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Presented by
Sam A.W Bandawe
Mcdonald K Juma
WHAT ARE CERAMICS
• Ceramic materials are inorganic, non-metallic materials and
things made from them.
• They may be crystalline or partly crystalline.
• They are formed by the action of heat and subsequent cooling.
• Most ceramics are compounds between metallic and non-
metallic elements for which the interatomic bonds are either
totally ionic bond or predominantly ionic but having same
covalent character.
• Clay was one of the earliest materials used to produce ceramics,
but many different ceramic materials are now used in domestic,
industrial and building products.
• A wide-ranging group of materials whose ingredients are clays,
sand and felspar.
PROPERTIES OF CERAMICS
• Extreme hardness: High wear resistance, Extreme
hardness can reduce wear caused by friction
• Corrosion resistance
• Heat resistance: Low electrical conductivity, Low
thermal conductivity(High melting pont), Low
thermal expansion ,Poor thermal shock
resistance
• Low ductility: Very brittle, High elastic modulus
CONTINUED
• Low toughness: Low fracture toughness
• Low density: Porosity affects properties
• High strength at elevated temperatures
• Considerable durability (they're long-lasting
and hard-wearing)
• Chemical inertness (they're unreactive with
other chemicals)
CLASSIFICATION OF CERAMICS BASED
ON THEIR APPLICATIONS
COMPARISON BETWEEN TRADITIONAL
AND ADVANCED CERAMICS
Traditional Ceramics Advanced ceramics
traditional ceramics are mainly made of advanced ceramics are composited by
clay oxides, nitrides, silicides, borides, carbides
and so on, moreover, the chemical
composition, crystal structure and grain
size can be controlled precisely
Properties mainly based on the source of advance ceramics have many particular
material or type of clay used properties, such as high strength, high
hardness, corrosion resistance, electric
conductivity, electric insulation and other
properties