
H-Polarization 24dB 33.5dB good, then the
corresponding end
should be H
XPD value High Site
V polarization XPD
value is relatively
good.
H
V-Polarization H-Polarization When the V (H)
Low Site
of the local site
V is perpendicular
to the H (V) of
the opposite site,
balance H the XPD peak is
point
obtained.
Rotation
angle
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 11
Engineering-XPD Fine-Tuning Problem
Rotate the OMT for fine-tuning:

Check the antenna installation. The level of the bubble in the center position
is judged to be vertical.

Bracket
Pole Antenna

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 12

Checking step:

STEP1: Check whether there’s object between 2 antennas of 1 link, need

to take off the object or move antenna to a new location

Jdeideh Deir_Qoubel Souk Nokary Ras Beirut

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 13

Checking step:

STEP2: Check whether the equipment damaged or not, including the

shield, the reflector, the OMT, the coupler, the waveguide, the ODU, and
so on; need to change the damaged equipment

Nokary Concorde Sinjab

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 14

Checking step:

STEP3: Check whether the installation is good or not; correct the

installation

Zghartar(shield “top” Nokary(leak hole Sinjab(2+0 XPIC

mark should be at the should be at the should use 3dB
top position bottom position) coupler, shouldn’t
use 6dB coupler)

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 15

Checking step:

STEP4: Check whether the antenna is horizontal or the pole is vertical;

correct the antenna installation

Concord Zghartar Zouk

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 16

Checking step:

STEP5: Check whether there is dirty things between the OMT and feeder,
between the feeder and reflector, inside of the OMT and reflector; need to
clean and reinstall it

Bababek Ariane

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 17

Checking step:

STEP6: Check whether there is interference ;

For example

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 18

Checking step:

STEP7: Rotate the OMT very slowly, and don’t to loose the screw to much
for avoiding the change after fixing screws;

See the 15min SDH performance, although the current XPD is 24dB, but
the Max XPD is 25.1dB, it means the link has the ability to get the 25dB
XPD value if we rotate the OMT very slowly.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 19
Equipment-Antenna problem
Once the link RSL value has been stable and compliance, but after repeated speculation XPD
still can not meet the standard, you can consider whether the antenna device failure. Link XPD
indicators only related to the antenna, the scene of the antenna to test more difficult positioning,
the general use of alternative positioning. Generally take a good replacement of the
whole machine antenna, the conditions permitting can also be parts-level replacement for
more detailed positioning.
1. Replace feed, OMT observation XPD whether there is improvement.
2. Replace or remove the radome (edge), observe whether the XPD improved.
3. Replace the good reflection surface, observe whether the XPD improved.

Tips:
After the above adjustment, installation and replacement, still can not confirm and solve
the problem, you can contact the research and development colleagues to help.

Xugang 00170069/mic.xugang@Huawei.com

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 20

Specification installation
Please follow the antenna installation instructions for standardized installation, and to ensure
that the antenna installation without exception;
You can get the relevant documents according to the following link:
English: \\info-server\A_CooperationDoc_en\04-Optix\01-RTN\RTN AOC\H interface
AOC data(XMC)\Antenna\UHP HATC\Annex4：Installation Manual
Tips:
\\info-server\A_CooperationDoc_en\04-Optix\01-RTN\RTN AOC

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 21

 Thank you
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Copyright©2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved.

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5:558 Zouk_Mikael_496 Souk_El_Zouk_LTE MW
Main problem:
Both of 2 sites,antenna is not horizonal;

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 23

7:724 Aabey_MPT_83 Mazraat_El_Chouf_LTE MW
Main problem:
the old Andrew antenna, the XPD can't be guaranteed

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 24

8:3 Concorde_139 Manara2_LTE MW
Main problem:
Damaged OMT (Pipe curved)

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 25

9:36 Nokary_1258 Deir_Qoubel2_LTE MW
Main problem:
1) Mental pole affect the XPD;
2) Damaged shield;
3) Shield installed wrong;
4) Obstructiong;

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 26

12:624 Baalbak_1136 Al_Rayan_LTE MW
Main problem:
Dirty things inside of the OMT

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 27

13:12 Sinjab_26 Zhairi_LTE MW
Main problem:
1) Wrong coupler (XPIC should use 3dB coupler);
2) Pole is not vertical

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 28

14:15 Jdeideh_MPT_1035 Ariane_LTE MW
Main problem:
1）Something like glue or oil inside of the OMT、feeder and ODU；
2）Another antenna obstacle this antenna;

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 29

15:311 Ouzaii_30 Ouzaii3_LTE MW
Main problem:
The pole was not vertical;

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 30

16:72 Beit_Eddine_732 Moultaqa_Nahrein_LTE MW
Main problem:
I don’t go to adjust, but subcontractor said there is interference outside, need customer to deal
with;

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 31

18:152 Ras_Beirut_MPT_183 Australia_LTE MW
Main problem:
Building obstacle

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 32

20:581 Bnachai_509 Zgharta_LTE MW
Main problem:
1) Pole is not vertical;
2) Shield installed wrong (Top mark should in the top position)

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential 33