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Chemistry
• The course aims to:
• provide the important topics in Organic chemistry functional groups including
• Saturated and unsaturated HC, aromatic compounds, alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids,
esters, and its derivatives, aldehydes & ketones, amines & amides.
• to help students to gain experience to predict the functional group
transformations and simple reaction mechanisms
Inorganic compound Vs. organic compounds
• a) Organic compounds are carbon-based and are the
key substances that make up living things.
• b) Inorganic substances also are important to
organisms, but do NOT contain carbon
Part 1: Organic (Carbon) Compounds:
Uniqueness of C
1. All living things are made MOSTLY of organic
compounds!
2. Yes, you’re organic!
Carbon’s Key Properties
• Has a mid-range electronegativity value so it forms
covalent bonds and shares electrons
• Can form a maximum of four bonds
• Can form chains, sheets, and rings
• Usually combined with H and often bonds with O, S,
N and P
Organic compounds are made of
repeating units called monomers
1) Carbohydrates
•C, H, O, N and P
•monomer = nucleotide
Ex. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is double
stranded
RNA (ribonucleic acid) is single stranded
MATCHING
1. nucleotides carbohydrates
2. monosaccharides lipids
Oxygen
B) Properties of Water
1. cohesion--water molecules H
bond to one another easily and
“cling” together
2. adhesion--water molecules easily form H
bonds to other non-water substances