Activity

“Comparing plant
and animal cells”
•1.Compare the shape
of a plant cell with
that of an animal cell
•Plant cells are rectangular
or angular or rigid in shape,
while animal cells are
rounded and somewhat
irregular or spherical or
cylindrical.
•2.Which cell parts
are found in both
cells?
•The nucleus, plasma membrane,
cytoplasm, the mitochondrion,
rough and smooth endoplasmic
reticulum, Golgi body, vacuole,
vesicle, ribosome/s and lysosome
are common to both plant and
animal cells.
3.Which cell parts are
present only in
animal cells?
•The centrioles are present
in animal cells only.
•4. Which cell parts
are present only in
plant cells?
•The cell wall and
chloroplast are
present in plant
cells only.
5.Based on your
observations and study of
plant and animal cells, cite
differences and similarities
between them.
Differences between plant and animal cells:
• Plant and animal cells differ in shape and in some
parts. Plant cells are rectangular or angular or rigid
in shape, while animal cells are rounded and
somewhat irregular.

• Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts which

animal cells do not have. Animal cells have
centrioles which plant cells do not have.
Similarity between plant and
animal cells:
• Both plant and animal cells have common
parts namely: the nucleus, plasma
membrane, cytoplasm, the mitochondrion,
rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum,
Golgi body, vacuole/vesicle, ribosomes and
lysosome.
•6. What do you think will
happen to the cell if the
plasma membrane does
not function properly?
•Without the plasma membrane,
any substance can go in and out
the cell. The cell may be affected
by the exit of needed substances or
entrance of unneeded or poisonous
substances that may lead to death
of the cell.
•7. What is the
purpose of the cell
wall in plants?
•The cell wall being made
of tough or rigid material
gives shape and
protection to plant cells.
•8. Why are there
several chloroplasts
in the plant cell?
•The chloroplast in cells of
plants is where food is made.
The greater the number of
chloroplast in them makes
them efficient in making more
food for the plant.
•9.How would vacuoles in
plants serve as defense
against animals that eat
them?
•Vacuoles in some plants may
contain poison or toxic
substances. These substances
can harm these animals, once
eaten. So, this serve to protect
them.
•Venn diagram
 Parts
and
Functions
•A cell has three basic
parts:
the nucleus, plasma
membrane and
cytoplasm
•The nucleus is the part of cells easily
seen under the light microscope. It is very
important because it controls all the
activities of the other parts that occur
within the cell. The nucleus contains
materials that play a role in heredity.
•The plasma membrane
surrounds the whole of the
cell. It separates what is inside
the cell from outside it. It also
controls substances that go
into and out of the cell.
•The cytoplasm consists of a jelly-like
substance where all the other parts of
the cell are located. It does not
however, include the area where the
nucleus is. Many different activities of
the cell occur in the cytoplasm.
•You have seen that plant cells have cell
walls and chloroplasts that are not
found in animal cells.
• The cell wall is made of stiff material
that forms the outermost part of plant
cells. This gives shape and protection
to them.
•Plants make their own food.
• Chloroplasts are important in plant cells
because it is where food is made. It
contains chlorophyll which absorbs
energy from the sun to make food for
plants.
•Vacuoles are present in both plant
and animal cells. In plant cells, they
are large and usually occupy more
than half of the cell space. They play a
role in storing nutrients and
increasing cell size during growth.
• Some plant vacuoles contain poisonous
substances. Vacuoles also store water, thereby
maintaining rigidity to cells and provide support
for plants to stand upright. Plant cell vacuoles are
responsible for the crisp appearance of fresh
vegetables. Vacuoles in animal cells are small and
are called vesicles. They serve as storage of water
and food and function in the excretion of waste
materials.
centrioles

•Produce spindle fibers

for cellular division
Mitochondrion

•- converts energy in food to a

form usable to the cell .
•Power house of the cell.
Golgi body/apparatus

•– sort, modify, package and distribute

cell products to where they are
needed;
Ribosomes
• Aid in protein synthesis
• produced in the nucleus, occurs in large numbers
and can be free floating in the cytoplasm, involved
in the manufacture of protein, can be attached to
the ER, thus there is a rough ER;
Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum(SER)

•contains no ribosomes; makes

lipids(fats)
Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum(RER)

•with attached ribosomes that

manufacture proteins
Lysosomes
•Remove harmful substances
inside the cell by breaking down
waste products and old worn-out
cell parts.