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SOIL BORNE PLANT PATHOGEN

This subject will advance our understanding of


soilborne plant pathogens and identify effective
treatments and practices that prevent and/or control
the diseases they cause, thus improving crop yield and
quality and reducing grower costs.
Soilborne pathogens are
# tiny organisms like bacteria, viruses, or fungi
# that infect plant roots, stems, and leaves,
leading to reduce plant growth,
# increase costs to the growers,
# and potential damage to the environment.
Case study 1 : Cotton seedling
Diseases caused by soilborne pathogens can :

# kill or weaken seeds and seedlings,


# delay crop growth,
# or require costly replanting.

Commonly cotton seed is universally treated


with fungicides prior to sale, growers must decide
whether to use additional fungicides to ward off
disease.
• Growers need to know which treatments are
most effective for their specific problems and
growing conditions in order to prevent
needless expenses, ineffective treatments,
and crop losses.
• Soilborne pathogens are also problematic for
bedding plants and vegetable transplants
• Although production of these plants takes
place in greenhouses where environmental
conditions can be controlled and sanitation is
practiced,
• many greenhouses inadvertently provide
conditions favorable for pathogen survival.
Even one diseased plant can result in the loss
of the entire flat of plants.
Chalenges
• Though these soilborne pathogens and others
are common throughout the world, we know
little about their genetics, making it difficult to
develop control methods.
Chalenges
• Because fungicide use is not consistently
effective, economical, ecologically desirable
(due to environmental and worker exposure
concerns), or commercially desirable
(production of pesticide-free or organic crops
can increase crop value by 30%), biological
control and plant growth promoting agents
should be considered key management
components.
Case Study 2 : Potato
• Potato crop, the world’s number one non-grain
food commodity, is the fourth main food crop in
the world after maize, rice and wheat, with 325
million tons produced in 2007.
• Potatoes are grown in more than 100 countries,
mainly in Asia (135 million tons) and Europe (130
million tons; FAO 2008 ).
• They have good gustative and nutritional qualities
and can be grown under various climates.
• However, potato crop can suffer more than 40
pests and diseases caused by insects, nematodes,
viruses, bacteria, and fungi .
• Those pathogens are air-or soil-borne and cause
damages on all parts of the plant.
• Soil-borne diseases affecting potato crop can be
divided into two groups depending on symptoms:
symptoms damaging tubers and those damaging
other parts of the plant (Gudmes tad et al. 2007 ).
Major Concept for Concern :
1.Soil invaders vs. soil Inhabitants
2.Inoculum potential, including the
stimulation of plant pathogen by root
exudates and other sources of nutrients
3.The environmental stresses can
predispose hosts to infection and disease
4.Soil microorganisms influence pathogen
survival and development
IMPACT STATEMENTS

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