The tensile and low-cycle fatigue

behavior of 304LN stainless steel:

influence of dynamic strain aging
Overview
 Tensile test at various temperature range and strain rates
 Low cycle fatigue test in desired Dynamic Strain Age Temperature
ranges
 Constitutive Modeling and prediction of Material behavior using FEA
tools
 Metallurgical investigation
Description

Dynamic strain aging (DSA) is the phenomenon of

interactions between diffusing solute atoms and mobile
dislocations during plastic deformation. It depends on
deformation rate (Strain rate) and temperature, which
governs the velocity of mobile dislocations and diffusing
solute atoms.
Portevin–Le Chatelier effect (or Serrated Yielding)
 When the imposed strain rates in a tensile test are higher, the dislocation
moves fast but the solute diffusion to the dislocation is dictated by the
temperature and the time. The solutes may be slow such that no ageing
occurs
 When the strain rates are very low, then solute mobility may be faster than
the speed of dislocation that the interaction or ageing does not occur
 When the test temperature is very high, the same problem that solute
diffusion may be so fast that ageing is not possible
 When the temperature is lesser, the diffusion of solutes would be too slow
for ageing to occur. Thus the continuous ageing in a dynamic situation (i.e.
during tensile testing) occurs within a certain range of strain rates; and
within certain range of temperatures
Dynamic Strain
Aging effect on
tensile properties
Tests were carried out with
constant strain rate and various
temperatures
Tensile Test
All the tensile tests will be carried out considering following:
 The temperature range for the tensile test will be according to actual
working condition (i.e. RT to 650℃) for 304LN stainless steel.
 All the test will be performed between the range of strain rates of
10−5 𝑡𝑜 10−1 𝑆 −1 combined with all temperatures selected within the
temperature range of RT to 650℃.
Tensile test

Data analysis and observation

 DSA phenomenon will be Checked for all the test sets.
 A temperature and strain rate sets will be taken if DSA occurred within
those ranges
 The set of these temperature and strain rate ranges will be considered
as strain rate and temperature window for DSA.
 Activation Energy will be calculated on the basis of tensile properties.
Temperature
Effect on Fatigue
life

Here we can observe the variation

in plastic strain amplitude and
stress amplitude with respect to
temperature.
Uniaxial LCF test
 Uniaxial LCF test will be planned on the basis of DSA window.

Temperature
range

DSA Window
Strain rate
range
Dynamic Strain
Aging effect on
Fatigue

(0.8% strain amplitude,0.04% strain

rate) of a Carbon–manganese steel
(PWR material) at 200℃
Dynamic Strain
Aging effect on
fatigue

(0.8% strain amplitude,0.4% strain

rate) of a Carbon–manganese steel
(PWR material) at 100℃
Uniaxial LCF test
 Some experiment will be also performed at room temperature (RT) at
Strain rates taken from DSA window
Data analysis and Results
Part-A
 Variation of cyclic yield stress will be calculated.
 Developing an Isotropic hardening model from cyclic yield stress
variation with DSA window parameters.
Uniaxial LCF test
Part-B
 Variation of back stress will be calculated with DSA window
parameters.
 On the basis of these variation a kinematic hardening model will be
developed.
Uniaxial LCF test
Part-C
 A complete LCF model will be developed with DSA on the basis of
previous parts of investigation
 Verification of the model with experiments
 Final model after calibration and modification.
 Metallurgical investigation

 X-ray Diffraction

 SEM analysis

 TEM analysis